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Vol. 99. Issue 3.
Pages 199-206 (April 2008)
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Vol. 99. Issue 3.
Pages 199-206 (April 2008)
Original articles
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Analysis of Cytogenetic Abnormalities in Squamous Cell Carcinoma by Array Comparative Genomic Hybridization
Estudio de Las Lesiones Citogenéticas en el Carcinoma Escamoso Cutá-Neo Mediante la Técnica de Arrays de Hibridación Genómica Comparada
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R. Salgadoa, A. Tollb,
Corresponding author
93828@imas.imim.es

Correspondence: Servicio de Dermatología, Hospital del Mar, Passeig Marítim, 25-29, 08003 Barcelona, Spain.
, B. Espineta, E. González-Rocac, C.L. Barrancoa, S. Serranoa, F. Soléa, R.M. Pujolb
a Servicio de Anatomía Patológica, Laboratorio de Citogenética y Biología Molecular, Barcelona, Spain
b Servicio de Dermatología, Hospital del Mar, Barcelona, Spain
c Laboratorio de Microarrays, Departamento de Bioinformática i Genòmica, Centro de Regulación Genómica (CRG), Barcelona, Spain
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Abstract
Introduction

Few conventional cytogenetic studies of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) have been performed to date. The introduction of cytogenetic techniques such as comparative genomic hybridization (CGH) has resolved some of the problems associated with conventional cytogenetics. The aim of this study was to analyze the presence of genetic abnormalities in a series of patients with SCC using the technique of array CGH.

Material and methods

The study included 8 patients (7 men and 1 woman; mean age, 75 years) diagnosed with primary SCC. DNA was extracted from frozen tissue and analyzed by array CGH.

Results

All cases had genetic alterations, with gains more frequent than losses. The chromosomal regions with gains, in descending order of frequency, were as follows: 5p15.2, 9q31.3-q33.2, 13q, 18q22, 1p21-p22, 1q24-q25, 3p13, 4q33-q34 (HMGB2, SAP30), 20p12.2 (JAG1), 21q21.1, and Xq21.33. The region 9p13.1-p13.3 was the only one to display recurrent loss. No correlation was observed between the presence of gains or losses and the clinical and pathologic characteristics of the tumors.

Conclusions

This is the first study to use the technique of array CGH to analyze genetic alterations in SCC. The finding of certain previously described aberrations (gain of 5p) suggests the existence of recurrent abnormalities. Likewise, the observation of alterations in small regions of chromosome 1 highlights the sensitivity of the technique to detect small changes. Application of the technique to a larger series of cases will provide greater insight into the genetic abnormalities implicated in the process of tumorigenesis in SCC.

Key words:
array
comparative genomic hybridization
cytogenetics
cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma
Resumen
Introducción

Los estudios de citogenética convencional realizados en el carcinoma escamoso cutáneo (CEC) son escasos. La introducción de las técnicas de citogenética, como la de hibridación genómica comparada (HGC), solventan algunos de los inconvenientes planteados por las técnicas de citogenética convencional. El objetivo de este estudio es analizar la presencia de alteraciones genéticas mediante la técnica de array-HGC en una serie de CEC.

Material y métodos

Se estudiaron un total de 8 pacientes (7 varones/una mujer; edad media: 75 años) diagnosticados de CEC primario. Se realizó extracción de ADN a partir de material congelado y se realizó la técnica de array-HGC.

Resultados

Todos los casos mostraron alteraciones genéticas, siendo más frecuentes las ganancias que las pérdidas. Las regiones cromosómicas en las que se observaron ganancias, en orden decreciente, fueron 5p15.2, 9q31.3-q33.2, 13q, 18q22, 1p21-p22, 1q24-q25, 3p13, 4q33-q34 (HMGB2, SAP30), 20p12.2 (JAG1), 21q21.1, Xq21.33. La región 9p13.1-p13.3 fue la única que mostró una pérdida recurrente. No se detectó una correlación entre la presencia de ganancias o pérdidas y las características clínico-patológicas de los tumores.

Conclusiones

Este estudio es el primero descrito en el que se utiliza la técnica de array-HGC con el fin de analizar las alteraciones genéticas del CEC. El hallazgo de algunas aberraciones ya descritas (ganancia de 5p) muestra la posibilidad de que existan lesiones recurrentes. Asimismo, la observación de pequeñas regiones alteradas (cromosoma 1) demuestra la sensibilidad de esta técnica en la detección de alteraciones de pequeño tamaño. Su aplicación en una serie amplia de casos podrá proporcionar un mayor conocimiento de las alteraciones genéticas implicadas en el proceso de tumorogénesis del CEC.

Palabras clave:
array
hibridación genómica comparada
citogenética
carcinoma escamoso cutáneo
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This study was funded by a grant from the Health Research Fund (Fondo de Investigación Sanitaria) of the Spanish Ministry of Health (grant PI041728).

Copyright © 2008. Academia Española de Dermatología y Venereología and Elsevier España, S.L.
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