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A partial response was achieved after 12 months of treatment (B and D) (patient 16 in <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0005">Table 1</a>).</p>" ] ] ] "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "autoresLista" => "E. Bernia, B. Llombart, C. Serra-Guillén, B. Bancalari, E. Nagore, C. Requena, L. Calomarde, A. Diago, J. Lavernia, V. Traves, C. Guillén, O. Sanmartín" "autores" => array:12 [ 0 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "E." "apellidos" => "Bernia" ] 1 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "B." "apellidos" => "Llombart" ] 2 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "C." "apellidos" => "Serra-Guillén" ] 3 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "B." "apellidos" => "Bancalari" ] 4 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "E." "apellidos" => "Nagore" ] 5 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "C." "apellidos" => "Requena" ] 6 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "L." "apellidos" => "Calomarde" ] 7 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "A." "apellidos" => "Diago" ] 8 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "J." "apellidos" => "Lavernia" ] 9 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "V." "apellidos" => "Traves" ] 10 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "C." "apellidos" => "Guillén" ] 11 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "O." "apellidos" => "Sanmartín" ] ] ] ] ] "idiomaDefecto" => "en" "Traduccion" => array:1 [ "es" => array:9 [ "pii" => "S0001731018303181" "doi" => "10.1016/j.ad.2018.06.003" "estado" => "S300" "subdocumento" => "" "abierto" => array:3 [ "ES" => true "ES2" => true "LATM" => true ] "gratuito" => true "lecturas" => array:1 [ "total" => 0 ] "idiomaDefecto" => "es" "EPUB" => "https://multimedia.elsevier.es/PublicationsMultimediaV1/item/epub/S0001731018303181?idApp=UINPBA000044" ] ] "EPUB" => "https://multimedia.elsevier.es/PublicationsMultimediaV1/item/epub/S1578219018303160?idApp=UINPBA000044" "url" => "/15782190/0000010900000009/v1_201811020640/S1578219018303160/v1_201811020640/en/main.assets" ] "en" => array:15 [ "idiomaDefecto" => true "cabecera" => "<span class="elsevierStyleTextfn">Cases for Diagnosis</span>" "titulo" => "Rapidly Growing Lesion on the Chest" "tieneTextoCompleto" => true "paginas" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "paginaInicial" => "821" "paginaFinal" => "822" ] ] "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "autoresLista" => "G. González-López, R.M. Ceballos-Rodríguez, E. García-Fernández" "autores" => array:3 [ 0 => array:4 [ "nombre" => "G." "apellidos" => "González-López" "email" => array:1 [ 0 => "gui.gonzalez89@gmail.com" ] "referencia" => array:2 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">a</span>" "identificador" => "aff0005" ] 1 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">*</span>" "identificador" => "cor0005" ] ] ] 1 => array:3 [ "nombre" => "R.M." "apellidos" => "Ceballos-Rodríguez" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">a</span>" "identificador" => "aff0005" ] ] ] 2 => array:3 [ "nombre" => "E." "apellidos" => "García-Fernández" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">b</span>" "identificador" => "aff0010" ] ] ] ] "afiliaciones" => array:2 [ 0 => array:3 [ "entidad" => "Servicio de Dermatología, Hospital Universitario La Paz, Madrid, España" "etiqueta" => "a" "identificador" => "aff0005" ] 1 => array:3 [ "entidad" => "Servicio de Anatomía Patológica, Hospital Universitario La Paz, Madrid, España" "etiqueta" => "b" "identificador" => "aff0010" ] ] "correspondencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "cor0005" "etiqueta" => "⁎" "correspondencia" => "Corresponding author." ] ] ] ] "titulosAlternativos" => array:1 [ "es" => array:1 [ "titulo" => "Tumoración de rápido crecimiento en la zona anterior del tórax" ] ] "resumenGrafico" => array:2 [ "original" => 0 "multimedia" => array:7 [ "identificador" => "fig0010" "etiqueta" => "Figure 2" "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIAFIGURA" "mostrarFloat" => true "mostrarDisplay" => false "figura" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "imagen" => "gr2.jpeg" "Alto" => 560 "Ancho" => 750 "Tamanyo" => 140531 ] ] "descripcion" => array:1 [ "en" => "<p id="spar0005" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Hematoxylin-eosin, original magnification ×40.</p>" ] ] ] "textoCompleto" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSections"><span id="sec0005" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0005">Medical History</span><p id="par0005" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">A 72-year-old man with a history of ischemic heart disease presented with an asymptomatic lesion in the midchest region. The lesion had appeared as a flat brown plaque a month earlier but had since grown and become ulcerated. The patient denied fever, asthenia, and weight loss.</p></span><span id="sec0010" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0010">Physical Examination</span><p id="par0010" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The examination revealed a brownish, indurated, ulcerated 4.5-cm plaque in the midchest region (<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0005">Fig. 1</a>) accompanied by a nonulcerated satellite lesion with a diameter of 2cm. The peripheral lymph nodes were not palpable.</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="fig0005"></elsevierMultimedia></span><span id="sec0015" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0015">Histopathology</span><p id="par0015" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Biopsy of the larger lesion showed a monomorphic, dense, diffuse infiltrate occupying the entire dermis, without extension into the hypodermis. There were no signs of epidermotropism or invasion of adjacent structures or blood vessels. The infiltrate was composed of medium-sized cells with fine chromatin and 1 or 2 nucleoli (<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0010">Fig. 2</a>). The immunohistochemical study showed positive results for CD4, CD56, CD123, and TdT (<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0015">Fig. 3</a>) and negative results for other T-cell markers (CD3, CD5, CD8, and perforin). Negative results were also observed for B cell markers (CD20), myeloid markers (myeloperoxidase), and EBER.</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="fig0010"></elsevierMultimedia><elsevierMultimedia ident="fig0015"></elsevierMultimedia></span><span id="sec0020" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0020">Additional Tests</span><p id="par0020" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Positron emission tomography/computed tomography results were negative except for the skin mass. A bone marrow biopsy and peripheral blood smear showed no extracutaneous involvement.</p><p id="par0025" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">What Is Your Diagnosis?</p></span><span id="sec0025" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0025">Diagnosis</span><p id="par0030" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Blastic plasmacytoid dendritic cell neoplasm (BPDCN).</p></span><span id="sec0030" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0030">Clinical Course and Treatment</span><p id="par0035" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Induction therapy was started with idarubicin on days 1 and 2 and cytarabine on days 1 to 5. This was followed by consolidation therapy with intermediate doses of cytarabine at 1 and 2 months. The treatment resulted in complete resolution of the lesions. Maintenance therapy was not administered. There have been no signs of recurrence in the 6 months following treatment initiation.</p></span><span id="sec0035" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0035">Comment</span><p id="par0040" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">BPDCN is an aggressive malignant hematologic disease that is included in the 2016 revision of the World Health Organization classification of myeloid neoplasms and acute leukemia.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0030"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">1</span></a> It is thought to originate in CD4<span class="elsevierStyleSup">+</span> and CD123<span class="elsevierStyleSup">+</span> plasmacytoid dendritic cells, although according to a recent study, it might originate in a subtype of CD56<span class="elsevierStyleSup">+</span> myeloid dendritic cells.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0035"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span></a> It mainly affects elderly males.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0040"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">3</span></a></p><p id="par0045" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Dermatologists have a key role in the diagnosis of BPDCN, as the tumor starts with skin involvement in 85% of cases.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0045"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">4</span></a> The presenting lesions (≤<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>2) are localized in 50% of cases.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0045"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">4</span></a> Three clinical forms have been described: nodules (generally localized), ecchymotic macules, and generalized mixed lesions (nodules and macules).<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0045"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">4</span></a> The initial involvement is exclusively cutaneous in 64% of cases. In the remaining cases, the involvement is extracutaneous and generally affects the bone marrow, spleen, and lymph nodes.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0045"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">4,5</span></a> Peripheral blood involvement is detected by the identification of CD4<span class="elsevierStyleSup">+</span> CD56<span class="elsevierStyleSup">+</span> cells by flow cytometry.</p><p id="par0050" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Histologically, BPDCN is characterized by a diffuse infiltrate in the dermis and sometimes the hypodermis. The epidermis is spared. The infiltrate may be perivascular in the initial stages. Angioinvasion and angiodestruction are uncommon findings.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0050"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">5</span></a> Cells are medium-sized and have a blastoid morphology. Immunohistochemistry studies tend to be positive for CD4 and CD56 and for the plasmacytoid dendritic cell markers CD123, TCL-1, and CD303. They are negative for myeloid markers, such as lysozyme and myeloperoxidase, enabling differentiation between BPDCN and the main entity in the differential diagnosis: myeloid leukemia cutis. B-cell and T-cell markers are negative.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0050"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">5</span></a></p><p id="par0055" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Median survival is 15 months.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0045"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">4</span></a> Recent data have not shown any differences in survival between patients with localized and generalized BPDCN or between those with and without extracutaneous involvement at diagnosis.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0045"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">4</span></a> The treatment of choice is chemotherapy, although radiation therapy is an option for localized disease in elderly patients.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0040"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">3</span></a> Chemotherapy regimens used in acute lymphoblastic leukemia have shown the best results to date in BPDCN, with most patients showing complete response.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0040"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">3</span></a> Recurrence, however, is the norm and as such allogeneic hematopoietic transplantation is the only curative option for young patients without comorbidities.</p></span><span id="sec0040" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0040">Conflicts of Interest</span><p id="par0060" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest.</p></span></span>" "textoCompletoSecciones" => array:1 [ "secciones" => array:9 [ 0 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0005" "titulo" => "Medical History" ] 1 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0010" "titulo" => "Physical Examination" ] 2 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0015" "titulo" => "Histopathology" ] 3 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0020" "titulo" => "Additional Tests" ] 4 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0025" "titulo" => "Diagnosis" ] 5 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0030" "titulo" => "Clinical Course and Treatment" ] 6 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0035" "titulo" => "Comment" ] 7 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0040" "titulo" => "Conflicts of Interest" ] 8 => array:1 [ "titulo" => "References" ] ] ] "pdfFichero" => "main.pdf" "tienePdf" => true "NotaPie" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "☆" "nota" => "<p class="elsevierStyleNotepara" id="npar0005">Please cite this article as: González-López G, Ceballos-Rodríguez RM, García-Fernández E. Rapidly Growing Lesion on the Chest. Actas Dermosifiliogr. 2018;109:821–822.</p>" ] ] "multimedia" => array:3 [ 0 => array:6 [ "identificador" => "fig0005" "etiqueta" => "Figure 1" "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIAFIGURA" "mostrarFloat" => true "mostrarDisplay" => false "figura" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "imagen" => "gr1.jpeg" "Alto" => 563 "Ancho" => 750 "Tamanyo" => 57413 ] ] ] 1 => array:7 [ "identificador" => "fig0010" "etiqueta" => "Figure 2" "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIAFIGURA" "mostrarFloat" => true "mostrarDisplay" => false "figura" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "imagen" => "gr2.jpeg" "Alto" => 560 "Ancho" => 750 "Tamanyo" => 140531 ] ] "descripcion" => array:1 [ "en" => "<p id="spar0005" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Hematoxylin-eosin, original magnification ×40.</p>" ] ] 2 => array:7 [ "identificador" => "fig0015" "etiqueta" => "Figure 3" "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIAFIGURA" "mostrarFloat" => true "mostrarDisplay" => false "figura" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "imagen" => "gr3.jpeg" "Alto" => 570 "Ancho" => 750 "Tamanyo" => 170286 ] ] "descripcion" => array:1 [ "en" => "<p id="spar0010" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Inmunohistochemistry (CD56), original magnification ×20.</p>" ] ] ] "bibliografia" => array:2 [ "titulo" => "References" "seccion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "bibs0015" "bibliografiaReferencia" => array:5 [ 0 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0030" "etiqueta" => "1" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "The 2016 revision to the world health organization classification of myeloid neoplasms and acute leukemia" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => true "autores" => array:6 [ 0 => "D.A. 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año/Mes | Html | Total | |
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2024 Noviembre | 8 | 8 | 16 |
2024 Octubre | 59 | 39 | 98 |
2024 Septiembre | 57 | 24 | 81 |
2024 Agosto | 78 | 65 | 143 |
2024 Julio | 78 | 26 | 104 |
2024 Junio | 77 | 37 | 114 |
2024 Mayo | 61 | 28 | 89 |
2024 Abril | 64 | 29 | 93 |
2024 Marzo | 53 | 24 | 77 |
2024 Febrero | 44 | 33 | 77 |
2024 Enero | 55 | 32 | 87 |
2023 Diciembre | 42 | 19 | 61 |
2023 Noviembre | 52 | 27 | 79 |
2023 Octubre | 36 | 18 | 54 |
2023 Septiembre | 45 | 27 | 72 |
2023 Agosto | 16 | 18 | 34 |
2023 Julio | 30 | 26 | 56 |
2023 Junio | 30 | 25 | 55 |
2023 Mayo | 32 | 23 | 55 |
2023 Abril | 31 | 16 | 47 |
2023 Marzo | 67 | 31 | 98 |
2023 Febrero | 55 | 29 | 84 |
2023 Enero | 37 | 32 | 69 |
2022 Diciembre | 40 | 34 | 74 |
2022 Noviembre | 50 | 43 | 93 |
2022 Octubre | 25 | 29 | 54 |
2022 Septiembre | 20 | 36 | 56 |
2022 Agosto | 18 | 33 | 51 |
2022 Julio | 20 | 33 | 53 |
2022 Junio | 23 | 28 | 51 |
2022 Mayo | 28 | 35 | 63 |
2022 Abril | 27 | 39 | 66 |
2022 Marzo | 32 | 39 | 71 |
2022 Febrero | 32 | 21 | 53 |
2022 Enero | 30 | 51 | 81 |
2021 Diciembre | 26 | 45 | 71 |
2021 Noviembre | 33 | 53 | 86 |
2021 Octubre | 37 | 50 | 87 |
2021 Septiembre | 30 | 43 | 73 |
2021 Agosto | 37 | 32 | 69 |
2021 Julio | 26 | 25 | 51 |
2021 Junio | 24 | 28 | 52 |
2021 Mayo | 43 | 54 | 97 |
2021 Abril | 81 | 92 | 173 |
2021 Marzo | 56 | 38 | 94 |
2021 Febrero | 67 | 34 | 101 |
2021 Enero | 48 | 39 | 87 |
2020 Diciembre | 44 | 32 | 76 |
2020 Noviembre | 30 | 38 | 68 |
2020 Octubre | 23 | 23 | 46 |
2020 Septiembre | 25 | 19 | 44 |
2020 Agosto | 22 | 29 | 51 |
2020 Julio | 18 | 20 | 38 |
2020 Junio | 33 | 32 | 65 |
2020 Mayo | 17 | 15 | 32 |
2020 Abril | 22 | 16 | 38 |
2020 Marzo | 19 | 10 | 29 |
2020 Febrero | 3 | 2 | 5 |
2019 Mayo | 1 | 0 | 1 |
2018 Noviembre | 1 | 0 | 1 |