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        "resumen" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Background</span><p class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Questionnaires are the usual method for investigating sun-related behavior&#46; However&#44; such tools must be validated through evaluation of their measurement properties&#46; The aim of the present study was to assess the validity and reliability of a Spanish questionnaire evaluating habits&#44; attitudes&#44; and understanding of exposure to sunlight&#46;</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Patients and Methods</span><p class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">In a cross-sectional study&#44; the questionnaire was administered to a sample of 422 participants found on beaches&#46; For the test-retest analysis&#44; 70 hospital-based health professionals were interviewed on 2 separate occasions&#46; The construct validity&#44; internal consistency&#44; and reproducibility were analyzed&#46;</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Results</span><p class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Factorial analysis of the principal components confirmed the construct validity with commonalities and factor saturations &#62;0&#46;50&#44; and revealed multiple dimensions with Cronbach &#945; values &#62; 0&#46;70&#46; The items on habits and understanding showed intraclass correlation and &#948; coefficient values &#62; 0&#46;70&#44; but those on attitude had lower stability values &#40;0&#46;50-0&#46;80&#41;&#46;</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Conclusions</span><p class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">This is the first Spanish questionnaire with demonstrated validity and reliability for evaluating habits&#44; attitudes&#44; and understanding of exposure to sunlight&#46; It will be a useful instrument for future epidemiologic studies and research into the prevention of skin cancer in Spain&#46;</p>"
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        "resumen" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Introducci&#243;n</span><p class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Los cuestionarios son el m&#233;todo habitual de investigaci&#243;n de las conductas relacionadas con la exposici&#243;n solar&#46; Sin embargo&#44; para que un instrumento sea v&#225;lido debe acreditar sus propiedades de medici&#243;n&#46; El objetivo del presente trabajo fue evaluar la validez y la fiabilidad de un cuestionario en espa&#241;ol sobre comportamientos&#44; actitudes y conocimientos relacionados con la exposici&#243;n solar en la playa&#46;</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Pacientes y m&#233;todo</span><p class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Se realiz&#243; un estudio de corte transversal administr&#225;ndose el cuestionario a una muestra de 422 participantes a pie de playa&#46; Para la prueba del test-retest se encuest&#243; a 70 participantes del medio hospitalario en dos ocasiones diferentes&#46; Se analizaron la validez&#44; la consistencia interna y la reproducibilidad de los &#237;tems del instrumento&#46;</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Resultados</span><p class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">El an&#225;lisis factorial de los componentes principales mostr&#243; valores de comunalidades y saturaciones factoriales &#62; 0&#44;50&#44; y revel&#243; la presencia de m&#250;ltiples dimensiones que presentaron valores de coeficiente alfa de Cronbach &#62; 0&#44;70&#46; Los &#237;tems de comportamientos y conocimientos evidenciaron coeficientes de correlaci&#243;n intraclase y delta &#62; 0&#44;70&#46; Los &#237;tems del apartado de actitudes mostraron valores moderados de estabilidad &#40;0&#44;50-0&#44;80&#41;&#46;</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Conclusiones</span><p class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Se presenta el primer cuestionario sobre comportamientos&#44; actitudes y conocimientos relacionados con la exposici&#243;n solar&#44; elaborado en espa&#241;ol&#44; con garant&#237;as de validez y fiabilidad&#46; Este instrumento constituir&#225; una herramienta de utilidad en la investigaci&#243;n epidemiol&#243;gica y del &#225;mbito de la prevenci&#243;n primaria del c&#225;ncer de piel en Espa&#241;a&#46;</p>"
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Vol. 100. Núm. 7.
Páginas 586-595 (septiembre 2009)
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Vol. 100. Núm. 7.
Páginas 586-595 (septiembre 2009)
Original articles
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Validation of a Spanish Questionnaire to Evaluate Habits, Attitudes, and Understanding of Exposure to Sunlight: “The Beach Questionnaire”
Validación de un Cuestionario en Español Sobre Comportamientos, Actitudes y Conocimientos Relacionados con la Exposición Solar: «Cuestionario a pie de Playa»
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M. de Troya-Martína,d,
Autor para correspondencia
magdatm@hcs.es

Correspondence: C/ Alhaurín, n.° 1, 29640 Fuengirola, Málaga, Spain.
, N. Blázquez-Sáncheza,d, F. Rivas-Ruizb,d, I. Fernández-Canedoa, A. Rupérez-Sandovalc, J. Pons-Palliserb, E. Perea-Millabd
a Servicio de Dermatología, Hospital Costa del Sol, Marbella, Málaga, Spain
b Unidad de Investigación, Hospital Costa del Sol, Marbella, Málaga, Spain
c Departamento de Recursos Humanos, Hospital Costa del Sol, Marbella, Málaga, Spain
d CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP)
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Abstract
Background

Questionnaires are the usual method for investigating sun-related behavior. However, such tools must be validated through evaluation of their measurement properties. The aim of the present study was to assess the validity and reliability of a Spanish questionnaire evaluating habits, attitudes, and understanding of exposure to sunlight.

Patients and Methods

In a cross-sectional study, the questionnaire was administered to a sample of 422 participants found on beaches. For the test-retest analysis, 70 hospital-based health professionals were interviewed on 2 separate occasions. The construct validity, internal consistency, and reproducibility were analyzed.

Results

Factorial analysis of the principal components confirmed the construct validity with commonalities and factor saturations >0.50, and revealed multiple dimensions with Cronbach α values > 0.70. The items on habits and understanding showed intraclass correlation and δ coefficient values > 0.70, but those on attitude had lower stability values (0.50-0.80).

Conclusions

This is the first Spanish questionnaire with demonstrated validity and reliability for evaluating habits, attitudes, and understanding of exposure to sunlight. It will be a useful instrument for future epidemiologic studies and research into the prevention of skin cancer in Spain.

Key words:
questionnaires
skin cancer prevention
solar protection
behavior
attitudes
Resumen
Introducción

Los cuestionarios son el método habitual de investigación de las conductas relacionadas con la exposición solar. Sin embargo, para que un instrumento sea válido debe acreditar sus propiedades de medición. El objetivo del presente trabajo fue evaluar la validez y la fiabilidad de un cuestionario en español sobre comportamientos, actitudes y conocimientos relacionados con la exposición solar en la playa.

Pacientes y método

Se realizó un estudio de corte transversal administrándose el cuestionario a una muestra de 422 participantes a pie de playa. Para la prueba del test-retest se encuestó a 70 participantes del medio hospitalario en dos ocasiones diferentes. Se analizaron la validez, la consistencia interna y la reproducibilidad de los ítems del instrumento.

Resultados

El análisis factorial de los componentes principales mostró valores de comunalidades y saturaciones factoriales > 0,50, y reveló la presencia de múltiples dimensiones que presentaron valores de coeficiente alfa de Cronbach > 0,70. Los ítems de comportamientos y conocimientos evidenciaron coeficientes de correlación intraclase y delta > 0,70. Los ítems del apartado de actitudes mostraron valores moderados de estabilidad (0,50-0,80).

Conclusiones

Se presenta el primer cuestionario sobre comportamientos, actitudes y conocimientos relacionados con la exposición solar, elaborado en español, con garantías de validez y fiabilidad. Este instrumento constituirá una herramienta de utilidad en la investigación epidemiológica y del ámbito de la prevención primaria del cáncer de piel en España.

Palabras clave:
cuestionarios
prevención del cáncer de piel
protección solar
comportamientos
actitudes
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This study was funded by a grant from the Health Service of the Government of Andalusia (Junta), grant number 172/04.

Copyright © 2009. Academia Española de Dermatología y Venereología and Elsevier España, S.L.
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