Journal Information
Vol. 98. Issue 6.
Pages 396-402 (August 2007)
Vol. 98. Issue 6.
Pages 396-402 (August 2007)
Novelties in dermatology
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Psoriasis, a Systemic Disease?
La Psoriasis, ¿Una Enfermedad Sistémica?
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L. Puig Sanz
Servicio de Dermatología, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
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Abstract

It has long been recognized the epidemiological association of psoriasis, especially the most severe forms, with several diseases that share a common pathogenic substrate involving TNF-α and different target organs (arthritis and Crohn disease, for example), as well as an increased risk of coronary heart disease and occlusive cardiovascular disease. In the patient with severe psoriasis there is also an increased prevalence of obesity, dyslipemia, adult diabetes mellitus, alcohol abuse and tobacco habit which contribute to the increased risk of mortality associated with atherosclerosis. Recently it has been identified the so-called metabolic syndrome, characterized by the association of abdominal obesity, atherogenic dyslipemia, hypertension, insulin resistance with or without glucose intolerance and a proinflammatory and prothrombotic state as a risk factor for cardiovascular disease. There is evidence that in rheumatoid arthritis as well as in psoriasis, chronic inflammation has a pathogenic role in the metabolic syndrome and associated comorbidities, and its adequate treatment may contribute to revert it. The dermatologist should recognize the elements of the metabolic syndrome and propose the patient with psoriasis, in addition to the optimal dermatologic treatment, changes in life habits and appropriate drug therapy to reduce the risk of cardiovascular morbi-mortality

Key words:
psoriasis
comorbidities
myocardial infarction
atherosclerosis
obesity
metabolic syndrome
cardiovascular disease
Resumen

Desde hace tiempo se conoce la asociación epidemiológica de la psoriasis, especialmente en sus formas graves, con diversas enfermedades con las que comparte un sustrato patogénico común, con implicación del factor de necrosis tumoral a (TNF-a) y diferente órgano diana (tales como artritis y enfermedad de Crohn, por ejemplo), así como con un aumento en el riesgo de cardiopatía coronaria y enfermedad cardiovascular oclusiva. En el paciente con psoriasis grave también se encuentra un aumento en la prevalencia de obesidad, dislipemia, diabetes mellitus del adulto, enolismo y tabaquismo, que contribuyen al incremento en el riesgo de mortalidad relacionada con la aterosclerosis. Recientemente se ha identificado el denominado síndrome metabólico, caracterizado por la asociación de obesidad abdominal, dislipemia aterogénica, hipertensión, resistencia a la insulina con o sin intolerancia a la glucosa y un estado proinflamatorio y protrombótico como factor de riesgo de enfermedad cardiovascular, y existen evidencias de que, tanto en la artritis reumatoide como en la psoriasis, la inflamación crónica tiene un papel patogénico en el síndrome metabólico y las comorbilidades asociadas, y su tratamiento adecuado podría contribuir a revertirlo. Constituye una obligación del dermatólogo reconocer los elementos del síndrome metabólico y proponer al paciente con psoriasis, además del tratamiento óptimo de la psoriasis, los cambios de hábitos de vida y el tratamiento farmacológico adecuado para reducir el riesgo de morbimortalidad cardiovascular.

Palabras clave:
psoriasis
comorbilidades
infarto de miocardio
aterosclerosis
obesidad
síndrome metabólico
enfermedad cardiovascular
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