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Vol. 99. Issue 10.
Pages 803-807 (December 2008)
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Vol. 99. Issue 10.
Pages 803-807 (December 2008)
Case reports
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Chronic Graft-Versus-Host Disease Presenting as Bullous Lesions
Lesiones Ampollosas Como Forma de Presentación de una Enfermedad de Injerto Contra Huésped Crónica
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J. del Pozoa,
Corresponding author
del_pozo@canalejo.org

Correspondence: Servicio de Dermatología, CHU Juan Canalejo, Xubias de Arriba, s/n, 15006 La Coruña, Spain.
, J. García-Silvaa, M.T. Yebra-Pimentelb
a Servicio de Dermatología, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario Juan Canalejo, La Coruña, Spain
b Servicio de Anatomía Patológica, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario Juan Canalejo, La Coruña, Spain
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Abstract

Graft-vs-host disease is still the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in patients undergoing bone marrow transplantation. It is important to start treatment early to reduce the severity and consequences of this complication. Cutaneous lesions are often the presenting compliant of graft-vs-host disease and presage visceral involvement.

We present the case of a 45-year-old woman with multiple myeloma who underwent autologous and subsequently allogeneic bone marrow transplantation with hematopoietic precursors. She developed bullous lesions with fluid elimination on the abdomen and legs. Biopsy findings were compatible with graft-vs-host disease and immunosuppressive therapy was increased. She subsequently presented oral lichenoid lesions and sicca syndrome. The bullous lesions progressed to painful ulcers that healed leaving highly sclerodermatous skin with substantial hyperpigmentation.

Bullous lesions are a rare form of presentation of chronic graft-vs-host disease. In such cases, the diagnosis may not be suspected initially, particularly when the lesions are isolated and internal organs are not involved.

Key words:
chronic graft-vs-host disease
bullous lesions
Resumen

La enfermedad de injerto contra huésped (EICH) continúa siendo la primera causa de morbilidad y mortalidad en los enfermos con trasplante de médula ósea, de modo que un tratamiento precoz es importante para reducir la gravedad y las consecuencias de esta complicación.

Las lesiones cutáneas son en muchas ocasiones la forma de presentación de una EICH y anuncian la afectación visceral.

Presentamos el caso de una paciente de 45 años con mieloma múltiple a la que se realizó primero un trasplante autólogo y posteriormente un trasplante alogénico de médula ósea con precursores hematopoyéticos. Desarrolló lesiones ampollosas con eliminación de líquido en el abdomen y los miembros inferiores. Se realizó una biopsia que fue compatible con una EICH y se aumentó el tratamiento inmunodepresor. La paciente posteriormente presentó lesiones liquenoides orales, síndrome seco y las lesiones ampollosas que evolucionaron a úlceras dolorosas, que cicatrizaron con un intenso aspecto esclerodermiforme e importante hiperpigmentación.

Las lesiones ampollosas son una forma de presentación excepcional en la EICH crónica, y en estos casos la sospecha inicial del diagnóstico puede ser difícil, sobre todo cuando se presentan de forma aislada sin afectación de órganos internos.

Palabras clave:
enfermedad injerto contra huésped crónica
lesiones ampollosas
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Copyright © 2008. Academia Española de Dermatología y Venereología and Elsevier España, S.L.
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