Journal Information
Vol. 102. Issue 1.
Pages 48-52 (January - February 2011)
Share
Share
Download PDF
More article options
Vol. 102. Issue 1.
Pages 48-52 (January - February 2011)
Original article
Full text access
Effectiveness of Primary Care Physicians and Dermatologists in the Diagnosis of Skin Cancer: a Comparative Study in the Same Geographic Area
Estudio comparativo de la habilidad en el diagnóstico clínico del cáncer cutáneo entre el médico de familia y el dermatólogo en una misma área geográfica
Visits
6590
R.M. Ojeda
Corresponding author
rosam.ojeda@gmail.com

Corresponding author.
, J. Graells
Servicio de Dermatología, Hospital Comarcal de Sant Boi de Llobregat, Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, Sant Boi de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
This item has received
Article information
Abstract
Background

Skin cancer is the most common malignant tumor in white individuals. Early diagnosis and treatment are key factors in reducing morbidity. We performed a prospective observational study throughout 2008 to assess the ability of primary care physicians to diagnose nonmelanoma skin cancer.

Methods

The study was undertaken in a single geographic area corresponding to the region served by a primary health care center. Patients who were referred to a dermatologist were included if the primary care physician indicated skin cancer in the differential diagnosis on the referral form. Patients were also included if the dermatologist suspected skin cancer even if the referral from primary care had not indicated it.

Results

Primary care physicians had a sensitivity of 0.45 and a specificity of 0.16 for the diagnosis of skin cancer, whereas dermatologists had a sensitivity of 0.97 and a specificity of 0.75. The κ statistic as a measure of agreement was –0.56.

Conclusions

The ability of primary care physicians to diagnose skin cancer was appreciably lower than that of dermatologists. This may result in substantial delays in the provision of appropriate care for patients with skin cancer considering the role played by primary care physicians in screening for the disease in the Spanish national health system.

Keywords:
Primary care
Family doctors
Diagnostic agreement
Nonmelanoma skin cancer
Resumen
Introducción

El cáncer cutáneo es la neoplasia maligna más frecuente en la población de raza blanca. El diagnóstico y tratamiento precoces son claves para disminuir su morbilidad. Hemos realizado un estudio prospectivo observacional a lo largo del año 2008 para valorar la capacidad del médico de familia (MF) en el diagnóstico clínico del cáncer cutáneo no melanoma.

Métodos

Se han incluido los pacientes de una única área geográfica remitidos desde el área básica de salud (ABS) al dermatólogo, en cuyo volante de derivación el MF sugirió cáncer cutáneo en el diagnóstico diferencial. También se incluyeron todos aquellos pacientes remitidos por el MF sin sospecha de cáncer cutáneo no melanoma en los que el dermatólogo (D) sí sospechó cáncer.

Resultados

El MF obtuvo una sensibilidad (S) del 0,45 y una especificidad (E) del 0,16 en el diagnóstico del cáncer cutáneo, mientras que en el caso del D aquellas fueron del 0,97 y 0,75 respectivamente. El índice de concordancia Kappa fue de −0,56.

Conclusiones

El MF mostró habilidades sensiblemente inferiores a las del D en el diagnóstico clínico del cáncer cutáneo. Esta circunstancia puede implicar retrasos importantes en el adecuado manejo terapéutico de esta patología, teniendo en cuenta su papel de cribado en el Sistema Nacional de Salud.

Palabras clave:
Atención primaria
Médicos de familia
Concordancia diagnóstica
Cáncer cutáneo no melanoma
Full text is only aviable in PDF
References
[1.]
M. Molgó, M.L. Sáenz, A. Lubiano.
Epidemiología del cáncer cutáneo.
Piel, 1 (2006), pp. 9-13
[2.]
J. Marcoval, J. Moreno, A. Torras, E. Baumann, J. Graells, M.I. Gallego.
Evolución del melanoma maligno cutáneo en los últimos 19 años en un hospital terciario de la cuenca mediterránea.
Actas Dermosifiliogr, 99 (2008), pp. 464-468
[3.]
L. García.
La formación y el trabajo del médico de familia con otros especialistas.
Semergen, 29 (2003), pp. 415-419
[4.]
N. Porta, J. San Juan, M.P. Grasa, E. Simal, M. Ara, I. Querol.
Estudio de concordancia diagnóstica en Dermatología entre Atención Primaria y Especializada en el área de salud de un hospital de referencia.
Actas Dermosifiliogr, 99 (2008), pp. 207-212
[5.]
G. Rodríguez, M.C. Villar, M. González, J. García-Cruces, E. López, N. Pombo.
Concordancia diagnóstica entre atención primaria y atención especializada en la evaluación de carcinomas basocelulares.
Gac Sanit, 15 (2001), pp. 255-258
[6.]
A. Morrison, O’Loughlin, F.C. Powell.
Suspected skin malignancy: a comparison of diagnoses of family practitioners and dermatologists in 493 patients.
Int J Dermatol, 40 (2001), pp. 104-107
[7.]
J. Graells, A. Espinola, C. Barrio, M.D. Muñoz, A. Román, N. Parellada.
Cirugía menor ambulatoria dermatológica y crioterapia. Estudio comparativo entre un dermatólogo y médicos de familia.
Actas Dermosifiliogr, 98 (2007), pp. 171-177
[8.]
D.L. Ramsay, A.B. Fox.
The ability of primary care physicians to recognize the common dermatoses.
Arch Dermatol, 117 (1981), pp. 260-262
[9.]
T. Basarab, S.E. Munn, R.R. Jones.
Diagnostic accuracy and appropriateness of general practitioner referrals to a dermatology out-patient clinic.
Br J Dermatol, 135 (1996), pp. 70-73
[10.]
H. Tran, K. Chen, A.C. Lim, J. Jabbour, S. Shumack.
Assessing diagnostic skill in dermatology: A comparison between general practitioners and dermatologists.
Australas J Dermatol, 46 (2005), pp. 230-234
[11.]
J.D. Whited, R.P. Hall, D.L. Simel, R.D. Horner.
Primary care clinicians’ performance for detecting actinic keratoses and skin cancer.
Arch Intern Med, 157 (1997), pp. 985-990
[12.]
R.F. Wagner, D. Wagner, J.M. Tomich, K.D. Wagner, D.J. Grande.
Diagnoses of skin disease: dermatologists vs nondermatologists.
J Dermatol Surg Oncol, 11 (1985), pp. 476-479
[13.]
B.R. Cassileth, W.H. Clark, E.J. Lusk, B.E. Frederick, C.J. Thompson, W.P. Walsh.
How well do physicians recognize melanoma and other problem lesions?.
J Am Acad Dermatol, 14 (1986), pp. 555-560
[14.]
L. Brochez, E. Verhaeghe, L. Bleyen, J.M. Naeyaert.
Diagnostic ability of general practitioners and dermatologists in discriminating pigmented skin lesions.
J Am Acad Dermatol, 144 (2001), pp. 979-986
[15.]
R.C. Burton, C. Howe, L. Adamson, A.L. Reid, P. Hersey, A. Watson, et al.
General practitioner screening for melanoma: sensitivity, specificity, and effect of training.
J Med Screen, 5 (1998), pp. 156-161
[16.]
D.G. Federman, J. Concato, R. Kirsner.
Comparison of dermatologic diagnoses by primary care practitioners and dermatologist.
Arch Fam Med, 8 (1999), pp. 170-172
[17.]
S.C. Chen, D.M. Bravata, E. Weil, I. Olkin.
A comparison of dermatologists and primary care physicians accuracy in diagnosing melanoma.
Arch Dermatol, 137 (2001), pp. 1627-1634
[18.]
S.C. Chen, M.L. Pennie, P. Kolm, E.M. Warshaw, E.L. Weisberg, K.M. Brown, et al.
Diagnosing and managing cutaneous pigmented lesions: primary care physicians versus dermatologists.
J Gen Intern Med, 21 (2006), pp. 678-682
[19.]
S.R. Feldman, M.L. Coates.
Comparing the diagnostic accuracy of dermatologists and nondermatologists.
Arch Dermatol, 137 (2001), pp. 1645-1646
[20.]
B. Gerbert, T. Maurer, T. Berger, S. Pantilat, S. McPhee, M. Wolff, et al.
Primary care physicians as gatekeepers in managed care.
Arch Dermatol, 132 (1996), pp. 1030-1038
[21.]
J.C. Bystryn.
Can nondermatologists really recognize potentially dangerous skin lesions as well as dermatologists?.
Arch Dermatol, 138 (2002), pp. 1378
[22.]
G. Moreno, H. Tran, A. Chia, A. Lim, S. Shumack.
Prospective study to assess general practitioners dermatological diagnostic skills in a referral setting.
Australas J Dermatol, 48 (2007), pp. 77-82
[23.]
S. Capell, P. Comas, T. Piella, J. Rigau, X. Pruna, F. Martínez, et al.
Unidad de diagnóstico rápido: un modelo asistencial eficaz y eficiente. Experiencia de 5 años.
Med Clin (Barc), 123 (2004), pp. 247-250
Copyright © 2011. Academia Española de Dermatología y Venereología and Elsevier España, S.L.
Download PDF
Idiomas
Actas Dermo-Sifiliográficas
Article options
Tools
es en

¿Es usted profesional sanitario apto para prescribir o dispensar medicamentos?

Are you a health professional able to prescribe or dispense drugs?