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        "resumen" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Background</span><p class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">In the treatment of psoriasis&#44; biologic agents are more expensive than conventional therapy while showing similar or superior efficacy&#46; However&#44; their efficiency in terms of cost&#47;efficacy &#40;cost per responder in clinical trial conditions&#41; is unknown&#46;</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Objective</span><p class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">To estimate the cost&#47;efficacy ratios of adalimumab&#44; etanercept&#44; infliximab&#44; and efalizumab in the management of moderate to severe psoriasis&#46;</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Material and Methods</span><p class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">A model for costs analysis was elaborated by building a decision tree for each of the treatments for which scientific evidence was available&#46; The payer perspective &#40;Spanish national health system&#41; was used&#44; only considering drug costs&#46; The efficacy &#40;proportion of patients who respond according to Psoriasis Area and Severity Index &#91;PASI&#93; 75 criterion&#41; was assigned according to the results of the clinical trials&#46; When more than 1 trial was available per treatment&#44; a meta-analysis was undertaken&#46; In the case of weight-dependent dosing&#44; the weight of the study participants was adjusted by age and sex to the standard Spanish population with correction for increased weight in individuals with psoriasis&#46; Uncertainty was investigated with a sensitivity analysis&#46;</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Results and Conclusions</span><p class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Assigning the efficacy reported in the 15 published clinical trials&#44; the most efficient biologic agent in terms of the cost&#47;efficacy ratio was adalimumab&#44; with one PASI75 response at a cost of &#8364;8013&#46;</p><p class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">For the remaining biologic agents and with different regimens&#44; the cost per responder ranged from &#8364;9370 to &#8364;17 112&#46; The sensitivity analysis confirmed the robustness of these figures&#46;</p>"
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        "resumen" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Introducci&#243;n</span><p class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Los agentes biol&#243;gicos en el tratamiento de la psoriasis son m&#225;s caros y&#44; en general&#44; de eficacia similar o superior que la terapia cl&#225;sica&#46; Sin embargo&#44; se desconoce su eficiencia en t&#233;rminos de coste&#47;eficacia &#40;coste por cada paciente que responde en las condiciones de los ensayos cl&#237;nicos&#41;&#46;</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Objetivo</span><p class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Estimar los cocientes de coste&#47;eficacia de adalimumab&#44; etanercept&#44; infliximab y efalizumab en el manejo de la psoriasis moderada-grave&#46;</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Material y m&#233;todos</span><p class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Modelo de evaluaci&#243;n econ&#243;mica&#44; construyendo un &#225;rbol de decisi&#243;n para cada uno de los tratamientos sobre los que existe evidencia cient&#237;fica&#46; Se ha usado la perspectiva del financiador &#40;Sistema Nacional de Salud&#41;&#44; considerando s&#243;lo los costes del f&#225;rmaco&#46; La eficacia &#40;proporci&#243;n de pacientes que responden con el criterio PASI-75&#41; asignada es la que consta en los ensayos cl&#237;nicos&#46; Cuando hab&#237;a m&#225;s de un ensayo para cada tratamiento se han realizado metan&#225;lisis&#46; Cuando la dosis depende del peso&#44; este &#250;ltimo en los sujetos del estudio se ha estandarizado por edad y sexo a la poblaci&#243;n espa&#241;ola&#44; corregido por el incremento de peso de los sujetos con psoriasis&#46; La incertidumbre se ha manejado mediante an&#225;lisis de sensibilidad&#46;</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Resultados y conclusiones</span><p class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Asignando en los modelos la eficacia de los 15 ensayos cl&#237;nicos publicados&#44; el agente biol&#243;gico m&#225;s eficiente en t&#233;rminos de coste&#47;eficacia es adalimumab&#44; con el que se consigue un respondedor PASI75 a un coste de 8&#46;013 euros&#46; Con el resto de los biol&#243;gicos y con diferentes pautas el coste&#47;respondedor oscil&#243; entre 9&#46;370 &#8364; y 17&#46;112 &#8364;&#46; El an&#225;lisis de sensibilidad confirma la robustez de estos hallazgos&#46;</p>"
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Journal Information
Vol. 100. Issue 9.
Pages 792-803 (November 2009)
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Vol. 100. Issue 9.
Pages 792-803 (November 2009)
Original articles
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Efficiency of Biologic Agents in the Treatment of Moderate to Severe Psoriasis
Eficiencia de los Agentes Biológicos en el Tratamiento de la Psoriasis Moderada-Grave
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A.J. Blascoa,
Corresponding author
ablasco@taiss.com

Correspondence: Técnicas Avanzadas de Investigación en Servicios de Salud (TAISS), Cambrils, 41-2, 28034 Madrid, Spain.
, P. Lázaroa, C. Ferrándizb, A. García-Díezc, J. Lisod
a Técnicas Avanzadas de Investigación en Servicios de Salud, Madrid, Spain
b Servicio de Dermatología, Hospital Universitario Germans Trias i Pujol, Universidad Autónoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
c Servicio de Dermatología, Hospital Universitario de La Princesa, Madrid, Spain
d Servicio de Atención Farmacéutica Especializada, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Badajoz, Spain
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Article information
Abstract
Background

In the treatment of psoriasis, biologic agents are more expensive than conventional therapy while showing similar or superior efficacy. However, their efficiency in terms of cost/efficacy (cost per responder in clinical trial conditions) is unknown.

Objective

To estimate the cost/efficacy ratios of adalimumab, etanercept, infliximab, and efalizumab in the management of moderate to severe psoriasis.

Material and Methods

A model for costs analysis was elaborated by building a decision tree for each of the treatments for which scientific evidence was available. The payer perspective (Spanish national health system) was used, only considering drug costs. The efficacy (proportion of patients who respond according to Psoriasis Area and Severity Index [PASI] 75 criterion) was assigned according to the results of the clinical trials. When more than 1 trial was available per treatment, a meta-analysis was undertaken. In the case of weight-dependent dosing, the weight of the study participants was adjusted by age and sex to the standard Spanish population with correction for increased weight in individuals with psoriasis. Uncertainty was investigated with a sensitivity analysis.

Results and Conclusions

Assigning the efficacy reported in the 15 published clinical trials, the most efficient biologic agent in terms of the cost/efficacy ratio was adalimumab, with one PASI75 response at a cost of €8013.

For the remaining biologic agents and with different regimens, the cost per responder ranged from €9370 to €17 112. The sensitivity analysis confirmed the robustness of these figures.

Key words:
psoriasis
efficiency
biologic agents
meta-analysis
Resumen
Introducción

Los agentes biológicos en el tratamiento de la psoriasis son más caros y, en general, de eficacia similar o superior que la terapia clásica. Sin embargo, se desconoce su eficiencia en términos de coste/eficacia (coste por cada paciente que responde en las condiciones de los ensayos clínicos).

Objetivo

Estimar los cocientes de coste/eficacia de adalimumab, etanercept, infliximab y efalizumab en el manejo de la psoriasis moderada-grave.

Material y métodos

Modelo de evaluación económica, construyendo un árbol de decisión para cada uno de los tratamientos sobre los que existe evidencia científica. Se ha usado la perspectiva del financiador (Sistema Nacional de Salud), considerando sólo los costes del fármaco. La eficacia (proporción de pacientes que responden con el criterio PASI-75) asignada es la que consta en los ensayos clínicos. Cuando había más de un ensayo para cada tratamiento se han realizado metanálisis. Cuando la dosis depende del peso, este último en los sujetos del estudio se ha estandarizado por edad y sexo a la población española, corregido por el incremento de peso de los sujetos con psoriasis. La incertidumbre se ha manejado mediante análisis de sensibilidad.

Resultados y conclusiones

Asignando en los modelos la eficacia de los 15 ensayos clínicos publicados, el agente biológico más eficiente en términos de coste/eficacia es adalimumab, con el que se consigue un respondedor PASI75 a un coste de 8.013 euros. Con el resto de los biológicos y con diferentes pautas el coste/respondedor osciló entre 9.370 € y 17.112 €. El análisis de sensibilidad confirma la robustez de estos hallazgos.

Palabras clave:
psoriasis
eficiencia
terapia biológica
metanálisis
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