Información del artículo
Abstract
This text compiles a histological protocol proposal for cutaneous melanoma agreed by the Task Force for Cutaneous Melanoma of the Valencian Community. It brings together the protocol itself and, in addition, includes a description of each of the proposed variables that has shown to have a greater prognostic impact in previous works.
Key words:
melanoma
histology
protocol
Resumen
En este texto se describe una propuesta de protocolo histológico para el melanoma cutáneo realizado de forma consensuada por el Grupo de Trabajo para el Melanoma Cutáneo de la Comunidad Valenciana. En él se recoge el propio protocolo y, además, incluye la descripción de cada una de las variables propuestas que ha demostrado tener un mayor impacto en el pronóstico en los trabajos previos.
Palabras clave:
melanoma
histología
protocolo
El Texto completo está disponible en PDF
References
[1.]
W.H. Clark Jr., L. From, E.A. Bernardino, M.C. Mihm.
The histogenesis and biologic behavior of primary human malignant melanomas of the skin.
Cancer Res, 29 (1969), pp. 705-727
[2.]
A. Breslow.
Thickness, cross-sectional areas and depth of invasion in the prognosis of cutaneous melanoma.
Ann Surg, 172 (1970), pp. 902-908
[3.]
C.M. Balch, S.J. Soong, J.E. Gershenwald, J.F. Thompson, D.S. Reintgen, N. Cascinelli, et al.
Prognostic factors analysis of 17,600 melanoma patients: validation of the American Joint Committee on Cancer melanoma staging system.
J Clin Oncol, 19 (2001), pp. 3622-3634
[4.]
R.T. Vollmer.
Malignant melanoma. A multivariate analysis of prognostic factors.
Pathol Annu, 24 (1989), pp. 383-407
[5.]
M.F. Azzola, H.M. Shaw, J.F. Thompson, S.J. Soong, R.A. Scolyer, G.F. Watson, et al.
Tumor mitotic rate is a more powerful prognostic indicator than ulceration in patients with primary cutaneous melanoma: an analysis of 3,661 patients from a single center.
Cancer, 97 (2003), pp. 1488-1498
[6.]
A.J. Worth, R.P. Gallagher, J.M. Elwood, P.C. Yang, C. Lamb, J.J. Spinelli, et al.
Pathologic prognostic factors for cutaneous malignant melanoma: the Western Canada Melanoma Study.
Int J Cancer, 43 (1989), pp. 370-375
[7.]
R.L. Barnhill, J.A. Fine, G.C. Roush, M. Berwick.
Predicting five-year outcome for patients with cutaneous melanoma in a population-based study.
Cancer, 78 (1996), pp. 427-432
[8.]
H. Ostmeier, B. Fuchs, F. Otto, R. Mawick, A. Lippold, V. Krieg, et al.
Can immunohistochemical markers and mitotic rate improve prognostic precision in patients with primary melanoma?.
Cancer, 85 (1999), pp. 2391-2399
[9.]
C.M. Balch, A.C. Buzaid, S.J. Soong, M.B. Atkins, N. Cascinelli, D.G. Coit, et al.
Final version of the American Joint Committee on Cancer staging system for cutaneous melanoma.
J Clin Oncol, 19 (2001), pp. 3635-3648
[10.]
M. Thorn, F. Ponten, R. Bergstrom, P. Sparen, H.O. Adami.
Clinical and histopathologic predictors of survival in patients with malignant melanoma: a population-based study in Sweden.
J Natl Cancer Inst, 86 (1994), pp. 761-769
[11.]
A. Masback, H. Olsson, J. Westerdahl, C. Ingvar, N. Jonsson.
Prognostic factors in invasive cutaneous malignant melanoma: a population-based study and review.
Melanoma Res, 11 (2001), pp. 435-445
[12.]
B.J. Averbook, P. Fu, J.S. Rao, E.G. Mansour.
A long-term analysis of 1,018 patients with melanoma by classic Cox regression and tree-structured survival analysis at a major referral center: Implications on the future of cancer staging.
Surgery, 132 (2002), pp. 589-602
[13.]
F. Levi, L. Randimbison, C. La Vecchia, V.C. Te, S. Franceschi.
Prognostic factors for cutaneous malignant melanoma in Vaud, Switzerland.
Int J Cancer, 78 (1998), pp. 315-319
[14.]
R.M. MacKie, T. Aitchison, J.M. Sirel, K. McLaren, D.C. Watt.
Prognostic models for subgroups of melanoma patients from the Scottish Melanoma Group database 1979-86, and their subsequent validation.
Br J Cancer, 71 (1995), pp. 173-176
[15.]
C.M. Balch, S.J. Soong, T.M. Murad, A.L. Ingalls, W.A. Maddox.
A multifactorial analysis of melanoma. II. Prognostic factors in patients with stage I (localized) melanoma.
Surgery, 86 (1979), pp. 343-351
[16.]
A. Barth, L.A. Wanek, D.L. Morton.
Prognostic factors in 1,521 melanoma patients with distant metastases.
J Am Coll Surg, 181 (1995), pp. 193-201
[17.]
M.S. Blois, R.W. Sagebiel, R.M. Abarbanel, T.M. Caldwell, M.S. Tuttle.
Malignant melanoma of the skin. I. The association of tumor depth and type, and patient sex, age, and site with survival.
Cancer, 52 (1983), pp. 1330-1341
[18.]
C.G. Clemente, M.C. Mihm Jr., R. Bufalino, S. Zurrida, P. Collini, N. Cascinelli.
Prognostic value of tumor infiltrating lymphocytes in the vertical growth phase of primary cutaneous melanoma.
Cancer, 77 (1996), pp. 1303-1310
[19.]
C.L. Day Jr., T.J. Harrist, F. Gorstein, A.J. Sober, R.A. Lew, R.J. Friedman, et al.
Malignant melanoma. Prognostic significance of “microscopic satellites” in the reticular dermis and subcutaneous fat.
Ann Surg, 194 (1981), pp. 108-112
[20.]
K.T. Drzewiecki, H. Frydman, K. Andersen, H. Poulsen, C. Ladefoged, P. Vibe.
Malignant melanoma. Changing trends in factors influencing metastasis-free survival from 1964 to 1982.
Cancer, 65 (1990), pp. 362-366
[21.]
D. Elder.
Tumor progression, early diagnosis and prognosis of melanoma.
Acta Oncol, 38 (1999), pp. 535-547
[22.]
A.B. Francken, H.M. Shaw, J.F. Thompson, S.J. Soong, N.A. Accortt, M.F. Azzola, et al.
The prognostic importance of tumor mitotic rate confirmed in 1,317 patients with primary cutaneous melanoma and long follow-up.
Ann Surg Oncol, 11 (2004), pp. 426-433
[23.]
D.T. Guerry, M. Synnestvedt, D.E. Elder, D. Schultz.
Lessons from tumor progression: the invasive radial growth phase of melanoma is common, incapable of metastasis, and indolent.
J Invest Dermatol, 100 (1993), pp. 342S-345S
[24.]
T.J. Harrist, D.S. Rigel, C.L. Day Jr., A.J. Sober, R.A. Lew, A.R. Rhodes, et al.
“Microscopic satellites” are more highly associated with regional lymph node metastases than is primary melanoma thickness.
Cancer, 53 (1984), pp. 2183-2187
[25.]
E.C. Hsueh, A. Lucci, K. Qi, D.L. Morton.
Survival of patients with melanoma of the lower extremity decreases with distance from the trunk.
Cancer, 85 (1999), pp. 383-388
[26.]
M. Kashani-Sabet, R.W. Sagebiel, C.M. Ferreira, M. Nosrati, J.R. Miller 3rd.
Vascular involvement in the prognosis of primary cutaneous melanoma.
Arch Dermatol, 137 (2001), pp. 1169-1173
[27.]
S.B. Kesmodel, G.C. Karakousis, J.D. Botbyl, R.J. Canter, R.T. Lewis, P.M. Wahl, et al.
Mitotic rate as a predictor of sentinel lymph node positivity in patients with thin melanomas.
Ann Surg Oncol, 12 (2005), pp. 449-458
[28.]
P. Leon, J.M. Daly, M. Synnestvedt, D.J. Schultz, D.E. Elder, W.H. Clark Jr..
The prognostic implications of microscopic satellites in patients with clinical stage I melanoma.
Arch Surg, 126 (1991), pp. 1461-1468
[29.]
V.J. McGovern, H.M. Shaw, G.W. Milton, G.A. Farago.
Lymphocytic infiltration and survival in malignant melanoma.
Pathology of malignant melanoma, pp. 341
[30.]
V.J. McGovern, H.M. Shaw, G.W. Milton.
Prognosis in patients with thin malignant melanoma: influence of regression.
Histopathology, 7 (1983), pp. 673-680
[31.]
C. Schmoeckel, A. Bockelbrink, H. Bockelbrink, J. Koutsis, O. Braun-Falco.
Low-and high-risk malignant melanoma–I. Evaluation of clinical and histological prognosticators in 585 cases.
Eur J Cancer Clin Oncol, 19 (1983), pp. 227-235
[32.]
W.K. Stadelmann, D.P. Rapaport, S.J. Soong, D.S. Reintgen, A.C. Buzaid, C.M. Balch.
Prognostic clinical and pathologic features.
Cutaneous melanoma, pp. 11-36
[33.]
K.A. Vossaert, M.K. Silverman, A.W. Kopf, R.S. Bart, D.S. Rigel, R.J. Friedman, et al.
Influence of gender on survival in patients with stage I malignant melanoma.
J Am Acad Dermatol, 26 (1992), pp. 429-440
[34.]
E. Nagore, V. Oliver, R. Botella-Estrada, S. Moreno-Picot, A. Insa, J.M. Fortea.
Prognostic factors in localized invasive cutaneous melanoma: high value of mitotic rate, vascular invasion and microscopic satellitosis.
Melanoma Res, 15 (2005), pp. 169-177
[35.]
E. Nagore Enguidanos, V. Oliver Martínez, R. Botella Estrada, A. Insa Molla, J.M. Fortea Baixauli.
Factores pronósticos en el melanoma maligno cutáneo localizado: estudio de 639 pacientes.
Med Clin (Barc), 124 (2005), pp. 361-367
[36.]
R.A. Scolyer, H.M. Shaw, J.F. Thompson, L.X. Li, M.H. Colman, S.K. Lo, et al.
Interobserver reproducibility of histopathologic prognostic variables in primary cutaneous melanomas.
Am J Surg Pathol, 27 (2003), pp. 1571-1576
[37.]
P.J. Heenan, L.R. Matz, J.B. Blackwell, G.R. Kelsall, A. Singh, R.E. Ten Seldam, et al.
Inter-observer variation between pathologists in the classification of cutaneous malignant melanoma in western Australia.
Histopathology, 8 (1984), pp. 717-729
[38.]
A.N. Crowson, C.M. Magro, M.C. Mihm.
Prognosticators of melanoma, the melanoma report, and the sentinel lymph node.
Mod Pathol, 19 (2006), pp. S71-S87
[39.]
R.L. Barnhill, M.C. Mihm Jr..
Histopathology and precursor lesions.
Cutaneous melanoma, pp. 103-133
[40.]
V.J. McGovern, A.J. Cochran, E.P. Van der Esch, J.H. Little, R. MacLennan.
The classification of malignant melanoma, its histological reporting and registration: a revision of the 1972 Sydney classification.
Pathology, 18 (1986), pp. 12-21
[41.]
S.W. McCarthy, K.A. Crotty, R.A. Scolyer.
Desmoplastic melanoma and desmoplastic neurotropic melanoma.
Pathology and genetics of skin tumours, pp. 76-78
[42.]
R.L. Barnhill, J. Katzen, A. Spatz, J. Fine, M. Berwick.
The importance of mitotic rate as a prognostic factor for localized cutaneous melanoma.
J Cutan Pathol, 32 (2005), pp. 268-273
[43.]
N.C. McDermott, D.P. Hayes, M.H. al-Sader, J.M. Hogan, C.B. Walsh, E.W. Kay, et al.
Identification of vertical growth phase in malignant melanoma. A study of interobserver agreement.
Am J Clin Pathol, 110 (1998), pp. 753-757
[44.]
S.M. Swetter, P.M. Ecker, D.L. Johnson, J.D. Harvell.
Primary dermal melanoma: a distinct subtype of melanoma.
Arch Dermatol, 140 (2004), pp. 99-103
[45.]
C.L. Day Jr., M.C. Mihm Jr., R.A. Lew, M.N. Harris, A.W. Kopf, T.B. Fitzpatrick, et al.
Prognostic factors for patients with clinical stage I melanoma of intermediate thickness (1.51-3.39mm). A conceptual model for tumor growth and metastasis.
Ann Surg, 195 (1982), pp. 35-43
[46.]
J. Guitart, L. Lowe, M. Piepkorn, V.G. Prieto, M.S. Rabkin, S.G. Ronan, et al.
Histological characteristics of metastasizing thin melanomas: a case-control study of 43 cases.
Arch Dermatol, 138 (2002), pp. 603-608
[47.]
S.G. Ronan, A.M. Eng, H.A. Briele, N.N. Shioura, T.K. Das Gupta.
Thin malignant melanomas with regression and metastases.
Arch Dermatol, 123 (1987), pp. 1326-1330
[48.]
K. Sondergaard, K. Hou-Jensen.
Partial regression in thin primary cutaneous malignant melanomas clinical stage I. A study of 486 cases.
Virchows Arch A Pathol Anat Histopathol, 408 (1985), pp. 241-247
[49.]
J.M. Mascaró, M. Molgo, T. Castel, J. Castro.
Plasma cells within the infiltrate of primary cutaneous malignant melanoma of the skin. A confirmation of its histoprognostic value.
Am J Dermatopathol, 9 (1987), pp. 497-499
[50.]
J.W. Kelly, R.W. Sagebiel, W. Calderon, L. Murillo, R.L. Dakin, M.S. Blois.
The frequency of local recurrence and microsatellites as a guide to reexcision margins for cutaneous malignant melanoma.
Ann Surg, 200 (1984), pp. 759-763
[51.]
L. Shaikh, R.W. Sagebiel, C.M. Ferreira, M. Nosrati, J.R. Miller 3rd, M. Kashani-Sabet.
The role of microsatellites as a prognostic factor in primary malignant melanoma.
Arch Dermatol, 141 (2005), pp. 739-742
[52.]
R.J. Friedman, D.S. Rigel, A.W. Kopf, L. Lieblich, R. Lew, M.N. Harris, et al.
Favorable prognosis for malignant melanomas associated with acquired melanocytic nevi.
Arch Dermatol, 119 (1983), pp. 455-462
[53.]
J.A. Curtin, J. Fridlyand, T. Kageshita, H.N. Patel, K.J. Busam, H. Kutzner, et al.
Distinct sets of genetic alterations in melanoma.
N Engl J Med, 353 (2005), pp. 2135-2147
Copyright © 2007. Academia Española de Dermatología y Venereología and Elsevier España, S.L.
