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Vol. 99. Núm. 2.
Páginas 111-118 (marzo 2008)
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Vol. 99. Núm. 2.
Páginas 111-118 (marzo 2008)
Original articles
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Childhood Dermatosis in a Dermatology Clinic of a General University Hospital in Spain
Dermatosis Infantiles en la Consulta de Dermatología de un Hospital General Universitario en España
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6446
J.M. Casanova
Autor para correspondencia
jmcasanova@medicina.udl.es
http://www.dermatoweb.net

Correspondence: Servicio de Dermatología, Hospital Universitari Arnau de Vilanova de Lleida, Rovira Roure, 80, 25192 Lleida, Spain.
, V. Sanmartín, X. Soria, M. Baradad, R.M. Martí, A. Font
Servicio de Dermatología, Hospital Universitari Arnau de Vilanova de Lleida, Universitat de Lleida, Spain
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Abstract
Background and objectives

Pediatric dermatology is a relatively new subspecialty for which few epidemiological studies are available. We aimed to determine the work load associated with this subspecialty and the most common presenting complaints among pediatric patients in the general dermatology clinic of our hospital.

Methods

A descriptive study was performed based on hospital records to analyze patients aged 16 years or under seen in our department in 2005 and their diagnoses.

Results

Pediatric dermatology accounts for 12.1% of the work load in our department (1329/10 998 patients were ≤ 16 years old). By disease groups, tumors and infections were the most common diagnoses and accounted for 55.4% of all cases. A long way behind was eczema (15.0%) and diseases affecting hair follicles, nails, and sweat and sebaceous glands (8.8%). The most common individual diagnosis was melanocytic nevus (19.8%), followed by viral warts (12.1%), atopic dermatitis (8.9%), molluscum contagiosum (8.4%), and acne (7.0%).

Conclusions

In most developed countries, atopic dermatitis is the most common dermatologic disease in children. In our study, however, melanocytic nevus was the most common presenting complaint, reflecting perhaps that there are more children in Spain with multiple nevi due to overexposure to sunlight or because of concern about melanoma among the population. Another possibility is that Spain has fewer cases of atopic dermatitis than more industrialized countries in northern Europe. Measures to avoid exposure to sunlight and use of sunscreen should be promoted during infancy. This could help slow the increase of melanoma in the adult population.

Key words:
epidemiology
pediatric dermatology
melanocytic nevi
atopic dermatitis
Resumen
Introducción y objetivos

La Dermatología Pediátrica es una subespecialidad relativamente nueva sobre la que existen pocos estudios epidemiológicos. Nos proponemos determinar la carga de trabajo que representa en una consulta de Dermatología general y cuáles son los motivos de consulta más frecuentes en nuestro centro en este grupo de edad.

Métodos

Estudio descriptivo del registro del Servicio de Dermatología sobre las visitas realizadas a pacientes de ≤ 16 años de edad en el año 2005 y sus diagnósticos.

Resultados

La Dermatología Pediátrica representa el 12,1% de nuestra carga de trabajo (1.329/10.998 visitas fueron a ≤ 16 años). Por grupos, los tumores y las infecciones fueron los diagnósticos más frecuentes, ya que entre ambos representan el 55,4% del total. A distancia les siguen los eczemas (15,0%) y las enfermedades anexiales (8,8%). El diagnóstico individual más frecuente fue nevo melanocítico (19,8%), seguido de verruga vírica (12,1%), dermatitis atópica (8,9%), molusco contagioso (8,4%) y acné (7,0%).

Conclusiones

En la mayoría de países desarrollados la dermatitis atópica es el diagnóstico más frecuente en los niños. En nuestro estudio los nevos melanocíticos ocupan el primer lugar, lo que quizá refleje que existan más niños con múltiples nevos porque se toma el sol en exceso, o por la melanofobia existente entre la población. También es posible que en nuestra área exista menos dermatitis atópica que en países más industrializados del norte de Europa. Se deberían impulsar conductas de fotoevitación y fotoprotección durante la época infantil. Ello podría contribuir a frenar, en nuestro medio, el incremento del melanoma en el adulto.

Palabras clave:
epidemiología
Dermatología infantil
nevos melanocíticos
dermatitis atópica
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