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The procedures covered were Mohs micrographic surgery&#44; repair of lacerations&#44; standard excisions&#44; and tooth extractions&#46; The analysis included 13 studies with 11071 patients&#44; of whom 2741 had participated in randomized clinical trials with sterile gloves &#40;n<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>1360&#41; or nonsterile glove &#40;n<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>1381&#41; and 8330 were from observational studies with sterile gloves &#40;n<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>4680&#41; or nonsterile gloves &#40;n<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>3650&#41;&#46; SSI was detected in 2&#46;1&#37; &#40;107&#47;5031&#41; of individuals operated on by surgeons using nonsterile gloves compared with 2&#46;0&#37; &#40;121&#47;6040&#41; whose surgeon wore sterile gloves&#46; Therefore&#44; no significant differences were observed between both types of glove &#40;RR&#44; 1&#46;06&#59; 95&#37;&#160;CI&#44; 0&#46;81-1&#46;39&#41;&#46;</p><p id="par0015" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">A specific analysis of patients who underwent Mohs micrographic surgery &#40;n<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>4899&#41; revealed similar results &#40;RR&#44; 1&#46;15&#59; 95&#37;&#160;CI&#44; 0&#46;68-1&#46;97&#41;&#46; Sterile gloves were used in 2139 patients and nonsterile gloves in 2760&#46; SSI was detected in 23 cases &#40;1&#46;07&#37;&#41; and 35 cases &#40;1&#46;27&#37;&#41;&#44; respectively&#44; with no significant differences between the groups &#40;RR&#44; 1&#46;15&#59; 95&#37;&#160;CI&#44; 0&#46;68-1&#46;97&#41;&#46; The meta-analysis excluded a prospective study of Mohs micrographic surgery &#40;n<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>1204&#41; with nonsterile gloves because there was no control group&#46; In the study&#44; 11 cases of SSI &#40;0&#46;9&#37;&#41; were reported&#46; When these patients were included in the total cohort of the meta-analysis&#44; the frequency of SSI with nonsterile gloves fell to only 1&#46;9&#37; &#40;vs 2&#46;0&#37; with sterile gloves&#41;&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0040"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span></a></p><p id="par0020" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Since January 2017&#44; the United States Food and Drug Administration &#40;FDA&#41; has banned the use of powdered gloves of any type&#44; whether sterile or not&#46; This is the second time in history that the FDA has prohibited the use of a medical device&#46; Their decision was based on the numerous adverse reactions caused by the gloves&#44; namely&#44; allergic and&#47;or inflammatory respiratory conditions&#44; inflammation of the surgical site&#44; formation of foreign body granulomas&#44; and postsurgical adhesions&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0045"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">3</span></a> Prevention of these adverse effects would save approximately &#36;30 million per year in the USA&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0050"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">4</span></a> As an alternative&#44; powder-free nitrile or neoprene gloves provide a similar level of protection as powdered gloves with an acceptable degree of comfort&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0055"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">5&#44;6</span></a></p><p id="par0025" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Cost-effective measures that do not compromise the safety of patients or health professionals must be used to ensure the sustainability of the health system&#46; In the light of new evidence&#44; it seems reasonable to recommend the use of nonsterile and powder-free gloves in dermatologic surgery&#46;</p></span>"
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Resident's Forum
What Should We Use? Recommendations on Appropriate Gloves for Dermatologic Surgery
¿Qué tipo de guantes debemos utilizar en la cirugía dermatológica? Recomendaciones sobre los guantes a emplear
X. Bosch-Amate, D. Morgado-Carrasco, J. Riera-Monroig, J. Ferrando
Autor para correspondencia
juanferrandobarbera@gmail.com

Corresponding author.
Servicio de Dermatología, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Barcelona, España
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The procedures covered were Mohs micrographic surgery&#44; repair of lacerations&#44; standard excisions&#44; and tooth extractions&#46; The analysis included 13 studies with 11071 patients&#44; of whom 2741 had participated in randomized clinical trials with sterile gloves &#40;n<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>1360&#41; or nonsterile glove &#40;n<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>1381&#41; and 8330 were from observational studies with sterile gloves &#40;n<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>4680&#41; or nonsterile gloves &#40;n<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>3650&#41;&#46; SSI was detected in 2&#46;1&#37; &#40;107&#47;5031&#41; of individuals operated on by surgeons using nonsterile gloves compared with 2&#46;0&#37; &#40;121&#47;6040&#41; whose surgeon wore sterile gloves&#46; Therefore&#44; no significant differences were observed between both types of glove &#40;RR&#44; 1&#46;06&#59; 95&#37;&#160;CI&#44; 0&#46;81-1&#46;39&#41;&#46;</p><p id="par0015" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">A specific analysis of patients who underwent Mohs micrographic surgery &#40;n<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>4899&#41; revealed similar results &#40;RR&#44; 1&#46;15&#59; 95&#37;&#160;CI&#44; 0&#46;68-1&#46;97&#41;&#46; Sterile gloves were used in 2139 patients and nonsterile gloves in 2760&#46; SSI was detected in 23 cases &#40;1&#46;07&#37;&#41; and 35 cases &#40;1&#46;27&#37;&#41;&#44; respectively&#44; with no significant differences between the groups &#40;RR&#44; 1&#46;15&#59; 95&#37;&#160;CI&#44; 0&#46;68-1&#46;97&#41;&#46; The meta-analysis excluded a prospective study of Mohs micrographic surgery &#40;n<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>1204&#41; with nonsterile gloves because there was no control group&#46; In the study&#44; 11 cases of SSI &#40;0&#46;9&#37;&#41; were reported&#46; When these patients were included in the total cohort of the meta-analysis&#44; the frequency of SSI with nonsterile gloves fell to only 1&#46;9&#37; &#40;vs 2&#46;0&#37; with sterile gloves&#41;&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0040"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span></a></p><p id="par0020" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Since January 2017&#44; the United States Food and Drug Administration &#40;FDA&#41; has banned the use of powdered gloves of any type&#44; whether sterile or not&#46; This is the second time in history that the FDA has prohibited the use of a medical device&#46; Their decision was based on the numerous adverse reactions caused by the gloves&#44; namely&#44; allergic and&#47;or inflammatory respiratory conditions&#44; inflammation of the surgical site&#44; formation of foreign body granulomas&#44; and postsurgical adhesions&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0045"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">3</span></a> Prevention of these adverse effects would save approximately &#36;30 million per year in the USA&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0050"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">4</span></a> As an alternative&#44; powder-free nitrile or neoprene gloves provide a similar level of protection as powdered gloves with an acceptable degree of comfort&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0055"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">5&#44;6</span></a></p><p id="par0025" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Cost-effective measures that do not compromise the safety of patients or health professionals must be used to ensure the sustainability of the health system&#46; In the light of new evidence&#44; it seems reasonable to recommend the use of nonsterile and powder-free gloves in dermatologic surgery&#46;</p></span>"
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