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y tiempo dedicado al trabajo y&#47;o actividades de ocio al aire libre&#46;</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="tbl0015"></elsevierMultimedia></li><li class="elsevierStyleListItem" id="lsti0025"><span class="elsevierStyleLabel">&#8722;</span><p id="par0040" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Historia detallada de la lesi&#243;n sospechosa de melanoma<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0065"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">3&#44;10</span></a>&#58; localizaci&#243;n&#44; tiempo de evoluci&#243;n&#44; presencia de lesi&#243;n precursora&#44; s&#237;ntoma o signo que motiv&#243; la consulta&#44; prurito&#44; dolor&#44; sangrado&#44; erosi&#243;n&#44; ulceraci&#243;n&#44; supuraci&#243;n&#44; cambio del color &#40;m&#250;ltiples tono de marr&#243;n oscuro o negro&#44; aparici&#243;n de m&#250;ltiples colores incluyendo marr&#243;n claro&#44; marr&#243;n oscuro&#44; negro&#44; rojo&#44; azul&#44; gris y blanco&#41;&#44; cambio de la forma &#40;desarrollo de m&#225;rgenes irregulares&#41;&#44; cambio del tama&#241;o &#40;crecimiento r&#225;pido o continuo&#41;&#44; elevaci&#243;n de la lesi&#243;n&#44; cambio en la piel circundante &#40;eritema&#44; edema&#44; pigmentaciones sat&#233;lites&#41;&#44; cambio de la consistencia &#40;reblandecimiento&#44; friabilidad&#41;&#44; existencia de tratamiento previo de la lesi&#243;n&#46;</p></li><li class="elsevierStyleListItem" id="lsti0030"><span class="elsevierStyleLabel">&#8722;</span><p id="par0045" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Anamnesis por &#243;rganos y aparatos&#58; s&#237;ntomas y signos constitucionales&#44; neurol&#243;gicos&#44; otorrinolaringol&#243;gicos&#44; respiratorios&#44; musculoesquel&#233;ticos&#44; hep&#225;ticos&#44; gastrointestinales&#44; cut&#225;neos&#44; subcut&#225;neos y linf&#225;ticos&#46;</p></li></ul></p><elsevierMultimedia ident="tbl0005"></elsevierMultimedia><p id="par0050" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Tambi&#233;n exponemos el procedimiento habitual con respecto a la exploraci&#243;n f&#237;sica completa&#58;<ul class="elsevierStyleList" id="lis0010"><li class="elsevierStyleListItem" id="lsti0035"><span class="elsevierStyleLabel">&#8722;</span><p id="par0055" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Fototipo cut&#225;neo &#40;I-VI&#41;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0060"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">2&#44;3</span></a>&#44; raza &#40;blanca&#44; negra&#44; amarilla&#41;&#44; color ojos &#40;verdes&#44; azules&#44; grises&#44; marrones&#44; negros&#41;&#44; color cabello a los 18 a&#241;os de edad &#40;rojo&#44; rubio&#44; casta&#241;o&#44; negro&#41;&#46;</p></li><li class="elsevierStyleListItem" id="lsti0040"><span class="elsevierStyleLabel">&#8722;</span><p id="par0060" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Examen dermatol&#243;gico total incluyendo cuero cabelludo&#44; &#225;reas intertriginosas&#44; mucosas oral&#44; ocular&#44; genital y anal&#44; palmas&#44; plantas y u&#241;as&#46;</p></li><li class="elsevierStyleListItem" id="lsti0045"><span class="elsevierStyleLabel">&#8722;</span><p id="par0065" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Valorar presencia de ef&#233;lides&#44; elastosis solar&#44; l&#233;ntigos act&#237;nicos en &#225;reas fotoexpuestas&#44; queratosis act&#237;nicas&#44; carcinomas basocelulares y carcinomas escamosos&#46;</p></li><li class="elsevierStyleListItem" id="lsti0050"><span class="elsevierStyleLabel">&#8722;</span><p id="par0070" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Estimaci&#243;n del n&#250;mero total de nevus melanoc&#237;ticos adquiridos de cualquier tama&#241;o &#40;&#60;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>50&#44; 50-100&#44; 100-200&#44; &#62;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>200&#41;&#46; Evaluar su n&#250;mero&#44; tipo cl&#237;nico &#40;juntural&#44; compuesto&#44; intrad&#233;rmico&#41; y tama&#241;o peque&#241;o &#40;2-6<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>mm&#41;&#44; mediano &#40;6-15<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>mm&#41; o grande &#40;&#62;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>15<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>mm&#41; en el tronco y en los miembros superiores&#46; Evaluar el n&#250;mero de nevus cl&#237;nicamente at&#237;picos y la presencia de nevus cong&#233;nitos&#46;</p></li><li class="elsevierStyleListItem" id="lsti0055"><span class="elsevierStyleLabel">&#8722;</span><p id="par0075" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Descripci&#243;n de la lesi&#243;n sospechosa&#58; localizaci&#243;n&#44; di&#225;metro&#44; palpaci&#243;n&#44; presencia de p&#225;pulas o n&#243;dulos&#44; tama&#241;o&#44; pigmentaci&#243;n&#44; tipo cl&#237;nico&#44; ulceraci&#243;n&#44; &#225;reas de regresi&#243;n&#44; nevus adyacente&#46; Exploraci&#243;n de los ganglios linf&#225;ticos regionales&#44; evaluar la presencia de hepatomegalia&#44; esplenomegalia y masas o n&#243;dulos subcut&#225;neos locorregionales y&#47;o a distancia&#46;</p></li><li class="elsevierStyleListItem" id="lsti0060"><span class="elsevierStyleLabel">&#8722;</span><p id="par0080" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Descripci&#243;n de la dermatoscopia&#46;</p></li><li class="elsevierStyleListItem" id="lsti0065"><span class="elsevierStyleLabel">&#8722;</span><p id="par0085" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Documentaci&#243;n iconogr&#225;fica fundamental previamente a la extirpaci&#243;n de lesi&#243;n cut&#225;nea sospechosa&#46;</p></li></ul></p><p id="par0090" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">En conclusi&#243;n&#44; el objetivo de este art&#237;culo es exponer una gu&#237;a de evaluaci&#243;n cl&#237;nica inicial&#44; que actualmente se realiza en nuestro centro para que pueda servir de ayuda al dermat&#243;logo en la consulta de los pacientes con nevus o sospecha de melanoma&#46; Por &#250;ltimo&#44; es fundamental la educaci&#243;n del paciente en la autoexploraci&#243;n peri&#243;dica&#44; las caracter&#237;sticas cl&#237;nicas del melanoma &#40;regla ABCDE y signo del patito feo&#41; y las medidas adecuadas de fotoprotecci&#243;n<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0055"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">1&#8211;3&#44;10</span></a>&#46;</p></span>"
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                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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Carta científico-clínica
Valoración inicial del paciente con lesiones cutáneas pigmentadas
Initial Evaluation of Patients with Pigmented Skin Lesions
A. Imbernón-Moyaa,
Autor para correspondencia
adrian_imber88@hotmail.com

Autor para correspondencia.
, S. Podlipnikb, J. Malvehyb, S. Puigb
a Servicio de Dermatología, Hospital Severo Ochoa, Leganés, Madrid, España
b Servicio de Dermatología, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Barcelona, España
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y una exploraci&#243;n f&#237;sica completa<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0055"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">1&#8211;3</span></a>&#46; No hemos encontrado descrito en la literatura un protocolo de evaluaci&#243;n cl&#237;nica inicial de este tipo de pacientes&#46; De esta manera&#44; exponemos el abordaje habitual que realizamos en la primera consulta en la unidad de melanoma del Hospital Cl&#237;nic de Barcelona&#58;<ul class="elsevierStyleList" id="lis0005"><li class="elsevierStyleListItem" id="lsti0005"><span class="elsevierStyleLabel">&#8722;</span><p id="par0020" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Historia personal de alergias medicamentosas&#44; h&#225;bitos t&#243;xicos&#44; profesi&#243;n actual y previa&#44; enfermedades conocidas&#44; intervenciones quir&#250;rgicas previas&#44; neoplasias no cut&#225;neas y tratamiento m&#233;dico habitual&#46;</p></li><li class="elsevierStyleListItem" id="lsti0010"><span class="elsevierStyleLabel">&#8722;</span><p id="par0025" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Antecedentes personales dermatol&#243;gicos&#58; dermatosis conocidas&#44; neoplasias cut&#225;neas previas&#44; s&#237;ndrome de nevus displ&#225;sico&#44; tratamientos realizados&#44; nevus extirpados previamente y clasificaci&#243;n de riesgo &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0010">tabla 2</a>&#41;&#46;</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="tbl0010"></elsevierMultimedia></li><li class="elsevierStyleListItem" id="lsti0015"><span class="elsevierStyleLabel">&#8722;</span><p id="par0030" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Historia familiar de s&#237;ndrome de nevus displ&#225;sico&#44; y neoplasias cut&#225;neas y no cut&#225;neas&#46;</p></li><li class="elsevierStyleListItem" id="lsti0020"><span class="elsevierStyleLabel">&#8722;</span><p id="par0035" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Historia de exposici&#243;n solar&#44; protecci&#243;n a radiaci&#243;n ultravioleta &#40;RUV&#41; &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0015">tabla 3</a>&#41;&#44; patr&#243;n de exposici&#243;n intermitente o cr&#243;nico&#44; y tiempo dedicado al trabajo y&#47;o actividades de ocio al aire libre&#46;</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="tbl0015"></elsevierMultimedia></li><li class="elsevierStyleListItem" id="lsti0025"><span class="elsevierStyleLabel">&#8722;</span><p id="par0040" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Historia detallada de la lesi&#243;n sospechosa de melanoma<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0065"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">3&#44;10</span></a>&#58; localizaci&#243;n&#44; tiempo de evoluci&#243;n&#44; presencia de lesi&#243;n precursora&#44; s&#237;ntoma o signo que motiv&#243; la consulta&#44; prurito&#44; dolor&#44; sangrado&#44; erosi&#243;n&#44; ulceraci&#243;n&#44; supuraci&#243;n&#44; cambio del color &#40;m&#250;ltiples tono de marr&#243;n oscuro o negro&#44; aparici&#243;n de m&#250;ltiples colores incluyendo marr&#243;n claro&#44; marr&#243;n oscuro&#44; negro&#44; rojo&#44; azul&#44; gris y blanco&#41;&#44; cambio de la forma &#40;desarrollo de m&#225;rgenes irregulares&#41;&#44; cambio del tama&#241;o &#40;crecimiento r&#225;pido o continuo&#41;&#44; elevaci&#243;n de la lesi&#243;n&#44; cambio en la piel circundante &#40;eritema&#44; edema&#44; pigmentaciones sat&#233;lites&#41;&#44; cambio de la consistencia &#40;reblandecimiento&#44; friabilidad&#41;&#44; existencia de tratamiento previo de la lesi&#243;n&#46;</p></li><li class="elsevierStyleListItem" id="lsti0030"><span class="elsevierStyleLabel">&#8722;</span><p id="par0045" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Anamnesis por &#243;rganos y aparatos&#58; s&#237;ntomas y signos constitucionales&#44; neurol&#243;gicos&#44; otorrinolaringol&#243;gicos&#44; respiratorios&#44; musculoesquel&#233;ticos&#44; hep&#225;ticos&#44; gastrointestinales&#44; cut&#225;neos&#44; subcut&#225;neos y linf&#225;ticos&#46;</p></li></ul></p><elsevierMultimedia ident="tbl0005"></elsevierMultimedia><p id="par0050" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Tambi&#233;n exponemos el procedimiento habitual con respecto a la exploraci&#243;n f&#237;sica completa&#58;<ul class="elsevierStyleList" id="lis0010"><li class="elsevierStyleListItem" id="lsti0035"><span class="elsevierStyleLabel">&#8722;</span><p id="par0055" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Fototipo cut&#225;neo &#40;I-VI&#41;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0060"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">2&#44;3</span></a>&#44; raza &#40;blanca&#44; negra&#44; amarilla&#41;&#44; color ojos &#40;verdes&#44; azules&#44; grises&#44; marrones&#44; negros&#41;&#44; color cabello a los 18 a&#241;os de edad &#40;rojo&#44; rubio&#44; casta&#241;o&#44; negro&#41;&#46;</p></li><li class="elsevierStyleListItem" id="lsti0040"><span class="elsevierStyleLabel">&#8722;</span><p id="par0060" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Examen dermatol&#243;gico total incluyendo cuero cabelludo&#44; &#225;reas intertriginosas&#44; mucosas oral&#44; ocular&#44; genital y anal&#44; palmas&#44; plantas y u&#241;as&#46;</p></li><li class="elsevierStyleListItem" id="lsti0045"><span class="elsevierStyleLabel">&#8722;</span><p id="par0065" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Valorar presencia de ef&#233;lides&#44; elastosis solar&#44; l&#233;ntigos act&#237;nicos en &#225;reas fotoexpuestas&#44; queratosis act&#237;nicas&#44; carcinomas basocelulares y carcinomas escamosos&#46;</p></li><li class="elsevierStyleListItem" id="lsti0050"><span class="elsevierStyleLabel">&#8722;</span><p id="par0070" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Estimaci&#243;n del n&#250;mero total de nevus melanoc&#237;ticos adquiridos de cualquier tama&#241;o &#40;&#60;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>50&#44; 50-100&#44; 100-200&#44; &#62;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>200&#41;&#46; Evaluar su n&#250;mero&#44; tipo cl&#237;nico &#40;juntural&#44; compuesto&#44; intrad&#233;rmico&#41; y tama&#241;o peque&#241;o &#40;2-6<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>mm&#41;&#44; mediano &#40;6-15<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>mm&#41; o grande &#40;&#62;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>15<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>mm&#41; en el tronco y en los miembros superiores&#46; Evaluar el n&#250;mero de nevus cl&#237;nicamente at&#237;picos y la presencia de nevus cong&#233;nitos&#46;</p></li><li class="elsevierStyleListItem" id="lsti0055"><span class="elsevierStyleLabel">&#8722;</span><p id="par0075" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Descripci&#243;n de la lesi&#243;n sospechosa&#58; localizaci&#243;n&#44; di&#225;metro&#44; palpaci&#243;n&#44; presencia de p&#225;pulas o n&#243;dulos&#44; tama&#241;o&#44; pigmentaci&#243;n&#44; tipo cl&#237;nico&#44; ulceraci&#243;n&#44; &#225;reas de regresi&#243;n&#44; nevus adyacente&#46; Exploraci&#243;n de los ganglios linf&#225;ticos regionales&#44; evaluar la presencia de hepatomegalia&#44; esplenomegalia y masas o n&#243;dulos subcut&#225;neos locorregionales y&#47;o a distancia&#46;</p></li><li class="elsevierStyleListItem" id="lsti0060"><span class="elsevierStyleLabel">&#8722;</span><p id="par0080" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Descripci&#243;n de la dermatoscopia&#46;</p></li><li class="elsevierStyleListItem" id="lsti0065"><span class="elsevierStyleLabel">&#8722;</span><p id="par0085" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Documentaci&#243;n iconogr&#225;fica fundamental previamente a la extirpaci&#243;n de lesi&#243;n cut&#225;nea sospechosa&#46;</p></li></ul></p><p id="par0090" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">En conclusi&#243;n&#44; el objetivo de este art&#237;culo es exponer una gu&#237;a de evaluaci&#243;n cl&#237;nica inicial&#44; que actualmente se realiza en nuestro centro para que pueda servir de ayuda al dermat&#243;logo en la consulta de los pacientes con nevus o sospecha de melanoma&#46; 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                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Screening&#44; early detection&#44; education&#44; and trends for melanoma&#58; Current status &#40;2007-2013&#41; and future directions&#58; Part I&#46; Epidemiology&#44; high-risk groups&#44; clinical strategies&#44; and diagnostic technology"
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                      "titulo" => "Multicenter case-control study of risk factors for cutaneous melanoma in Valencia&#44; Spain"
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                          "autores" => array:6 [
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                            1 => "V&#46; Oliver"
                            2 => "J&#46; Ba&#241;uls"
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                            5 => "R&#46; Botella-Estrada"
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                      "doi" => "10.1016/j.ad.2012.01.014"
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                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
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                        "edicion" => "7<span class="elsevierStyleMonospace">&#46;</span>&#170; ed&#46;"
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              "identificador" => "bib0070"
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                0 => array:1 [
                  "referenciaCompleta" => "Australian Cancer Network and New Zealand Guidelines Group&#46; Clinical practice guidelines for the management of melanoma in Australia and New Zealand&#46;"
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            4 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0075"
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                0 => array:1 [
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                      "titulo" => "Diagnosis and treatment of melanoma&#46; European consensus-based interdisciplinary guideline&#46; Update 2012"
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                          "etal" => true
                          "autores" => array:6 [
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                            3 => "P&#46; Saiag"
                            4 => "M&#46; Middleton"
                            5 => "A&#46; Spatz"
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                    0 => array:2 [
                      "doi" => "10.1016/j.ejca.2012.06.013"
                      "Revista" => array:6 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Eur J Cancer"
                        "fecha" => "2012"
                        "volumen" => "48"
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                      "titulo" => "Cutaneous melanoma&#58; ESMO Clinical Practice Guidelines for diagnosis&#44; treatment and follow-up"
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                          "autores" => array:5 [
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                        "paginaInicial" => "86"
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                      "titulo" => "Malignant melanoma S3-guideline &#171;diagnosis&#44; therapy and follow-up of melanoma&#187; &#91;Article in English&#44; German&#93;"
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                          "colaboracion" => "German Dermatological Society&#59; Dermatologic Cooperative Oncology Group"
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                            4 => "C&#46; Czeschik"
                            5 => "T&#46; Dettenborn"
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                        "tituloSerie" => "J Dtsch Dermatol Ges"
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Información del artículo
ISSN: 00017310
Idioma original: Español
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