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Vol. 100. Núm. 6.
Páginas 445-455 (agosto 2009)
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Vol. 100. Núm. 6.
Páginas 445-455 (agosto 2009)
Review article
Acceso a texto completo
Oral Contraceptives in Dermatology
Contracepción Hormonal Oral en Dermatología
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B. Sanchoa, A. Guerra-Tapiab,
Autor para correspondencia
aguerra.hdoc@salud.madrid.org

Correspondence: Servicio de Dermatología, Hospital Universitario 12 de octubre, Avda. de Córdoba, s/n, 28041 Madrid, Spain.
a Servicio de Ginecología, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain
b Servicio de Dermatología, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain
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Resumen
Bibliografía
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Abstract

Patients with hyperandrogenic syndromes and diseases exacerbated by pregnancy and those taking common dermatologic drugs associated with risk to the fetus require prescription of contraceptives by the dermatologist. In healthy, nonsmoking women, oral contraception does not increase the risk of cerebral or cardiac vascular disease and is associated with major benefits besides avoiding pregnancy. These include prevention of ovarian and endometrial carcinoma, ectopic pregnancy, pelvic inflammatory disease, ovulation pain, and menstrual cycle disorders. This article will review the mechanism of action, side effects, health risks, contraindications, initiation of the oral contraceptive regimen, and patient follow-up, as well as interactions between contraceptives and other drugs.

Key words:
androgenization
congenital abnormalities
oral contraceptives
adverse effects
indications
noncontraceptive benefits
Resumen

Tanto los síndromes de androgenización y las enfermedades que empeoran con el embarazo, como la medicación de riesgo para el feto de uso habitual en Dermatología precisan la prescripción de contraceptivos por parte del dermatólogo. En mujeres sanas, no fumadoras, la anticoncepción oral no aumenta el riesgo de enfermedad cardiovascular (cerebral o cardiaca), y está asociada a grandes beneficios no anticonceptivos, incluidos la importante prevención del carcinoma de ovario y de endometrio, de la gestación ectópica, la enfermedad inflamatoria pélvica, el dolor ovulatorio y los trastornos del ciclo menstrual. Se revisan el mecanismo de acción, los efectos secundarios, los riesgos para la salud, las contraindicaciones, el inicio y el seguimiento del uso de los anticonceptivos orales, así como las interacciones de los anticonceptivos con otros fármacos.

Palabras clave:
androgenización
teratogenia
anticoncepción oral
efectos adversos
indicaciones
beneficios no anticonceptivos
El Texto completo está disponible en PDF
References
[1.]
L. Speroff, M.A. Fritz.
Clinical Gynecologic Endocrinology and Infertility. Chapter 22: Oral Contraception.
7th ed., Lippincott, Williams and Wilkins, (2006),
[2.]
Grupo de trabajo sobre anticoncepción hormonal oral.
Manual de anticoncepción hormonal oral.
Ed. Carlos Buil Rada, (1997),
[3.]
P. Lopes, S.R. Killick.
The new option in low dose oral contraception.
The Parthenon Publishing Group, (1996),
[4.]
Sociedad Española de Contracepción. Conferencia de Consenso sobre Anticoncepción. Toledo 2-5 de octubre, 1997.
[5.]
C.A. Frye.
An overview of oral contraceptives: mechanism of action and clinical use.
Neurology, 6 (2006), pp. 29-36
[6.]
F.W. Wing, P. Duff.
Gynecology. Principles for practice. Chapter 42: Contraception.
McGraw-Hill, (2001),
Copyright © 2009. Academia Española de Dermatología y Venereología and Elsevier España, S.L.
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