Epidemiology of Contact Dermatitis in Spain. Results of the Spanish Surveillance System on Contact Allergies for the Year 2008
Epidemiología del eczema de contacto en España. Resultados de la Red Española de Vigilancia en Alergia de Contacto (REVAC) durante el año 2008
J. García-Gavína,
, J.C. Armario-Hitab, V. Fernández-Redondoa, J.M. Fernández-Vozmedianoc, J. Sánchez-Pérezd, J.F. Silvestree, W. Uterf, A.M. Giménez-Arnaug
Corresponding author
a Servicio de Dermatología, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario, Facultad de Medicina, Santiago de Compostela, La Coruña, Spain
b Servicio de Dermatología, Hospital Punta de Europa, Algeciras, Universidad de Cádiz, Cádiz, Spain
c Servicio de Dermatología, Hospital Universitario de Puerto Real, Universidad de Cádiz, Cádiz, Spain
d Servicio de Dermatología, Hospital Universitario la Princesa, Madrid, Spain
e Sección de Dermatología, Hospital General Universitario de Alicante, Alicante, Spain
f Departamento de Informática Médica, Biometría y Epidemiología, Universidad de Erlangen-Núremberg, Erlangen, Germany
g Servicio de Dermatología, Hospital del Mar, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
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Resultados de la Red Española de Vigilancia en Alergia de Contacto (REVAC) durante el año 2008" ] ] "pdfFichero" => "main.pdf" "tienePdf" => true "fechaRecibido" => "2010-09-09" "fechaAceptado" => "2010-10-17" "PalabrasClave" => array:2 [ "en" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "clase" => "keyword" "titulo" => "Keywords" "identificador" => "xpalclavsec84851" "palabras" => array:6 [ 0 => "Contact dermatitis" 1 => "Epidemiology" 2 => "Allergic contact dermatitis" 3 => "Clinical research" 4 => "Skin patch tests" 5 => "Spanish standard series" ] ] ] "es" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "clase" => "keyword" "titulo" => "Palabras Clave" "identificador" => "xpalclavsec84850" "palabras" => array:7 [ 0 => "Eczema de contacto" 1 => "Epidemiología" 2 => "Dermatitis de contacto" 3 => "Dermatitis alérgica de contacto" 4 => "Investigación clínica" 5 => "Prueba epicutánea" 6 => "Serie estándar española" ] ] ] ] "tieneResumen" => true "resumen" => array:2 [ "en" => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Abstract" "resumen" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Background</span><p id="spar0005" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">The epidemiology of contact dermatitis can be analyzed using clinical data from skin allergy units.</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Objectives</span><p id="spar0010" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">The aims of this study were to define the profile of patients attending a skin allergy unit and to determine the prevalence of the most common sensitizations in this population.</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Material and methods</span><p id="spar0015" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Throughout 2008, a retrospective observational study was carried out in the 5 hospitals of the Spanish Surveillance System on Contact Allergies. All patients underwent skin patch tests with the Spanish standard series. The frequencies of sensitization were normalized for age and gender.</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Results</span><p id="spar0020" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Data were gathered on 1161 patients. The 5 allergens that gave the most frequent positive reactions were nickel sulfate (25.88%), potassium dichromate (5.31%), cobalt chloride (5.10%), fragrance blends (4.64%), and balsam of Peru (4.44%). The least frequently detected reactions were to quinolone-clioquinol mix and sesquiterpene lactone mix. There was a 35% prevalence of sensitization to nickel among women.</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Conclusions</span><p id="spar0025" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">The profile of sensitizations in Spain is similar to that of other Southern European countries. Nickel sulfate continues to be the most prevalent allergen, particularly in women. The low prevalence of sensitization to quinolone-clioquinol mix and sesquiterpene lactone mix supports their exclusion of the Spanish series.</p>" ] "es" => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Resumen" "resumen" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Introducción</span><p id="spar0030" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">El estudio epidemiológico del eczema de contacto puede realizarse mediante el análisis de los datos obtenidos a partir de la experiencia clínica de las unidades de alergia cutánea.</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Objetivo</span><p id="spar0035" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Determinar el perfil de los pacientes que acuden a una unidad de alergia cutánea y determinar la prevalencia de sensibilizaciones más frecuente en esta población.</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Material y métodos</span><p id="spar0040" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Estudio observacional retrospectivo de los 5 hospitales pertenecientes a la Red Española de Vigilancia de Alergia de Contacto (REVAC) durante el año 2008. Todos los pacientes fueron estudiados mediante pruebas epicutáneas con la serie estándar española. Las frecuencias de sensibilización se han estandarizado por sexo y edad. Resultados: Se recogieron datos de 1.161 pacientes. Los 5 alérgenos que presentaron positividades más frecuentemente fueron sulfato de níquel (25,88%), dicromato potásico (5,31%), cloruro de cobalto (5,10%), mezcla de fragancias (4,64%) y bálsamo del Perú (4,44%). Los alérgenos menos frecuentes fueron la mezcla de quinoleínas/clioquinol y la mezcla de lactonas sesquiterpénicas. En las mujeres la prevalencia de sensibilización al níquel fue del 35%.</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Conclusiones</span><p id="spar0045" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">El perfil de sensibilizaciones de España es el esperado para un país del Sur de Europa. El sulfato de níquel sigue siendo el alérgeno más prevalente, siendo especialmente importante en mujeres. La mezcla de quinoleínas/clioquinol y la mezcla de lactonas sesquiterpénicas no han mostrado rentabilidad suficiente para su permanencia en la serie española.</p>" ] ] "bibliografia" => array:2 [ "titulo" => "References" "seccion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "bibs0005" "bibliografiaReferencia" => array:30 [ 0 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib1" "etiqueta" => "1." "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "The epidemiology of contact allergy in the general population–prevalence and main findings" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:4 [ 0 => "J.P. Thyssen" 1 => "A. Linneberg" 2 => "T. Menné" 3 => "J.D. 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| Year/Month | Html | Total | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2024 November | 13 | 4 | 17 |
| 2024 October | 72 | 43 | 115 |
| 2024 September | 63 | 27 | 90 |
| 2024 August | 119 | 56 | 175 |
| 2024 July | 67 | 43 | 110 |
| 2024 June | 77 | 47 | 124 |
| 2024 May | 74 | 25 | 99 |
| 2024 April | 70 | 26 | 96 |
| 2024 March | 62 | 32 | 94 |
| 2024 February | 61 | 38 | 99 |
| 2024 January | 42 | 32 | 74 |
| 2023 December | 51 | 36 | 87 |
| 2023 November | 62 | 39 | 101 |
| 2023 October | 38 | 38 | 76 |
| 2023 September | 37 | 30 | 67 |
| 2023 August | 28 | 18 | 46 |
| 2023 July | 27 | 35 | 62 |
| 2023 June | 38 | 25 | 63 |
| 2023 May | 48 | 30 | 78 |
| 2023 April | 25 | 18 | 43 |
| 2023 March | 22 | 19 | 41 |
| 2023 February | 30 | 25 | 55 |
| 2023 January | 27 | 23 | 50 |
| 2022 December | 31 | 39 | 70 |
| 2022 November | 16 | 32 | 48 |
| 2022 October | 27 | 18 | 45 |
| 2022 September | 43 | 36 | 79 |
| 2022 August | 40 | 42 | 82 |
| 2022 July | 16 | 26 | 42 |
| 2022 June | 16 | 27 | 43 |
| 2022 May | 26 | 39 | 65 |
| 2022 April | 25 | 42 | 67 |
| 2022 March | 35 | 45 | 80 |
| 2022 February | 30 | 32 | 62 |
| 2022 January | 23 | 46 | 69 |
| 2021 December | 20 | 42 | 62 |
| 2021 November | 30 | 42 | 72 |
| 2021 October | 41 | 60 | 101 |
| 2021 September | 26 | 56 | 82 |
| 2021 August | 29 | 35 | 64 |
| 2021 July | 18 | 31 | 49 |
| 2021 June | 48 | 38 | 86 |
| 2021 May | 18 | 24 | 42 |
| 2021 April | 44 | 46 | 90 |
| 2021 March | 45 | 18 | 63 |
| 2021 February | 57 | 22 | 79 |
| 2021 January | 20 | 13 | 33 |
| 2020 December | 24 | 9 | 33 |
| 2020 November | 14 | 18 | 32 |
| 2020 October | 29 | 9 | 38 |
| 2020 September | 24 | 18 | 42 |
| 2020 August | 33 | 14 | 47 |
| 2020 July | 16 | 15 | 31 |
| 2020 June | 42 | 25 | 67 |
| 2020 May | 27 | 27 | 54 |
| 2020 April | 19 | 13 | 32 |
| 2020 March | 24 | 20 | 44 |
| 2020 February | 3 | 5 | 8 |
| 2020 January | 0 | 4 | 4 |
| 2019 December | 0 | 8 | 8 |
| 2019 November | 0 | 2 | 2 |
| 2019 October | 0 | 11 | 11 |
| 2019 September | 0 | 4 | 4 |
| 2019 July | 0 | 3 | 3 |
| 2019 June | 0 | 6 | 6 |
| 2019 May | 1 | 48 | 49 |
| 2019 April | 0 | 6 | 6 |
| 2019 March | 0 | 8 | 8 |
| 2018 May | 0 | 11 | 11 |
| 2018 March | 3 | 7 | 10 |
| 2018 February | 9 | 5 | 14 |
| 2018 January | 19 | 7 | 26 |
| 2017 December | 21 | 9 | 30 |
| 2017 November | 25 | 10 | 35 |
| 2017 October | 19 | 5 | 24 |
| 2017 September | 17 | 11 | 28 |
| 2017 August | 36 | 8 | 44 |
| 2017 July | 27 | 6 | 33 |
| 2017 June | 36 | 9 | 45 |
| 2017 May | 28 | 13 | 41 |
| 2017 April | 29 | 12 | 41 |
| 2017 March | 29 | 35 | 64 |
| 2017 February | 26 | 16 | 42 |
| 2017 January | 23 | 6 | 29 |
| 2016 December | 31 | 9 | 40 |
| 2016 November | 31 | 10 | 41 |
| 2016 October | 16 | 16 | 32 |
| 2016 September | 72 | 7 | 79 |
| 2016 August | 40 | 16 | 56 |
| 2016 July | 24 | 9 | 33 |
| 2016 June | 14 | 9 | 23 |
| 2016 May | 6 | 9 | 15 |
| 2016 April | 2 | 7 | 9 |
| 2016 March | 2 | 6 | 8 |
| 2016 February | 8 | 5 | 13 |
| 2016 January | 9 | 2 | 11 |
| 2015 December | 8 | 0 | 8 |
| 2015 November | 8 | 1 | 9 |
| 2015 October | 6 | 3 | 9 |
| 2015 September | 4 | 4 | 8 |
| 2015 August | 10 | 3 | 13 |
| 2015 July | 21 | 9 | 30 |
| 2015 June | 32 | 7 | 39 |
| 2015 May | 75 | 14 | 89 |
| 2015 April | 32 | 20 | 52 |
| 2015 March | 25 | 15 | 40 |
| 2015 February | 20 | 6 | 26 |
| 2015 January | 29 | 16 | 45 |
| 2014 December | 26 | 16 | 42 |
| 2014 November | 18 | 12 | 30 |
| 2014 October | 37 | 18 | 55 |
| 2014 September | 21 | 16 | 37 |
| 2014 August | 25 | 12 | 37 |
| 2014 July | 40 | 22 | 62 |
| 2014 June | 30 | 6 | 36 |
| 2014 May | 45 | 13 | 58 |
| 2014 April | 30 | 14 | 44 |
| 2014 March | 38 | 24 | 62 |
| 2014 February | 30 | 12 | 42 |
| 2014 January | 31 | 14 | 45 |
| 2013 December | 47 | 11 | 58 |
| 2013 November | 26 | 31 | 57 |
| 2013 October | 30 | 14 | 44 |
| 2013 September | 20 | 28 | 48 |
| 2013 August | 24 | 23 | 47 |
| 2013 July | 39 | 22 | 61 |
| 2013 June | 29 | 35 | 64 |
| 2013 May | 15 | 19 | 34 |
| 2013 April | 33 | 20 | 53 |
| 2013 March | 34 | 16 | 50 |
| 2013 February | 4 | 4 | 8 |
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