Journal Information
Vol. 98. Issue 1.
Pages 3-13 (January - February 2007)
Vol. 98. Issue 1.
Pages 3-13 (January - February 2007)
Review article
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Pharmacogenetics II. Research Molecular Methods, Bioinformatics and Ethical Concerns
Farmacogenética II. Métodos Moleculares de Estudio, Bioinformática y Aspectos Éticos
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E. Daudén
Corresponding author
estebandauden@medynet.com

Correspondence: Servicio de Dermatología. Hospital Universitario de La Princesa. Diego de León, 62. 28006 Madrid. Spain.
Servicio de Dermatología, Hospital Universitario de la Princesa, Madrid, Spain
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Abstract

Pharmacogenetics refers to the study of the individual pharmacological response based on the genotype. Its objective is to optimize treatment in an individual basis, thereby creating a more efficient and safe personalized therapy. In the second part of this review, the molecular methods of study in pharmacogenetics, including the microarray technology or DNA chips, are discussed. Among them we highlight the microarrays used to determine the gene expression that detect specific RNA sequences, and the microarrays employed to determine the genotype that detect specific DNA sequences, including the polymorphisms, particularly single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). The relationship between pharmacogenetics, bioinformatics and ethical concerns is reviewed.

Key words:
pharmacogenetics
DNA
molecular biology
microarrays
bioinformatics
genotype
gene expression
polymorphisms
SNP
Resumen

La farmacogenética es el estudio de la respuesta farmacológica del individuo según el genotipo. Su objetivo es optimizar el tratamiento a nivel individual, ir a una terapia personalizada más segura y eficiente.

En esta segunda parte de la revisión se analizan los métodos moleculares de estudio en farmacogenética que incluyen la tecnología de los microarrays o chips de ADN. Dentro de ellos destacan los microarrays para determinar la expresión génica, que detectan secuencias específicas de ARN, y los microarrays para determinar el genotipo, que detectan secuencias específicas de ADN, incluyendo los polimorfismos, especialmente los de un solo nucleótido (SNP). Se revisa la relación entre la farmacogenética, la bioinformática y sus aspectos éticos.

Palabras clave:
farmacogenética
ADN
biología molecular
microarrays
bioinformática
genotipo
expresión génica
polimorfismos
SNP
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Copyright © 2007. Academia Española de Dermatología y Venereología and Elsevier España, S.L.
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