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asma y&#47;o rinoconjuntivitis al&#233;rgica&#44; por mayor riesgo de el ECI<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0065"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">3&#44;4&#44;7</span></a>&#46;</p></li><li class="elsevierStyleListItem" id="lsti0030"><span class="elsevierStyleLabel">&#8722;</span><p id="par0045" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Antecedentes personales de otras dermatosis&#46; La dermatitis seborreica presenta un aumento de los niveles de citoquina proinflamatoria interleuquina 1&#945; que origina un mayor riesgo de ECI<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0065"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">3</span></a>&#46;</p></li><li class="elsevierStyleListItem" id="lsti0035"><span class="elsevierStyleLabel">&#8722;</span><p id="par0050" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Factores gen&#233;ticos&#46; El polimorfismo de TNF&#945;-308 y las mutaciones del gen de la filagrina constituyen probablemente un factor de riesgo para el ECI<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0085"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">7</span></a>&#46;</p></li></ul></p></li><li class="elsevierStyleListItem" id="lsti0040"><span class="elsevierStyleLabel">c&#41;</span><p id="par0055" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Factores de exposici&#243;n&#58;<ul class="elsevierStyleList" id="lis0015"><li class="elsevierStyleListItem" id="lsti0045"><span class="elsevierStyleLabel">&#8722;</span><p id="par0060" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Exposiciones ocupacionales y dom&#233;sticas pasadas y presentes &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0005">tabla 1</a>&#41;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0055"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">1&#44;3&#8211;5</span></a>&#46; Averiguar el uso de medidas de protecci&#243;n personal como guantes&#44; gafas&#44; m&#225;scaras y uniformes&#46;</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="tbl0005"></elsevierMultimedia></li><li class="elsevierStyleListItem" id="lsti0050"><span class="elsevierStyleLabel">&#8722;</span><p id="par0065" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Exposici&#243;n a sustancias irritantes &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0010">tabla 2</a>&#41;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0065"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">3&#44;4</span></a>&#46;</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="tbl0010"></elsevierMultimedia></li><li class="elsevierStyleListItem" id="lsti0055"><span class="elsevierStyleLabel">&#8722;</span><p id="par0070" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Trabajo h&#250;medo&#58; se define como la exposici&#243;n al agua durante m&#225;s de 2<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>h al d&#237;a&#44; y&#47;o el lavado de manos m&#225;s de 20 veces al d&#237;a&#44; y&#47;o uso de guantes durante m&#225;s de 2<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>h al d&#237;a&#46;</p></li><li class="elsevierStyleListItem" id="lsti0060"><span class="elsevierStyleLabel">&#8722;</span><p id="par0075" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Actividades de ocio y aficiones&#46;</p></li><li class="elsevierStyleListItem" id="lsti0065"><span class="elsevierStyleLabel">&#8722;</span><p id="par0080" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Uso de productos para el cuidado de la piel&#44; perfumes&#44; cosm&#233;ticos&#44; metales&#44; medicamentos t&#243;picos&#46;</p></li></ul></p><p id="par0085" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Tambi&#233;n exponemos el procedimiento habitual con respecto a la exploraci&#243;n f&#237;sica completa&#58;<ul class="elsevierStyleList" id="lis0020"><li class="elsevierStyleListItem" id="lsti0070"><span class="elsevierStyleLabel">&#8722;</span><p id="par0090" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Descripci&#243;n de las lesiones eczematosas<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0055"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">1&#44;3&#8211;6&#44;9</span></a>&#58; localizaci&#243;n&#44; patr&#243;n &#40;agudo&#44; subagudo&#44; cr&#243;nico&#41;&#44; distribuci&#243;n &#40;&#250;nica&#44; parcheada&#44; lineal&#44; difusa&#44; diseminada&#41;&#44; morfolog&#237;a&#44; intensidad&#44; tama&#241;o&#44; palpaci&#243;n&#44; ulceraci&#243;n&#44; costras&#44; signos de sobreinfecci&#243;n&#44; hiperqueratosis y liquenificaci&#243;n&#46;</p></li><li class="elsevierStyleListItem" id="lsti0075"><span class="elsevierStyleLabel">&#8722;</span><p id="par0095" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Examen dermatol&#243;gico total incluyendo cuero cabelludo&#44; &#225;reas intertriginosas&#44; palmas&#44; plantas y u&#241;as&#46;</p></li><li class="elsevierStyleListItem" id="lsti0080"><span class="elsevierStyleLabel">&#8722;</span><p id="par0100" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Inspecci&#243;n cuidadosa de signos cl&#237;nicos de dermatofitosis&#44; psoriasis y atopia &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0015">tabla 3</a>&#41;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0055"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">1&#44;3&#8211;5&#44;10</span></a>&#46;</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="tbl0015"></elsevierMultimedia></li></ul></p></li></ul></p><p id="par0105" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Ante un exantema cut&#225;neo eritematoso pruriginoso con lesiones eczematosas deber&#237;an considerarse diversos diagn&#243;sticos diferenciales que incluyen dermatitis seborreica&#44; dermatitis at&#243;pica&#44; psoriasis&#44; ros&#225;cea eritematosa&#44; eczema asteat&#243;sico&#44; eczema dishidr&#243;tico&#44; dermatitis herpetiforme&#44; liquen simple&#44; dermatofitosis&#44; escabiosis&#44; micosis fungoide<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0055"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">1&#8211;5</span></a>&#46;</p><p id="par0110" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">La informaci&#243;n obtenida puede ayudar a dirigir la selecci&#243;n de procedimientos diagn&#243;sticos necesarios que incluyen <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">patch test</span>&#44; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">prick test</span>&#44; cultivos y biopsia cut&#225;nea<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0055"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">1&#8211;9</span></a>&#46; En conclusi&#243;n&#44; el objetivo de este art&#237;culo es exponer una gu&#237;a de evaluaci&#243;n cl&#237;nica inicial que actualmente se realiza en nuestro centro para que pueda servir de ayuda al dermat&#243;logo en la consulta de los pacientes con EC&#46; La historia cl&#237;nica y la exploraci&#243;n dermatol&#243;gica sirven para la orientaci&#243;n del diagn&#243;stico&#44; la b&#250;squeda de la etiolog&#237;a&#44; reconocer la relevancia de pruebas complementarias y para la educaci&#243;n de los pacientes&#46; La gu&#237;a alemana recomienda con un grado de evidencia B medidas de prevenci&#243;n secundaria en grupos de alto riesgo mediante la evitaci&#243;n de la exposici&#243;n de irritantes y al&#233;rgenos conocidos por el uso de una protecci&#243;n cut&#225;nea adecuada<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0080"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">6</span></a>&#46; Por &#250;ltimo&#44; es fundamental el papel del dermat&#243;logo para la selecci&#243;n de pacientes de alto riesgo y adoptar las medidas de prevenci&#243;n primaria y secundaria adecuadas&#46;</p><span id="sec0005" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0005">Conflicto de intereses</span><p id="par0115" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Los autores declaran no tener ning&#250;n conflicto de intereses&#46;</p></span></span>"
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Carta científico-clínica
Valoración inicial del paciente con eczema de contacto
Initial Assessment of Patients With Contact Eczema
A. Imbernón-Moyaa,
Autor para correspondencia
adrian_imber88@hotmail.com

Autor para correspondencia.
, F.J. Ortiz-de Frutosb, A.M. Delgado-Márquezb, F. Vanaclocha-Sebastiánb
a Servicio de Dermatología, Hospital Universitario Severo Ochoa, Leganés, Madrid, España
b Servicio de Dermatología, Hospital 12 de Octubre, Madrid, España
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&#225;reas intertriginosas&#44; palmas&#44; plantas y u&#241;as&#46;</p></li><li class="elsevierStyleListItem" id="lsti0080"><span class="elsevierStyleLabel">&#8722;</span><p id="par0100" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Inspecci&#243;n cuidadosa de signos cl&#237;nicos de dermatofitosis&#44; psoriasis y atopia &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0015">tabla 3</a>&#41;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0055"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">1&#44;3&#8211;5&#44;10</span></a>&#46;</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="tbl0015"></elsevierMultimedia></li></ul></p></li></ul></p><p id="par0105" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Ante un exantema cut&#225;neo eritematoso pruriginoso con lesiones eczematosas deber&#237;an considerarse diversos diagn&#243;sticos diferenciales que incluyen dermatitis seborreica&#44; dermatitis at&#243;pica&#44; psoriasis&#44; ros&#225;cea eritematosa&#44; eczema asteat&#243;sico&#44; eczema dishidr&#243;tico&#44; dermatitis herpetiforme&#44; liquen simple&#44; dermatofitosis&#44; escabiosis&#44; micosis fungoide<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0055"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">1&#8211;5</span></a>&#46;</p><p id="par0110" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">La informaci&#243;n obtenida puede ayudar a dirigir la selecci&#243;n de procedimientos diagn&#243;sticos necesarios que incluyen <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">patch test</span>&#44; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">prick test</span>&#44; cultivos y biopsia cut&#225;nea<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0055"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">1&#8211;9</span></a>&#46; En conclusi&#243;n&#44; el objetivo de este art&#237;culo es exponer una gu&#237;a de evaluaci&#243;n cl&#237;nica inicial que actualmente se realiza en nuestro centro para que pueda servir de ayuda al dermat&#243;logo en la consulta de los pacientes con EC&#46; La historia cl&#237;nica y la exploraci&#243;n dermatol&#243;gica sirven para la orientaci&#243;n del diagn&#243;stico&#44; la b&#250;squeda de la etiolog&#237;a&#44; reconocer la relevancia de pruebas complementarias y para la educaci&#243;n de los pacientes&#46; La gu&#237;a alemana recomienda con un grado de evidencia B medidas de prevenci&#243;n secundaria en grupos de alto riesgo mediante la evitaci&#243;n de la exposici&#243;n de irritantes y al&#233;rgenos conocidos por el uso de una protecci&#243;n cut&#225;nea adecuada<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0080"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">6</span></a>&#46; Por &#250;ltimo&#44; es fundamental el papel del dermat&#243;logo para la selecci&#243;n de pacientes de alto riesgo y adoptar las medidas de prevenci&#243;n primaria y secundaria adecuadas&#46;</p><span id="sec0005" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0005">Conflicto de intereses</span><p id="par0115" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Los autores declaran no tener ning&#250;n conflicto de intereses&#46;</p></span></span>"
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                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">Pliegues horizontales en &#225;rea central de cara anterior de cuello&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">Liquenificaci&#243;n en dorso de manos y dedos&#44; y tabaquera anat&#243;mica&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">Eczema areolar&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">Acrovesiculosis o pulpitis digital&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">Dermatitis plantar juvenil&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">Queilitis at&#243;pica&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">Pr&#250;rigo simple&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr></tbody></table>
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