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Vol. 100. Issue 4.
Pages 307-316 (May 2009)
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Vol. 100. Issue 4.
Pages 307-316 (May 2009)
Original articles
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Clear Cells in Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Las Células Claras en el Carcinoma Espinocelular Cutáneo
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R. Corbalán-Véleza,
Corresponding author
raulcorb@gmail.com

Correspondence: Servicio de Dermatología, Hospital Universitario Virgen de la Arrixaca, Ctra. Murcia-Cartagena, s/n, 30120 El Palmar, Murcia, Spain.
, J.A. Ruiz-Maciab, C. Brufauc, J.M. López-Lozanod, E. Martínez-Barbae, F.J. Carapetod
a Servicio de Dermatología, Hospital Universitario Virgen de la Arrixaca Murcia, Spain
b Servicio de Anatomía Patológica, Hospital Vega Baja, Orihuela, Alicante, Spain
c Servicio de Dermatología, Hospital General Reina Sofía, Murcia, Spain
d Servicio de Medicina Preventiva, Hospital Vega Baja, Orihuela, Alicante, Spain
e Servicio de Anatomía Patológica, Hospital Universitario Virgen de la Arrixaca Murcia, Spain
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Abstract
Introduction

Although few cases of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) with clear cells have been published, we believe that these cells are often present in SCC.

Material and methods

We studied 249 SCCs, analyzing a number of clinical and histological variables. Various immunohistochemical techniques (immunoperoxidase method) were used to determine whether adnexal differentiation was present.

Results

There were 96 SCCs with a proportion of clear cells of over 25%. Advanced or established SCCs and SCCs associated with Bowen disease contained a larger proportion of clear cells. We defined 2 histological patterns: a) clear cells around the keratin pearls of SCCs arising from pre-existing actinic keratosis and with indirect signs of human papilloma virus infection in hair follicles; and b) clear cells that simulate adnexal differentiation in lesions arising on pre-existing Bowen disease lesions. There were also 19 carcinomas with true adnexal differentiation.

Discussion

Clear cells are frequently observed in SCC, though large numbers of clear cells are present only in certain SCCs. The appearance of clear cells in SCCs is progressive and they are only present in more advanced SCC. The presence of clear cells is suggestive of adnexal differentiation; however, in the majority of cases, their presence is due to infiltration of normal adnexal structures by the cells of pagetoid Bowen disease. True adnexal differentiation exists only in a small percentage of cases (7.6% in our study). The histological pattern described as clear cells around keratin pearls practically rules out this differentiation.

Key words:
clear cells
squamous cell carcinoma
skin
dermatopathology
Resumen
Introducción

Se han publicado pocos casos de carcinoma espinocelular (CE) de células claras, aunque creemos que es frecuente observar células claras en los CE.

Material y métodos

Hemos estudiado 249 CE. Analizamos distintas variables clínicas e histológicas. Hemos usado diversas técnicas de inmunohistoquímica (método de inmunoperoxidasa) para valorar si existía diferenciación anexial.

Resultados

Observamos 96 CE con más de un 25% de células claras. Existe más cantidad de células claras en los CE desarrollados o «no incipientes» y en los derivados de enfermedad de Bowen (EB). Describimos dos patrones histológicos: a) células claras alrededor de las perlas córneas del CE, que se asocia a la existencia de queratosis actínica como lesión previa y a signos indirectos de virus del papiloma humano (VPH) en infundíbulos pilosos, y b) células claras que simulan diferenciación anexial, relacionado con EB como lesión previa. También hemos encontrado 19 carcinomas con verdadera diferenciación anexial.

Conclusiones

Es frecuente observar células claras en los CE, aunque solo algunos presentan una gran cantidad. El desarrollo de células claras en los CE sería progresivo y solo aparecería en los CE más desarrollados. Cuando se observan células claras en los CE, se tiende a pensar que existe diferenciación anexial, sin embargo, en la mayoría de casos se trataría solo de EB de células claras que infiltra estructuras anexiales normales. En un pequeño porcentaje de casos (7,6% en nuestro estudio) sí existe verdadera diferenciación anexial. Por otra parte, el patrón histológico descrito como células claras alrededor de perlas córneas prácticamente nos descartaría dicha diferenciación.

Palabras clave:
células claras
carcinoma espinocelular
piel
dermatopatología
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This study was awarded the 2007-2008 August C. Stiefel Research Prize.

Copyright © 2009. Academia Española de Dermatología y Venereología and Elsevier España, S.L.
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