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Vol. 102. Issue 1.
Pages 24-27 (January - February 2011)
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Vol. 102. Issue 1.
Pages 24-27 (January - February 2011)
Original article
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Salmon Patch: a Descriptive Study
Mancha salmón: estudio descriptivo
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B. Monteagudoa,
Corresponding author
benims@hotmail.com

Corresponding author.
, J. Labandeirab, A. Acevedoc, M. Cabanillasa, E. León-Muiñosd, R. Fernández-Prietod, J. Toribiob
a Servicio de Dermatología, Hospital Arquitecto Marcide, Área Sanitaria de Ferrol, SERGAS, Fundación Novoa Santos, Ferrol, La Coruña, Spain
b Servicio de Dermatología, Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago de Compostela (CHUS), SERGAS, Facultad de Medicina, Santiago de Compostela, La Coruña, Spain
c Unidad de Formación Continuada, Hospital Arquitecto Marcide, Área Sanitaria de Ferrol, SERGAS, Fundación Novoa Santos, Ferrol, La Coruña, Spain
d Servicio de Pediatría, Hospital Arquitecto Marcide, Área Sanitaria de Ferrol, SERGAS, Fundación Novoa Santos, Ferrol, Spain
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Abstract
Background and objectives

Salmon patch is a congenital venous malformation that usually affects the midline. Although it is very common, few studies have analyzed its prevalence or predisposing factors. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and clinical characteristics of salmon patch in a group of newborn infants from a health care area in northwest Spain and to assess its association with neonatal and maternal variables.

Patients and methods

A descriptive study was undertaken of live newborn children seen in the neonatal unit of the Department of Pediatrics at Hospital Arquitecto Marcide, Ferrol, Spain between May 1, 2008 and January 31, 2009. The study protocol included collection of data on neonatal variables (including gestational age, sex, ethnic origin, weight, and presence and anatomical site of salmon patch) and maternal variables (including age and number of previous pregnancies).

Results

Of the 600 newborn infants included in the study, 59% had salmon patches. The most commonly affected sites were the nape of the neck (226 infants, 37.6%) and eyelids (211 infants, 35.1%). In a number of cases, more than one part of the body was affected. There was a higher prevalence of salmon patch in full-term or post-term births, in girls, white children, heavier children, and infants born to mothers aged between 30 and 34 years or who had not been pregnant previously.

Conclusions

Salmon patch occurred most frequently on the nape of the neck, the eyelids, and the glabella. Its prevalence was associated with certain neonatal and maternal factors.

Keywords:
Venous malformation
Vascular birthmarks
Salmon patch
Neonates
Nevus flammeus
Newborn infants
Resumen
Introducción

La mancha salmón es una malformación venular congénita que tiene predilección por la línea media. Aunque es muy frecuente, hay pocos estudios que analicen su frecuencia y los factores que predisponen su aparición. Nuestro objetivo es conocer su prevalencia y características clínicas en los recién nacidos de nuestra Área Sanitaria, y ver cómo influyen los parámetros neonatales y maternos.

Pacientes y métodos

Estudio descriptivo donde fueron reclutados, entre el 1 de mayo de 2008 y el 31 de enero de 2009, los recién nacidos vivos vistos en una consulta de Perinatología del Servicio de Pediatría del Hospital Arquitecto Marcide (Ferrol, España). En cada caso se recogieron de forma protocolizada: a) datos del neonato, edad gestacional, sexo, raza, peso, presencia y localización anatómica de la mancha salmón; y b) datos de la madre, edad y número de gestaciones previas.

Resultados

Presentaba mancha salmón el 59% de los 600 neonatos revisados. La nuca y los párpados fueron las localizaciones más comunes, con 226 (37,6%) y 211 pacientes (35,1%) respectivamente. Muchas veces había más de un área corporal afecta. Se observó una prevalencia mayor en los recién nacidos a término o postérmino, de sexo femenino, caucasiano, con mayor peso, con madre con una edad comprendida entre 30 y 34 años y sin gestaciones previas.

Conclusiones

La mancha salmón se localiza sobre todo en la nuca, los párpados y la glabela. Determinados factores neonatales y maternos influyen en su prevalencia.

Palabras clave:
Malformación venular
Marcas vasculares al nacimiento
Mancha salmón
Neonato
Nevo flameo
Recién nacido
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Copyright © 2011. Academia Española de Dermatología y Venereología and Elsevier España, S.L.
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