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    "textoCompleto" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSections"><span id="sec0005" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0005">Clinical History</span><p id="par0005" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">A 22-year-old man consulted the dermatology department with a lesion on his right scapula&#46; The lesion had been present since birth&#44; was sometimes painful&#44; and bled with friction&#46; He reported that the lesion had been treated with cryotherapy when he was an adolescent&#46; Nevertheless&#44; the lesion persisted and had gradually increased in size&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0010" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0010">Physical Examination</span><p id="par0010" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The lesion comprised several papules and tumors arranged linearly on the right scapula&#46; These were pink&#44; differed in size between 0&#46;5 and 3<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>cm in diameter&#44; and had a pedunculated base&#46; The spherical parts were covered with smooth&#44; shiny skin&#44; and many had a marked layer of yellowish&#44; blackish hyperkeratosis that was spiked and crateriform in appearance &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0005">Fig&#46; 1</a>&#41;&#46; The whole lesion measured 9&#46;5<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#215;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>3<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>cm&#46;</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="fig0005"></elsevierMultimedia></span><span id="sec0015" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0015">Histopathology</span><p id="par0015" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Histopathology revealed numerous cystic lesions that were invaginated from the epidermis and several exophytic papillomatous lesions covered by squamous epithelium with hyperkeratosis&#46; The deepest area comprised a double-layered epithelium &#40;the internal layer formed by cylindrical cells and the external layer formed by cuboidal myoepithelial cells&#41;&#46; The underlying stroma was rich in plasma cells &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0010">Fig&#46; 2</a>&#41;&#46;</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="fig0010"></elsevierMultimedia><p id="par0020" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">What is your diagnosis&#63;</p></span><span id="sec0020" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0020">Diagnosis</span><p id="par0025" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Congenital linear syringocystadenoma papilliferum&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0025" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0025">Course and Treatment</span><p id="par0030" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Given that the lesion was causing the patient some discomfort&#44; we removed it surgically using shave excision and electrocoagulation&#46; No recurrences have been observed in the last 2 years&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0030" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0030">Comment</span><p id="par0035" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Syringocystadenoma papilliferum is an uncommon benign hamartomatous adnexal tumor&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0035"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">1</span></a> While its pathogenesis remains unclear&#44; it is thought to result from pluripotent cells with eccrine differentiation and&#44; more frequently&#44; apocrine differentiation&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0040"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span></a></p><p id="par0040" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The tumor typically affects children and adolescents&#59; in fact&#44; it is congenital in half of all cases&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0045"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">3</span></a> Clinical presentation is variable&#44; ranging from a solitary papule &#40;the most common manifestation&#41; to several nodules arranged linearly&#44; as in the present case&#44; and often with a hyperkeratotic center&#46; During adolescence&#44; it tends to increase in size and become more verrucous&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0050"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">4</span></a></p><p id="par0045" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The most common locations are the scalp&#44; face&#44; and neck &#40;75&#37;&#41;&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0055"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">5</span></a> Less common sites include the abdomen&#44; arm&#44; axilla&#44; breast&#44; back&#44; buttock&#44; and vulva&#46; The lesion has been reported on the back in only 4 cases&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0060"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">6</span></a></p><p id="par0050" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Syringocystadenoma papilliferum may appear alongside other benign adnexal tumors&#44; such as tubular apocrine adenoma&#44; hidradenoma papilliferum&#44; and trichoblastoma&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0040"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span></a> In 30&#37; of cases&#44; the tumor originates within a nevus sebaceus of Jadassohn&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0050"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">4</span></a> Basal cell carcinoma has been reported in 10&#37; of cases&#46; Other&#44; more unusual associated malignant neoplasms include squamous cell carcinoma and syringocystadenocarcinoma papilliferum&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0045"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">3</span></a> Ulceration and&#47;or rapid growth are indicative of malignant transformation&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0035"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">1</span></a></p><p id="par0055" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The differential diagnosis should include basal cell carcinoma&#44; squamous cell carcinoma&#44; and cysts&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0035"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">1</span></a> Diagnosis must be confirmed by biopsy&#46; Hematoxylin-eosin staining reveals epithelial projections toward the dermis with tubular structures that connect to the surface and are composed of a double layer of cells&#58; the external layer comprises cuboidal cells and the internal layer cylindrical cells&#46; The stroma is rich in plasma cells&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0040"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span></a></p><p id="par0060" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Treatment is based on surgical excision&#44; although CO<span class="elsevierStyleInf">2</span> laser treatment is a good alternative when the location makes surgery difficult&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0035" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0035">Conflicts of Interest</span><p id="par0065" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest&#46;</p></span></span>"
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Case for Diagnosis
Tumors Distributed Linearly Near the Scapula in a Young Man
Tumoraciones con distribución lineal en la región escapular de un varón joven
M. Morales-Condea,
Autor para correspondencia
macarena.moralesconde@gmail.com

Corresponding author.
, J. Raya-Maldonadoa, B. García-Bravoa, J.J. Ríos-Martinb
a Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Dermatología, Hospital Universitario Virgen Macarena, Sevilla, España
b Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Anatomía Patológica, Hospital Universitario Virgen Macarena, Sevilla, España
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        "titulo" => "Tumoraciones con distribuci&#243;n lineal en la regi&#243;n escapular de un var&#243;n joven"
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    "textoCompleto" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSections"><span id="sec0005" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0005">Clinical History</span><p id="par0005" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">A 22-year-old man consulted the dermatology department with a lesion on his right scapula&#46; The lesion had been present since birth&#44; was sometimes painful&#44; and bled with friction&#46; He reported that the lesion had been treated with cryotherapy when he was an adolescent&#46; Nevertheless&#44; the lesion persisted and had gradually increased in size&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0010" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0010">Physical Examination</span><p id="par0010" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The lesion comprised several papules and tumors arranged linearly on the right scapula&#46; These were pink&#44; differed in size between 0&#46;5 and 3<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>cm in diameter&#44; and had a pedunculated base&#46; The spherical parts were covered with smooth&#44; shiny skin&#44; and many had a marked layer of yellowish&#44; blackish hyperkeratosis that was spiked and crateriform in appearance &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0005">Fig&#46; 1</a>&#41;&#46; The whole lesion measured 9&#46;5<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#215;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>3<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>cm&#46;</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="fig0005"></elsevierMultimedia></span><span id="sec0015" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0015">Histopathology</span><p id="par0015" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Histopathology revealed numerous cystic lesions that were invaginated from the epidermis and several exophytic papillomatous lesions covered by squamous epithelium with hyperkeratosis&#46; The deepest area comprised a double-layered epithelium &#40;the internal layer formed by cylindrical cells and the external layer formed by cuboidal myoepithelial cells&#41;&#46; The underlying stroma was rich in plasma cells &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0010">Fig&#46; 2</a>&#41;&#46;</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="fig0010"></elsevierMultimedia><p id="par0020" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">What is your diagnosis&#63;</p></span><span id="sec0020" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0020">Diagnosis</span><p id="par0025" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Congenital linear syringocystadenoma papilliferum&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0025" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0025">Course and Treatment</span><p id="par0030" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Given that the lesion was causing the patient some discomfort&#44; we removed it surgically using shave excision and electrocoagulation&#46; No recurrences have been observed in the last 2 years&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0030" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0030">Comment</span><p id="par0035" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Syringocystadenoma papilliferum is an uncommon benign hamartomatous adnexal tumor&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0035"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">1</span></a> While its pathogenesis remains unclear&#44; it is thought to result from pluripotent cells with eccrine differentiation and&#44; more frequently&#44; apocrine differentiation&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0040"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span></a></p><p id="par0040" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The tumor typically affects children and adolescents&#59; in fact&#44; it is congenital in half of all cases&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0045"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">3</span></a> Clinical presentation is variable&#44; ranging from a solitary papule &#40;the most common manifestation&#41; to several nodules arranged linearly&#44; as in the present case&#44; and often with a hyperkeratotic center&#46; During adolescence&#44; it tends to increase in size and become more verrucous&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0050"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">4</span></a></p><p id="par0045" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The most common locations are the scalp&#44; face&#44; and neck &#40;75&#37;&#41;&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0055"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">5</span></a> Less common sites include the abdomen&#44; arm&#44; axilla&#44; breast&#44; back&#44; buttock&#44; and vulva&#46; The lesion has been reported on the back in only 4 cases&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0060"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">6</span></a></p><p id="par0050" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Syringocystadenoma papilliferum may appear alongside other benign adnexal tumors&#44; such as tubular apocrine adenoma&#44; hidradenoma papilliferum&#44; and trichoblastoma&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0040"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span></a> In 30&#37; of cases&#44; the tumor originates within a nevus sebaceus of Jadassohn&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0050"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">4</span></a> Basal cell carcinoma has been reported in 10&#37; of cases&#46; Other&#44; more unusual associated malignant neoplasms include squamous cell carcinoma and syringocystadenocarcinoma papilliferum&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0045"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">3</span></a> Ulceration and&#47;or rapid growth are indicative of malignant transformation&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0035"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">1</span></a></p><p id="par0055" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The differential diagnosis should include basal cell carcinoma&#44; squamous cell carcinoma&#44; and cysts&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0035"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">1</span></a> Diagnosis must be confirmed by biopsy&#46; Hematoxylin-eosin staining reveals epithelial projections toward the dermis with tubular structures that connect to the surface and are composed of a double layer of cells&#58; the external layer comprises cuboidal cells and the internal layer cylindrical cells&#46; The stroma is rich in plasma cells&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0040"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span></a></p><p id="par0060" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Treatment is based on surgical excision&#44; although CO<span class="elsevierStyleInf">2</span> laser treatment is a good alternative when the location makes surgery difficult&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0035" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0035">Conflicts of Interest</span><p id="par0065" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest&#46;</p></span></span>"
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