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        "titulo" => "Abstract"
        "resumen" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Background</span><p id="spar0005" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">The epidemiology of contact dermatitis can be analyzed using clinical data from skin allergy units&#46;</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Objectives</span><p id="spar0010" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">The aims of this study were to define the profile of patients attending a skin allergy unit and to determine the prevalence of the most common sensitizations in this population&#46;</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Material and methods</span><p id="spar0015" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Throughout 2008&#44; a retrospective observational study was carried out in the 5 hospitals of the Spanish Surveillance System on Contact Allergies&#46; All patients underwent skin patch tests with the Spanish standard series&#46; The frequencies of sensitization were normalized for age and gender&#46;</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Results</span><p id="spar0020" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Data were gathered on 1161 patients&#46; The 5 allergens that gave the most frequent positive reactions were nickel sulfate &#40;25&#46;88&#37;&#41;&#44; potassium dichromate &#40;5&#46;31&#37;&#41;&#44; cobalt chloride &#40;5&#46;10&#37;&#41;&#44; fragrance blends &#40;4&#46;64&#37;&#41;&#44; and balsam of Peru &#40;4&#46;44&#37;&#41;&#46; The least frequently detected reactions were to quinolone-clioquinol mix and sesquiterpene lactone mix&#46; There was a 35&#37; prevalence of sensitization to nickel among women&#46;</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Conclusions</span><p id="spar0025" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">The profile of sensitizations in Spain is similar to that of other Southern European countries&#46; Nickel sulfate continues to be the most prevalent allergen&#44; particularly in women&#46; The low prevalence of sensitization to quinolone-clioquinol mix and sesquiterpene lactone mix supports their exclusion of the Spanish series&#46;</p>"
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        "resumen" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Introducci&#243;n</span><p id="spar0030" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">El estudio epidemiol&#243;gico del eczema de contacto puede realizarse mediante el an&#225;lisis de los datos obtenidos a partir de la experiencia cl&#237;nica de las unidades de alergia cut&#225;nea&#46;</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Objetivo</span><p id="spar0035" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Determinar el perfil de los pacientes que acuden a una unidad de alergia cut&#225;nea y determinar la prevalencia de sensibilizaciones m&#225;s frecuente en esta poblaci&#243;n&#46;</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Material y m&#233;todos</span><p id="spar0040" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Estudio observacional retrospectivo de los 5 hospitales pertenecientes a la Red Espa&#241;ola de Vigilancia de Alergia de Contacto &#40;REVAC&#41; durante el a&#241;o 2008&#46; Todos los pacientes fueron estudiados mediante pruebas epicut&#225;neas con la serie est&#225;ndar espa&#241;ola&#46; Las frecuencias de sensibilizaci&#243;n se han estandarizado por sexo y edad&#46; Resultados&#58; Se recogieron datos de 1&#46;161 pacientes&#46; Los 5 al&#233;rgenos que presentaron positividades m&#225;s frecuentemente fueron sulfato de n&#237;quel &#40;25&#44;88&#37;&#41;&#44; dicromato pot&#225;sico &#40;5&#44;31&#37;&#41;&#44; cloruro de cobalto &#40;5&#44;10&#37;&#41;&#44; mezcla de fragancias &#40;4&#44;64&#37;&#41; y b&#225;lsamo del Per&#250; &#40;4&#44;44&#37;&#41;&#46; Los al&#233;rgenos menos frecuentes fueron la mezcla de quinole&#237;nas&#47;clioquinol y la mezcla de lactonas sesquiterp&#233;nicas&#46; En las mujeres la prevalencia de sensibilizaci&#243;n al n&#237;quel fue del 35&#37;&#46;</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Conclusiones</span><p id="spar0045" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">El perfil de sensibilizaciones de Espa&#241;a es el esperado para un pa&#237;s del Sur de Europa&#46; El sulfato de n&#237;quel sigue siendo el al&#233;rgeno m&#225;s prevalente&#44; siendo especialmente importante en mujeres&#46; La mezcla de quinole&#237;nas&#47;clioquinol y la mezcla de lactonas sesquiterp&#233;nicas no han mostrado rentabilidad suficiente para su permanencia en la serie espa&#241;ola&#46;</p>"
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Journal Information
Vol. 102. Issue 2.
Pages 98-105 (March 2011)
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Vol. 102. Issue 2.
Pages 98-105 (March 2011)
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Epidemiology of Contact Dermatitis in Spain. Results of the Spanish Surveillance System on Contact Allergies for the Year 2008
Epidemiología del eczema de contacto en España. Resultados de la Red Española de Vigilancia en Alergia de Contacto (REVAC) durante el año 2008
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6284
J. García-Gavína,
Corresponding author
juangavin@gmail.com

Corresponding author.
, J.C. Armario-Hitab, V. Fernández-Redondoa, J.M. Fernández-Vozmedianoc, J. Sánchez-Pérezd, J.F. Silvestree, W. Uterf, A.M. Giménez-Arnaug
a Servicio de Dermatología, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario, Facultad de Medicina, Santiago de Compostela, La Coruña, Spain
b Servicio de Dermatología, Hospital Punta de Europa, Algeciras, Universidad de Cádiz, Cádiz, Spain
c Servicio de Dermatología, Hospital Universitario de Puerto Real, Universidad de Cádiz, Cádiz, Spain
d Servicio de Dermatología, Hospital Universitario la Princesa, Madrid, Spain
e Sección de Dermatología, Hospital General Universitario de Alicante, Alicante, Spain
f Departamento de Informática Médica, Biometría y Epidemiología, Universidad de Erlangen-Núremberg, Erlangen, Germany
g Servicio de Dermatología, Hospital del Mar, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
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Article information
Abstract
Background

The epidemiology of contact dermatitis can be analyzed using clinical data from skin allergy units.

Objectives

The aims of this study were to define the profile of patients attending a skin allergy unit and to determine the prevalence of the most common sensitizations in this population.

Material and methods

Throughout 2008, a retrospective observational study was carried out in the 5 hospitals of the Spanish Surveillance System on Contact Allergies. All patients underwent skin patch tests with the Spanish standard series. The frequencies of sensitization were normalized for age and gender.

Results

Data were gathered on 1161 patients. The 5 allergens that gave the most frequent positive reactions were nickel sulfate (25.88%), potassium dichromate (5.31%), cobalt chloride (5.10%), fragrance blends (4.64%), and balsam of Peru (4.44%). The least frequently detected reactions were to quinolone-clioquinol mix and sesquiterpene lactone mix. There was a 35% prevalence of sensitization to nickel among women.

Conclusions

The profile of sensitizations in Spain is similar to that of other Southern European countries. Nickel sulfate continues to be the most prevalent allergen, particularly in women. The low prevalence of sensitization to quinolone-clioquinol mix and sesquiterpene lactone mix supports their exclusion of the Spanish series.

Keywords:
Contact dermatitis
Epidemiology
Allergic contact dermatitis
Clinical research
Skin patch tests
Spanish standard series
Resumen
Introducción

El estudio epidemiológico del eczema de contacto puede realizarse mediante el análisis de los datos obtenidos a partir de la experiencia clínica de las unidades de alergia cutánea.

Objetivo

Determinar el perfil de los pacientes que acuden a una unidad de alergia cutánea y determinar la prevalencia de sensibilizaciones más frecuente en esta población.

Material y métodos

Estudio observacional retrospectivo de los 5 hospitales pertenecientes a la Red Española de Vigilancia de Alergia de Contacto (REVAC) durante el año 2008. Todos los pacientes fueron estudiados mediante pruebas epicutáneas con la serie estándar española. Las frecuencias de sensibilización se han estandarizado por sexo y edad. Resultados: Se recogieron datos de 1.161 pacientes. Los 5 alérgenos que presentaron positividades más frecuentemente fueron sulfato de níquel (25,88%), dicromato potásico (5,31%), cloruro de cobalto (5,10%), mezcla de fragancias (4,64%) y bálsamo del Perú (4,44%). Los alérgenos menos frecuentes fueron la mezcla de quinoleínas/clioquinol y la mezcla de lactonas sesquiterpénicas. En las mujeres la prevalencia de sensibilización al níquel fue del 35%.

Conclusiones

El perfil de sensibilizaciones de España es el esperado para un país del Sur de Europa. El sulfato de níquel sigue siendo el alérgeno más prevalente, siendo especialmente importante en mujeres. La mezcla de quinoleínas/clioquinol y la mezcla de lactonas sesquiterpénicas no han mostrado rentabilidad suficiente para su permanencia en la serie española.

Palabras Clave:
Eczema de contacto
Epidemiología
Dermatitis de contacto
Dermatitis alérgica de contacto
Investigación clínica
Prueba epicutánea
Serie estándar española
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Copyright © 2011. Academia Española de Dermatología y Venereología and Elsevier España, S.L.
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