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a figure that amounts to 9&#46;3&#37; of our gross domestic product&#46; Population-adjusted health costs increased from &#8364;1978 per inhabitant in 2007 to &#8364;2095&#160;in 2011&#44; corresponding to an average annual increase of 1&#46;4&#37;&#46;</p><p id="par0015" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The diagnosis and treatment of tumors accounts for nearly 10&#37; of the national health system&#39;s spending&#46; Ninety percent and 46&#37; of this spending occurs in the last 6 and 2 months of patients&#8217; lives&#44; respectively&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0110"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">3</span></a></p><p id="par0020" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">An article on US health expenditure described melanoma as one of the most costly cancers when diagnosis&#44; treatment&#44; and follow-up are all taken into consideration&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0115"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">4</span></a> A Spanish cost study concluded that the highest cost category was for metastatic melanoma and that prevention and awareness could contribute to large savings&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0110"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">3</span></a></p><p id="par0025" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Melanoma is a proliferation of atypical melanocytes in the epidermis&#46; It can extend to the dermis and subcutaneous cellular tissue&#44; evade the immune system<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0120"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">5</span></a> while invading underlying tissues and metastasizing to other organs through the lymphatic or circulatory systems&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0125"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">6</span></a> This course of disease corresponds to the different stages in the classification system of the American Joint Committee on Cancer&#44; in which stage I melanoma tumors are 1<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>mm thick or less&#59; stage II tumors measure between 1&#46;01<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>and 4<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>mm and lymph nodes are unaffected&#59; stage III has spread beyond the tumor to reach the lymph nodes&#59; and stage IV involves distant metastasis&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0130"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">7</span></a></p><p id="par0030" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">We aimed to assess costs related to melanoma in these 4 stages of disease&#44; from the time of the first visit to the dermatologist until therapeutic and follow-up processes end&#46; We identified points in diagnostic and treatment when the final costs generated by a patient could be modified&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0010" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0070">Material and Methods</span><p id="par0035" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">We used the activity-based costing approach for this analysis&#44; constructing tables showing costs for diagnostic&#44; treatment&#44; and follow-up activities recommended by clinical practice guidelines for treating patients with melanoma in each stage&#46;</p><p id="par0040" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Amounts were extracted from official Spanish publications<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0135"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">8&#8211;10</span></a> and adjusted to euro values for 2015 at an annual interest rate of 3&#37;&#46; The Official Gazette of the government of Navarre<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0135"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">8</span></a> provided fees for hospital processes organized by diagnosis-related groups corresponding to the International Classification of Diseases&#44; 9th Revision&#44; Clinical Modification&#44; and by procedures performed in an operating room&#46; The only costs included that are not in the aforementioned categories corresponded to the anatomical therapeutic chemical classification system for active ingredients of drugs&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0110"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">3&#44;9&#44;10</span></a> Costs corresponding to human resources &#40;hospital staff salaries&#41; and maintenance of facilities are embedded in each concept&#46; Costs incurred outside the hospital were excluded&#46;</p><p id="par0045" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Our analysis was for care in keeping with Spanish clinical practice guidelines&#44;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0150"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">11</span></a> but when such guidelines did not provide specific information&#44; we used those of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0155"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">12</span></a> Included were the cost of visits&#44; diagnostic and related tests&#44; surgery and medical treatments at each stage of the disease&#44; with follow-up for 10 years&#46; The frequency of follow-up activities varied by stage&#46;</p><p id="par0050" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The states of health assessed correspond to the phases of the diagnostic or therapeutic processes involved &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0005">Fig&#46; 1</a>&#41;&#58;<ul class="elsevierStyleList" id="lis0005"><li class="elsevierStyleListItem" id="lsti0005"><span class="elsevierStyleLabel">1&#46;</span><p id="par0055" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Phase 1&#58; Excision of the primary lesion&#46; Applied to all patients&#44; this step was the only treatment for tumors in stage I if no risk factors for recurrence were present &#40;stage IA&#41;&#46; For patients at low risk of recurrence excision was performed as minor surgery&#46; Melanoma in situ was not included&#46;</p></li><li class="elsevierStyleListItem" id="lsti0010"><span class="elsevierStyleLabel">2&#46;</span><p id="par0060" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Phase 2&#58; Wide-margin surgery to excise the primary lesion and perform sentinel lymph node biopsy &#40;SLNB&#41; &#40;stage II&#44; in the absence of clinical signs of lymph node involvement&#41;&#46;</p></li><li class="elsevierStyleListItem" id="lsti0015"><span class="elsevierStyleLabel">3&#46;</span><p id="par0065" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Phase 3&#58; Metastasis to lymph nodes&#46; If SLNB findings were initially positive or nodal disease was found on recurrence&#44; nodes in the basin draining the tumor &#40;stage III&#41; were dissected&#46; Further systemic or local treatment complemented the initial treatment&#46;</p></li><li class="elsevierStyleListItem" id="lsti0020"><span class="elsevierStyleLabel">4&#46;</span><p id="par0070" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Phase 4&#58; Systemic treatment in cases of distant metastasis &#40;stage IV&#41; at diagnosis or on recurrence&#46;</p></li></ul></p><elsevierMultimedia ident="fig0005"></elsevierMultimedia><p id="par0075" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The costs of wide-margin surgery with SLNB were weighted to reflect the complication rates with and without complete lymph node dissection<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0160"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">13</span></a> &#40;37&#46;4&#37; and 10&#46;1&#37;&#44; respectively&#41;&#46; In both cases costs were increased by 30&#37; because 2 surgical procedures were performed during the same session&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0135"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">8</span></a> In addition&#44; we also weighted SLNB costs by another 17&#37; when multiple-nodal drainage basins were mapped&#44; as in the Sunbelt Melanoma Trial&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0165"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">14</span></a></p><p id="par0080" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">As part of the standard study of tumor extension we included laboratory analyses and CT scans if node involvement was detected&#46; Such studies of extension are not recommended if the sentinel node is found to be negative for tumor cells&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0155"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">12</span></a> Positron emission tomography &#40;PET&#41; CT or magnetic resonance imaging could be ordered if the patient with advanced-stage melanoma was symptomatic&#44; but these tests are not part of the standard protocol and were therefore not included in this cost study&#44; with the sole exception of magnetic resonance imaging of the brain in stage IV melanoma&#46;</p><p id="par0085" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">When there was node involvement&#44; radiation and interferon-&#945; &#40;INF&#41; were prescribed and INF treatment was added to the final cost&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0150"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">11&#44;12</span></a> Immune therapy with anti-CTLA-4 antibodies &#40;1 dose every 3 weeks and a maximum of 4 treatments&#41; was used for stage IV tumors&#44; and these costs were also added&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0155"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">12</span></a> Other drug costs&#44;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0145"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">10</span></a> such as for dacarbazine &#40;2 cycles of 5 days every 21 days&#41; and <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">BRAF</span> inhibitors &#40;vemurafenib&#44; 8 tablets&#47;d for 3 months&#41; were likewise included&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0145"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">10</span></a> Radiotherapy and radiosurgery could also be used in these cases&#44; depending on type of metastasis and location&#46; The costs of radiation for all patients were included&#46;</p><p id="par0090" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Follow-up schedules varied according to stage&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0150"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">11</span></a> Patients with stage IA melanoma attended 2<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>follow-up visits in the first year&#44; at which time lactate dehydrogenase levels were assessed and the nodal basin&#44; abdomen and pelvis were explored by ultrasound&#46; A chest radiograph was also ordered &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0005">Table 1</a>&#41;&#46; Patients with stage IB-IIA tumors were checked more often in the first and following years&#46; Other tests included in the follow-up of stage IIB and higher varied according to year&#44; patient symptoms&#44; and risk factors&#46; The cost of CT or PET-CT scanning was entered if those images were recommended in guidelines&#46; Costs that contributed to better follow-up of disease were thus included&#46;</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="tbl0005"></elsevierMultimedia><p id="par0095" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Finally&#44; total costs &#40;for all diagnostic and treatment activities plus follow-up costs for 10 years&#41; were analyzed according to stage at diagnosis&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0015" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0075">Results</span><p id="par0100" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The total cost of the diagnostic process and surgical treatment of a phase-1 primary lesion came to &#8364;2591&#160;with a regimen of major outpatient surgery and &#8364;1177 with minor surgery &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0010">Table 2</a>&#41;&#46; The cost of wide-margin excision of primary melanoma tumors larger than 1<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>mm plus SLNB are shown in <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0015">Table 3</a>&#46; If the dissected lymph nodes were negative&#44; the cost per patient was &#8364;6977&#46; For cases with positive nodes&#44; the cost with additional INF treatment &#40;5-day cycles every 4 weeks&#41; was &#8364;23<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>823 &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0020">Table 4</a>&#41;&#46; If adjuvant radiation therapy was prescribed instead&#44; the cost was &#8364;14<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>454&#46;</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="tbl0010"></elsevierMultimedia><elsevierMultimedia ident="tbl0015"></elsevierMultimedia><elsevierMultimedia ident="tbl0020"></elsevierMultimedia><p id="par0105" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Costs in cases of lymph node recurrence were similar&#44; at &#8364;20<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>862 with adjuvant INF and &#8364;11<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>493 with adjuvant radiation &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0020">Table 4</a>&#41;&#46; The maximum cost for a patient with this clinical status was &#8364;30<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>430 before follow-up&#44; assuming an initially negative SLNB result&#46;</p><p id="par0110" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The costs generated for a patient with distant metastasis were those corresponding to excision of the primary tumor plus those for treating stage IV melanoma&#44; giving totals of &#8364;84<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>764&#44; &#8364;36<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>357&#44; and &#8364;10<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>517&#44; depending on which chemotherapeutic drugs were used &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0025">Table 5</a>&#41;&#46; If distant metastasis were detected on recurrence of disease&#44; the cost of SLNB was also added whether the biopsy results were positive &#40;&#8364;108<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>587&#41; or negative &#40;&#8364;91<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>741&#41;&#46; The cost of death was entered as zero&#46;</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="tbl0025"></elsevierMultimedia><p id="par0115" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Follow-up costs varied according to stage and there were yearly variations for each stage<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0150"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">11</span></a> as well&#59; costs for the different time horizons are shown in <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0030">Table 6</a> &#40;maximum diagnostic costs&#41;&#46; Thus&#44; the costs generated for any patient can be calculated by adding&#44; for example&#44; the cost of INF treatment for a patient diagnosed with IIB-IIC cancer at high risk of recurrence&#46;</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="tbl0030"></elsevierMultimedia><p id="par0120" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">To calculate the total cost for a patient with a tumor 1<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>mm thick over a period of 8<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>years after diagnosis&#44; the cost of excising a phase-1 primary lesion must be added to phase-2 costs&#44; if we are contemplating the most likely course of disease&#46; That course would probably include a negative biopsy result &#40;considering the rate of positivity is 15&#46;9&#37;&#41;&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0170"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">15</span></a> However&#44; there would probably be recurrence by 3 years &#40;as most recurrences appear within 2 to 3 years<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0175"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">16</span></a>&#41;&#46; Phase-3 costs would thus be added to the costs for the first 3 years of follow-up for a stage IIA tumor and 5 years of follow-up for a stage III tumor&#46; Thus the total cost would come to &#8364;47<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>658&#46; Should recurrence involve distant metastasis&#44; the total cost of care would rise to &#8364;108<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>969&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0020" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0080">Discussion</span><p id="par0125" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">This cost analysis included the most recent data available for cutaneous melanoma in the Spanish national health system&#46; We took into consideration the use of new technologies and therapies recommended by national and international guidelines&#44; thus providing an up-to-date overview of the economic impact of melanoma over the natural course of this disease&#46;</p><p id="par0130" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The premise underlying this study is that the first step in applying the tools of economic analysis to health care processes assumes that we are aware of actual costs&#46; We therefore proposed a scenario encompassing all patients with a diagnosis of cutaneous melanoma and the possible variations in their clinical courses&#46; Using this approach we were able to calculate the spending on health care resources for individual patients based on an understanding of costs generated in treating all patients diagnosed in the same stage of disease in Spain&#46; Although the incidence of this disease is not among the highest reported&#44; we estimate there are over 10<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>000 new cases of melanoma that require resource allocation every year&#46;</p><p id="par0135" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">One of the most important findings of our study was the large rise in costs according to stage at diagnosis&#46; Spending on treatment for patients with the worst prognosis can be up to 52-fold higher than that required by patients with the most favorable prognosis&#46; The largest differences by stages were found between IA or IB-IIA and <span class="elsevierStyleSmallCaps">III</span> or <span class="elsevierStyleSmallCaps">IV</span>&#44; in which costs are 6-fold and 3-fold higher&#44; respectively&#46; Another noteworthy finding was that costs more than doubled when there was lymph node involvement&#44; consistent with a previous report&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0110"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">3</span></a> Follow-up costs were also found to differ by stage&#46; First-year follow-up for patients in stage IA can be up to 7-fold higher than for patients already in stages IIB-IV&#46; Yet another important finding was the small difference in the cost of treating lymph node involvement found during diagnosis versus during recurrence&#59; the cost is higher when found during diagnosis&#46;</p><p id="par0140" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Our results differed from those of an earlier study&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0110"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">3</span></a> We calculated costs for treating patients diagnosed in stages <span class="elsevierStyleSmallCaps">I</span> and <span class="elsevierStyleSmallCaps">III</span> to be twice as high as in the earlier study&#44; mainly due to the current costs of the surgical procedure and possibly due to pricing differences in the Spanish autonomous communities studied&#46; However&#44; the greatest discrepancies between the 2 studies affected stages <span class="elsevierStyleSmallCaps">II</span> and <span class="elsevierStyleSmallCaps">IV</span>&#46; Changes in treatments applied are mainly responsible for differences in stage IV costs&#46;</p><p id="par0145" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">What is evident in both studies is the clear rise in the cost of treating melanoma in different stages&#46; Costs are particularly high in stage IV&#46; Others have stressed the economic impact of early rather than late detection of cutaneous melanoma&#44; pointing out the high direct costs of diagnosing the disease in advanced stages as well as the cost in time for patients&#44; which also increases with stage because of more frequent follow-up testing and the fact that some treatments must be done in a hospital&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0115"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">4&#44;17</span></a></p><p id="par0150" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Our findings show that higher spending in advanced stages is associated with differences in treatment approaches used&#46; A standardized&#44; effective treatment for metastatic melanoma is not currently available&#44; even though this scenario calls for the avoidance of toxicity as well as conserving resources&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0185"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">18</span></a> The lack of cost-effective therapies in advanced melanoma argues in favor of preventing the disease or diagnosing it early&#46; Australia&#44; where the incidence of melanoma is among the highest in the world&#44; has introduced prevention and awareness campaigns through which they diagnose more noninvasive melanomas&#44; leading to considerable savings in health care costs&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0190"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">19</span></a></p><p id="par0155" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">As mentioned&#44; we have not included all possible treatment costs&#44; given the large variety of individual or combined therapies&#46; Nor have we considered the great variability among patients&#46; Likewise&#44; we have not calculated the impact of side effects&#44; palliative care&#44; or the treatment of local or in-transit recurrence&#46; These limitations must be borne in mind&#46; Our decision to assign a cost of zero to death is another limitation&#44; given that some patients die in hospital or have used health care resources during their last year of life&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0025" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0085">Conclusions</span><p id="par0160" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">This study has provided the basis for a cost-effectiveness analysis required for evaluating the techniques and therapies used to manage cutaneous melanoma and decide whether some activities might be replaced by others&#44; potentially lowering costs without negatively affecting patient health&#46; Future studies could usefully assess strategies for primary prevention of melanoma and early detection programs in the interest of reducing resource consumption&#44; in fact&#44; early diagnosis could lead to 50-fold lower costs in the first year&#46; The fundamental goal would be to increase effectiveness as measured in gains in life-years or health quality-adjusted life years&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0030" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0090">Ethical Disclosures</span><span id="sec0035" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0095">Protection of human and animal subjects</span><p id="par0165" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The authors declare that no experiments were performed on humans or animals for this investigation&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0040" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0100">Data confidentiality</span><p id="par0170" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The authors declare that no private patient data are disclosed in this article&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0045" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0105">Right to privacy and informed consent</span><p id="par0175" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The authors declare that no private patient data are disclosed in this article&#46;</p></span></span><span id="sec0050" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0110">Conflicts of Interest</span><p id="par0180" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest&#46;</p></span></span>"
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    "fechaRecibido" => "2015-12-07"
    "fechaAceptado" => "2016-09-16"
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            1 => "Cost analysis"
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            0 => "Melanoma cut&#225;neo"
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        "resumen" => "<span id="abst0005" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0010">Background and objective</span><p id="spar0005" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">The basis for optimal resource allocation is an understanding of requirements during the diagnostic and treatment phases&#46; Costs associated with the rising incidence of cutaneous melanoma are considerable&#46; We undertook an up-to-date analysis of the cost of diagnosis&#44; treatment&#44; and follow-up according to tumor stage&#46;</p></span> <span id="abst0010" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0015">Methods</span><p id="spar0010" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">We constructed descriptive tables following a theoretical model of direct costs based on amounts published in directives for the Spanish national health system and in international guidelines for managing cutaneous melanoma according to stage at diagnosis and clinical course&#46; The tables allowed us to calculate the cost of treating individual patients as well as the expected cost for all patients with tumors in the same stage&#46;</p></span> <span id="abst0015" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0020">Results</span><p id="spar0015" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Individual patients would generate costs ranging from &#8364;1689 &#40;for a stage <span class="elsevierStyleSmallCaps">I</span> tumor&#41; to &#8364;88<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>268 &#40;stage <span class="elsevierStyleSmallCaps">IV</span>&#41;&#46; The largest differences were between stages IA and IB&#8211;IIA and between stages <span class="elsevierStyleSmallCaps">III</span> and <span class="elsevierStyleSmallCaps">IV</span>&#46; Costs differed greatly between patients with early-stage tumors and favorable outcomes and those with recurring tumors&#44; which cost 50-fold more in the first year and 20-fold more after 10 years of follow-up&#46;</p></span> <span id="abst0020" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0025">Conclusions</span><p id="spar0020" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">The high cost of diagnosing advanced-stage cutaneous melanoma calls attention to the need to promote primary prevention and early detection&#46; Our findings provide the knowledge base for cost-effectiveness studies in this disease&#46;</p></span>"
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      "es" => array:3 [
        "titulo" => "Resumen"
        "resumen" => "<span id="abst0025" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0035">Introducci&#243;n y objetivo</span><p id="spar0025" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">El conocimiento de los recursos utilizados en cada uno de los pasos del diagn&#243;stico y tratamiento de las enfermedades es la base para poder optimizarlos&#46; El melanoma cut&#225;neo es un tipo tumoral en constante incremento&#44; y con un importante coste asociado&#44; por lo que se ha realizado un an&#225;lisis actualizado de los costes de los procesos de su diagn&#243;stico&#44; terapia y seguimiento en funci&#243;n del estadio de la enfermedad&#46;</p></span> <span id="abst0030" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0040">M&#233;todos</span><p id="spar0030" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Se han elaborado tablas descriptivas de costes directos a partir de un modelo te&#243;rico basado en directrices nacionales e internacionales de manejo de pacientes con melanoma cut&#225;neo dependiendo del momento de diagn&#243;stico y evoluci&#243;n&#46; Estas tablas permiten saber el coste de cada paciente individual y de todos aquellos en un mismo estadio&#46;</p></span> <span id="abst0035" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0045">Resultados</span><p id="spar0035" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Los costes para un paciente en el primer a&#241;o oscilan entre los 1&#46;689&#160;&#8364; del estadio <span class="elsevierStyleSmallCaps">I</span> y los 88&#46;268&#160;&#8364; del estadio <span class="elsevierStyleSmallCaps">IV</span>&#44; las mayores diferencias se encuentran entre el estadio IA y el IB-IIA y entre el <span class="elsevierStyleSmallCaps">III</span> y <span class="elsevierStyleSmallCaps">IV</span>&#46; Si comparamos los costes de los pacientes en estadio precoz con buena evoluci&#243;n con los de aquellos que recidivaron&#44; las diferencias son considerables&#58; llegan a ser de hasta 50 veces mayores en el primer a&#241;o y 20 veces mayores en el seguimiento a 10 a&#241;os&#46;</p></span> <span id="abst0040" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0050">Conclusiones</span><p id="spar0040" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Los elevados costes del diagn&#243;stico del melanoma cut&#225;neo en estadio avanzado evidencian la necesidad de promocionar la prevenci&#243;n primaria y los programas de detecci&#243;n precoz&#46; Nuestros resultados servir&#225;n como base para posteriores estudios de coste-efectividad&#46;</p></span>"
        "secciones" => array:4 [
          0 => array:2 [
            "identificador" => "abst0025"
            "titulo" => "Introducci&#243;n y objetivo"
          ]
          1 => array:2 [
            "identificador" => "abst0030"
            "titulo" => "M&#233;todos"
          ]
          2 => array:2 [
            "identificador" => "abst0035"
            "titulo" => "Resultados"
          ]
          3 => array:2 [
            "identificador" => "abst0040"
            "titulo" => "Conclusiones"
          ]
        ]
      ]
    ]
    "NotaPie" => array:1 [
      0 => array:2 [
        "etiqueta" => "&#9734;"
        "nota" => "<p class="elsevierStyleNotepara" id="npar0060">Please cite this article as&#58; Serra-Arbeloa P&#44; Rabines-Ju&#225;rez &#193;O&#44; &#193;lvarez-Ruiz MS&#44; Guill&#233;n-Grima F&#46; Estudio descriptivo de costes en melanoma cut&#225;neo de diferentes estadios&#46; Actas Dermosifiliogr&#46; 2017&#59;108&#58;229&#8211;236&#46;</p>"
      ]
    ]
    "multimedia" => array:7 [
      0 => array:7 [
        "identificador" => "fig0005"
        "etiqueta" => "Figure 1"
        "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIAFIGURA"
        "mostrarFloat" => true
        "mostrarDisplay" => false
        "figura" => array:1 [
          0 => array:4 [
            "imagen" => "gr1.jpeg"
            "Alto" => 1378
            "Ancho" => 3337
            "Tamanyo" => 215947
          ]
        ]
        "descripcion" => array:1 [
          "en" => "<p id="spar0045" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Diagnosis and treatment protocol for melanoma&#46; No consensus-based recommendation to perform SLNB when the Breslow thickness is between 1mm and 4mm is currently available&#46; Therefore&#44; SLNB was not included when calculating the cost of treating such tumors&#46; Similarly&#44; given that lymph node dissection for tumors with a Breslow thickness of more than 4mm is not performed routinely unless there are no palpable nodes confirmed by ultrasound for fine needle aspiration&#44; the cost of dissection was not included&#46; CM refers to cutaneous melanoma&#59; Dx&#44; diagnosis&#59; INF&#44; interferon&#59; SLN&#44; sentinel lymph node&#59; SLNB&#44; SLN biopsy&#59; RT&#44; radiotherapy&#46;</p>"
        ]
      ]
      1 => array:8 [
        "identificador" => "tbl0005"
        "etiqueta" => "Table 1"
        "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIATABLA"
        "mostrarFloat" => true
        "mostrarDisplay" => false
        "detalles" => array:1 [
          0 => array:3 [
            "identificador" => "at1"
            "detalle" => "Table "
            "rol" => "short"
          ]
        ]
        "tabla" => array:3 [
          "leyenda" => "<p id="spar0065" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Abbreviations&#58; LDH&#44; lactate dehydrogenase&#59; MRI&#44; magnetic resonance imaging&#59; US&#44; ultrasound&#46;</p>"
          "tablatextoimagen" => array:1 [
            0 => array:2 [
              "tabla" => array:1 [
                0 => """
                  <table border="0" frame="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\tvoid\n
                  \t\t\t\t" class=""><thead title="thead"><tr title="table-row"><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Stage and tests<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tblfn0005"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">a</span></a>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">1st&#8211;3rd y&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">4th&#8211;5th y&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">6th&#8211;10th y&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th></tr></thead><tbody title="tbody"><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry  " colspan="4" align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Stage IA</span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Medical history<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#43;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>physical examination&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">6 mo&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">6 mo&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Yearly&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>LDH<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#43;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>US<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tblfn0010"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">b</span></a><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#43;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>x-ray&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Yearly&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Yearly&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">No&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry  " colspan="4" align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Stage IB-IIA</span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Medical history<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#43;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>physical examination&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">3-6 mo&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">6-12 mo&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Yearly&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>LDH<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#43;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>x-ray&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">6 mo&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Yearly&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Yearly&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>US&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">6 mo&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Yearly&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">No&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry  " colspan="4" align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Stage IIB-IV</span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Medical history<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#43;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>physical examination<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tblfn0015"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">c</span></a>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">3-6 mo&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">6 mo&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">6 mo&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>LDH<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#43;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>US<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#43;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>x-ray&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">3-6 mo&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Yearly&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Yearly&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>CT<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tblfn0020"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">d</span></a>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">6 mo&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Yearly&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Yearly&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>MRI<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tblfn0020"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">d</span></a>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Yearly&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Yearly&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Yearly&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr></tbody></table>
                  """
              ]
              "imagenFichero" => array:1 [
                0 => "xTab1378590.png"
              ]
            ]
          ]
          "notaPie" => array:4 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "tblfn0005"
              "etiqueta" => "a"
              "nota" => "<p class="elsevierStyleNotepara" id="npar0005">Recommended in the clinical practice guidelines for Murcia&#44; 2012&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0150"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">11</span></a></p>"
            ]
            1 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "tblfn0010"
              "etiqueta" => "b"
              "nota" => "<p class="elsevierStyleNotepara" id="npar0010">US of the draining lymph node basin and the abdominal-pelvic region&#46;</p>"
            ]
            2 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "tblfn0015"
              "etiqueta" => "c"
              "nota" => "<p class="elsevierStyleNotepara" id="npar0015">Follow-up by both the oncologist and the dermatologist&#46; &#40;Other tests&#44; only the dermatologist&#46;&#41;</p>"
            ]
            3 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "tblfn0020"
              "etiqueta" => "d"
              "nota" => "<p class="elsevierStyleNotepara" id="npar0020">CT and MRI according to recommendation 2A of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network&#44; version 2&#46;2015&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0155"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">12</span></a> Computed tomography or positron emission tomography&#8211;computed tomography&#46; From 4 mo to 1 y&#44; depending on patient risk factors&#46;</p>"
            ]
          ]
        ]
        "descripcion" => array:1 [
          "en" => "<p id="spar0060" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Follow-up in Cutaneous Melanoma According to Stage&#46;</p>"
        ]
      ]
      2 => array:8 [
        "identificador" => "tbl0010"
        "etiqueta" => "Table 2"
        "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIATABLA"
        "mostrarFloat" => true
        "mostrarDisplay" => false
        "detalles" => array:1 [
          0 => array:3 [
            "identificador" => "at2"
            "detalle" => "Table "
            "rol" => "short"
          ]
        ]
        "tabla" => array:1 [
          "tablatextoimagen" => array:1 [
            0 => array:2 [
              "tabla" => array:1 [
                0 => """
                  <table border="0" frame="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\tvoid\n
                  \t\t\t\t" class=""><thead title="thead"><tr title="table-row"><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Costs&#44; &#8364;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">IEC-9 Code&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th></tr></thead><tbody title="tbody"><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>1st visit&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">255&#46;04&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">1&#46;4&#46;4&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Test complement &#40;blood work-up&#44; biochemistry&#44; coagulation factors&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">226&#46;93&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">7&#46;1&#46;13&#44; 7&#46;1&#46;15&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Excisional biopsy &#40;major outpatient surgery&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">1773&#46;52&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">86&#46;11&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Histology&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">179&#46;12&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">3&#46;2&#46;3&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>2nd and subsequent visits&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">156&#46;50&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">1&#46;4&#46;2&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Total</span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">2591&#46;11</span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>1st visit&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">255&#46;04&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">1&#46;4&#46;4&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Minor surgery&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">423&#46;14&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">1&#46;4&#46;1&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Local anesthesia&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">162&#46;75&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">3&#46;3&#46;6&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Histology&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">179&#46;12&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">3&#46;2&#46;3&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>2nd and subsequent visits&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">156&#46;50&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">1&#46;4&#46;2&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Total</span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">1176&#46;55</span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr></tbody></table>
                  """
              ]
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                0 => "xTab1378591.png"
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        "descripcion" => array:1 [
          "en" => "<p id="spar0070" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Costs of Diagnostic and Therapeutic Processes in Melanoma&#58; 1st Phase&#8212;Excision of the Primary Lesion&#46;</p>"
        ]
      ]
      3 => array:8 [
        "identificador" => "tbl0015"
        "etiqueta" => "Table 3"
        "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIATABLA"
        "mostrarFloat" => true
        "mostrarDisplay" => false
        "detalles" => array:1 [
          0 => array:3 [
            "identificador" => "at3"
            "detalle" => "Table "
            "rol" => "short"
          ]
        ]
        "tabla" => array:3 [
          "leyenda" => "<p id="spar0080" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Abbreviations&#58; ECG&#44; electrocardiogram&#59; SLNB&#44; sentinel lymph node biopsy&#46;</p>"
          "tablatextoimagen" => array:1 [
            0 => array:2 [
              "tabla" => array:1 [
                0 => """
                  <table border="0" frame="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\tvoid\n
                  \t\t\t\t" class=""><thead title="thead"><tr title="table-row"><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Costs&#44; &#8364;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">IEC-9 Code&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th></tr></thead><tbody title="tbody"><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Anesthesia consultation&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">188&#46;70&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">1&#46;4&#46;7&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Preanesthetic assessment &#40;x-ray&#44; ECG&#44; blood work-up&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">326&#46;66&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">7&#46;1&#46;13&#44; 7&#46;1&#46;15&#44; 3&#46;28&#46;1&#44; 3&#46;22&#46;15&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Nuclear medicine scan&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">293&#46;92&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">3&#46;14&#46;8&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Wide-margin excision<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#43;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>SLNB<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tblfn0025"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">a</span></a>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">5712&#46;76&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">40&#46;11&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Histology&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">298&#46;54&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">3&#46;2&#46;5&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>2nd visit &#40;and subsequent&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">156&#46;50&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">1&#46;4&#46;2&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Total</span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">6977&#46;08</span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr></tbody></table>
                  """
              ]
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                0 => "xTab1378593.png"
              ]
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          "notaPie" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "tblfn0025"
              "etiqueta" => "a"
              "nota" => "<p class="elsevierStyleNotepara" id="npar0025">Weighted cost of surgery with and without complications&#44; considering a 10&#46;1&#37; complication rate&#58; complication rate<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#215;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>cost of surgery with complications<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#43;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#40;1<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#8211;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>complication rate&#41;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#215;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>cost of uncomplicated surgery&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0170"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">15</span></a> Additional 30&#37; when 2 surgical procedures were performed in a single operation&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0135"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">8</span></a> Seventeen percent of cases were assumed to involve multiple drainage pathways&#44;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0165"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">14</span></a> incurring another 30&#37; of added cost&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0135"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">8</span></a></p>"
            ]
          ]
        ]
        "descripcion" => array:1 [
          "en" => "<p id="spar0075" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Costs of Diagnostic and Therapeutic Processes in Melanoma&#58; 2nd Phase&#8212;SLNB With Negative Findings&#46;</p>"
        ]
      ]
      4 => array:8 [
        "identificador" => "tbl0020"
        "etiqueta" => "Table 4"
        "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIATABLA"
        "mostrarFloat" => true
        "mostrarDisplay" => false
        "detalles" => array:1 [
          0 => array:3 [
            "identificador" => "at4"
            "detalle" => "Table "
            "rol" => "short"
          ]
        ]
        "tabla" => array:3 [
          "leyenda" => "<p id="spar0090" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Abbreviations&#58; ATC&#44; Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical classification system&#59; CT&#44; computed tomography&#59; DRG&#44; diagnostic related group&#59; ECG&#44; electrocardiogram&#59; INF&#44; interferon&#59; MRI&#44; magnetic resonance imaging&#59; RT&#44; radiotherapy&#59; SLNB&#44; sentinel lymph node biopsy&#59; US-FNA&#44; ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration&#46;</p>"
          "tablatextoimagen" => array:1 [
            0 => array:2 [
              "tabla" => array:1 [
                0 => """
                  <table border="0" frame="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\tvoid\n
                  \t\t\t\t" class=""><thead title="thead"><tr title="table-row"><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Costs&#44; &#8364;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">IEC-9&#47;DRG&#47;ATC Code&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Phase 3&#58; Nodal Recurrence&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Costs&#44; &#8364;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">IEC-9&#47;DRG&#47;ATC Code&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th></tr></thead><tbody title="tbody"><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Anesthesia consultation&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">188&#46;70&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">1&#46;4&#46;7&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>US-FNA&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">495&#46;47&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">3&#46;22&#46;13&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Preanesthetic assessment &#40;x-ray&#44; ECG&#44; blood tests&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">326&#46;66&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">7&#46;1&#46;13&#44; 7&#46;1&#46;15&#44; 3&#46;28&#46;1&#44; 3&#46;22&#46;15&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Histology&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">179&#46;12&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">3&#46;2&#46;3&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Nuclear medicine scan&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">293&#46;92&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">3&#46;14&#46;8&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Anesthesia consultation&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">188&#46;70&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">1&#46;4&#46;7&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Wide-margin excision<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#43;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>SLNB<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#43;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>lymph node dissection<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tblfn0030"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">a</span></a>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">8244&#46;17&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">40&#46;54&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Preanesthetic assessment &#40;x-ray&#44; ECG&#44; blood tests&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">326&#46;66&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">7&#46;1&#46;13&#44; 7&#46;1&#46;15&#44; 3&#46;28&#46;1<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tblfn0040"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">c</span></a>&#44; 3&#46;22&#46;15&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Histology&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">298&#46;54&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">3&#46;2&#46;5&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Intervention &#40;lymph node dissection&#41;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tblfn0040"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">c</span></a>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">4902&#46;57&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">40&#46;54&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Assessment of tumor extension<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tblfn0035"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">b</span></a> &#40;blood workup&#44; biochemistry&#44; CT&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">661&#46;11&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">3&#46;26&#46;1&#44;3&#46;26&#46;2&#44; 7&#46;1&#46;15&#44; 7&#46;1&#46;13&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Histology&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">298&#46;54&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">3&#46;2&#46;5&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>2nd visit &#40;and subsequent&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">156&#46;50&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">1&#46;4&#46;2&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Assessment of tumor extension&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">661&#46;11&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">3&#46;26&#46;1&#44;3&#46;26&#46;2&#44; 7&#46;1&#46;15&#44; 7&#46;1&#46;13&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Oncology consultation&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">255&#46;04&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">1&#46;4&#46;4&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>2nd visit &#40;and subsequent&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">156&#46;50&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">1&#46;4&#46;2&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Follow-up oncology consultation&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">156&#46;50&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">1&#46;4&#46;2&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Oncology consultation&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">255&#46;04&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">1&#46;4&#46;4&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Follow-up oncology consultation&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">156&#46;50&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">1&#46;4&#46;2&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Total cost&#44; without adjuvant treatment</span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">10</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">581&#46;14</span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">7620&#46;21</span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>INF treatment<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0115"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">4</span></a> &#40;5 d<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#215;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>4 wk&#41;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tblfn0045"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">d</span></a>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">4809&#46;67&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">ATC L03AB05&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>INF treatment<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0115"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">4</span></a> &#40;5 d<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#215;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>4 wk&#41;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tblfn0045"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">d</span></a>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">4809&#46;67&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">ATC L03AB05&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Oncology day hospital &#40;5 d<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#215;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>4 wk&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">8432&#46;33&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">1&#46;3&#46;5&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Oncology day hospital &#40;5 d<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#215;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>4 wk&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">8432&#46;33&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">1&#46;3&#46;5&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Total cost&#44; with INF adjuvant treatment</span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">23</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">823&#46;14</span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">20</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">862&#46;21</span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Radiotherapy<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tblfn0045"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">d</span></a>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">3872&#46;52&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">DRG 409<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>M&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Radiotherapy<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tblfn0045"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">d</span></a>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">3872&#46;52&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">DRG 409<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>M&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Total cost with radiotherapy</span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">14</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">453&#46;66</span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">11</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">492&#46;73</span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr></tbody></table>
                  """
              ]
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                0 => "xTab1378592.png"
              ]
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          ]
          "notaPie" => array:4 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "tblfn0030"
              "etiqueta" => "a"
              "nota" => "<p class="elsevierStyleNotepara" id="npar0030">Weighted cost of surgery with and without complications&#44; considering a 10&#46;1&#37; complication rate&#58; complication rate<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#215;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>cost of surgery with complications<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#43;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#40;1<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#8211;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>complication rate&#41;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#215;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>cost of uncomplicated surgery&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0170"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">15</span></a> Additional 30&#37; when 3 surgical procedures were performed in a single operation&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0135"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">8</span></a> Seventeen percent of cases were assumed to involve multiple drainage pathways&#44;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0165"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">14</span></a> incurring another 30&#37; of added cost&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0135"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">8</span></a></p>"
            ]
            1 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "tblfn0035"
              "etiqueta" => "b"
              "nota" => "<p class="elsevierStyleNotepara" id="npar0035">The assessment of tumor extension includes CT&#44; PET&#44; or MRI&#44; depending on whether or not the patient is symptomatic&#46; CT is not standardized&#46; If SLNB findings are negative&#44; assessment of extension is not recommended&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0155"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">12</span></a></p>"
            ]
            2 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "tblfn0040"
              "etiqueta" => "c"
              "nota" => "<p class="elsevierStyleNotepara" id="npar0040">Weighted cost of surgery with and without complications&#44; considering a 10&#46;1&#37; complication rate&#58; complication rate<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#215;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>cost of surgery with complications<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#43;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#40;1<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#8211;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>complication rate&#41;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#215;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>cost of uncomplicated surgery&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0170"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">15</span></a></p>"
            ]
            3 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "tblfn0045"
              "etiqueta" => "d"
              "nota" => "<p class="elsevierStyleNotepara" id="npar0045">Adjuvant treatment with INF or radiotherapy&#46;</p>"
            ]
          ]
        ]
        "descripcion" => array:1 [
          "en" => "<p id="spar0085" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Costs of Diagnostic and Therapeutic Processes in Melanoma&#58; 3rd Phase&#8212;Spread to Lymph Nodes &#40;Positive SLNB Findings&#41;&#46;</p>"
        ]
      ]
      5 => array:8 [
        "identificador" => "tbl0025"
        "etiqueta" => "Table 5"
        "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIATABLA"
        "mostrarFloat" => true
        "mostrarDisplay" => false
        "detalles" => array:1 [
          0 => array:3 [
            "identificador" => "at5"
            "detalle" => "Table "
            "rol" => "short"
          ]
        ]
        "tabla" => array:3 [
          "leyenda" => "<p id="spar0100" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Abbreviations&#58; BRAF&#44; B-Raf proto-oncogene&#59; CRP&#44; C-reactive protein&#59; CT&#44; computed tomography&#59; LDH&#44; lactate dehydrogenase&#59; MRI&#44; magnetic resonance imaging&#59; PET&#44; positron emission tomography&#59; RT&#44; radiotherapy&#46;</p>"
          "tablatextoimagen" => array:1 [
            0 => array:2 [
              "tabla" => array:1 [
                0 => """
                  <table border="0" frame="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\tvoid\n
                  \t\t\t\t" class=""><thead title="thead"><tr title="table-row"><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Costs&#44; &#8364;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">IEC-9&#47;DRG&#47;ATC Code&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th></tr></thead><tbody title="tbody"><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Oncology consultation&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">255&#46;04&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">1&#46;4&#46;4&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>LDH analysis&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">23&#46;88&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">7&#46;1&#46;15&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Contrast CT scan<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tblfn0050"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">a</span></a>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">458&#46;09&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">3&#46;26&#46;1 y 3&#46;26&#46;2&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Contrast MRI&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">537&#46;38&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">3&#46;24&#46;2&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>CT-guided biopsy&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">698&#46;69&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">3&#46;22&#46;4&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Histology&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">179&#46;12&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">3&#46;2&#46;3&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Radiotherapy or surgery<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tblfn0055"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">b</span></a>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">3872&#46;52&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">DRG 409<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>M&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Follow-up oncology consultation&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">156&#46;50&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">1&#46;4&#46;2&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Total costs without chemotherapy</span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">6181&#46;22</span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Treatment with ipilimumab &#40;4 cycles&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">74<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>305&#46;44<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0140"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">9</span></a>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">ATC L01XC11&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Oncology day hospital &#40;4 d<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>4 cycles&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">1686&#46;47&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">1&#46;3&#46;5&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Total cost&#44; with ipilimumab</span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">82</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">173&#46;13</span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>CRP&#44; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">BRAF</span> &#40;V600E mutation&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">119&#46;43&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">3&#46;2&#46;7&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Treatment with vemurafenib&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">27<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>465&#46;64<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0145"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">10</span></a>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">ATC L01XE15&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Total cost with vemurafenib treatment</span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">33&#46;766&#46;29</span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Treatment with dacarbazine&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">63&#46;7<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0145"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">10</span></a>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">ATC L01AX04&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Oncology day hospital &#40;5 d&#44; 2 cycles&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">1680&#46;9&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">1&#46;3&#46;5&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Total cost with dacarbazine treatment</span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">7925&#46;82</span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="" valign="top">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr></tbody></table>
                  """
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            0 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "tblfn0050"
              "etiqueta" => "a"
              "nota" => "<p class="elsevierStyleNotepara" id="npar0050">CT or PET-CT<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0155"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">12</span></a></p>"
            ]
            1 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "tblfn0055"
              "etiqueta" => "b"
              "nota" => "<p class="elsevierStyleNotepara" id="npar0055">Radiotherapy or surgery&#44; depending on the location of metastasis&#46; Costs vary&#46; The cost of radiotherapy is added in for all patients&#46;</p>"
            ]
          ]
        ]
        "descripcion" => array:1 [
          "en" => "<p id="spar0095" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Costs of Diagnostic and Therapeutic Processes in Melanoma&#58; 4th Phase&#8212;Distant Metastasis&#46;</p>"
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        "identificador" => "tbl0030"
        "etiqueta" => "Table 6"
        "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIATABLA"
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          "leyenda" => "<p id="spar0110" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Abbreviations&#58; SLNB&#44; sentinel lymph node biopsy&#46;</p><p id="spar0115" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">The total costs for each stage within each time horizon &#40;time frame&#41; are shown in bold face&#46;</p>"
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                  <table border="0" frame="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\tvoid\n
                  \t\t\t\t" class=""><thead title="thead"><tr title="table-row"><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Procedures on diagnosis&#47;staging&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">IA&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">IB-IIA&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">IIB-IIC&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">III&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">IV&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th></tr></thead><tbody title="tbody"><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Excision of the primary lesion&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">2591&#46;11&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">2591&#46;11&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">2591&#46;11&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">2591&#46;11&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">2591&#46;11&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Wide-margin excision and SLNB &#40;N0&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">&#8722;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">6977&#46;08&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">6977&#46;08&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">&#8722;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">&#8722;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>SLNB&#44; lymph node dissection&#44; and adjuvant therapy &#40;N1&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">&#8722;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">&#8722;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">&#8722;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">23&#46;823&#46;14&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">&#8722;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Systemic treatment &#40;M1&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">&#8722;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">&#8722;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">&#8722;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">&#8722;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">82&#46;173&#46;13&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>1-y follow-up&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">512&#46;48&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">1024&#46;96&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">3503&#46;48&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">3503&#46;48&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">3503&#46;48&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Total costs&#44; 1st y</span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleBold">3103&#46;59</span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleBold">10</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><span class="elsevierStyleBold">593&#46;15</span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleBold">13</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><span class="elsevierStyleBold">071&#46;67</span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleBold">29</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><span class="elsevierStyleBold">917&#46;73</span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleBold">88</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><span class="elsevierStyleBold">267&#46;72</span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>3-y follow-up&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">1537&#46;44&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">3074&#46;88&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">10<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>510&#46;44&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">10<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>510&#46;44&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">10<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>510&#46;44&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Total costs&#44; through the 3rd y</span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleBold">4&#46;128&#46;55</span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleBold">12</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><span class="elsevierStyleBold">643&#46;07</span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleBold">20</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><span class="elsevierStyleBold">078&#46;63</span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleBold">36</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><span class="elsevierStyleBold">924&#46;69</span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleBold">95</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><span class="elsevierStyleBold">274&#46;68</span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>5-y follow-up&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">2562&#46;40&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">4099&#46;84&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">14<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>152&#46;34&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">14<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>152&#46;34&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">14<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>152&#46;34&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Total costs through the 5th y</span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">5153&#46;51</span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">13</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">668&#46;03</span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">23</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">720&#46;53</span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">40</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">566&#46;59</span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">98</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">916&#46;58</span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>10-y follow-up&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">3344&#46;90&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">5121&#46;04&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">23<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>257&#46;09&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">23<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>257&#46;09&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">23<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>257&#46;09&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Total costs&#44; through the 10th y</span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">5936&#46;01</span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">14</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">689&#46;23</span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">32</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">825&#46;28</span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">49</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">671&#46;34</span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">108</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">021&#46;33</span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr></tbody></table>
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      "titulo" => "References"
      "seccion" => array:1 [
        0 => array:2 [
          "identificador" => "bibs0005"
          "bibliografiaReferencia" => array:19 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0100"
              "etiqueta" => "1"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:1 [
                  "referenciaCompleta" => "Surveillance Epidemiology and End Results &#40;SEER&#41;&#46; SEER stat fact sheets&#58; Melanoma of the skin &#91;cited 2015 Jun 13&#93;&#46; Available from&#58; <a href="http://www.seer.cancer.gov/">www&#46;seer&#46;cancer&#46;gov</a>"
                ]
              ]
            ]
            1 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0105"
              "etiqueta" => "2"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Epidemiolog&#237;a del melanoma en Espa&#241;a"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:3 [
                            0 => "S&#46; S&#225;enz"
                            1 => "J&#46; Conejo-Mir"
                            2 => "A&#46; Cayuela"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:6 [
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                        "fecha" => "2005"
                        "volumen" => "96"
                        "paginaInicial" => "411"
                        "paginaFinal" => "418"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16476268"
                            "web" => "Medline"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            2 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0110"
              "etiqueta" => "3"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Estudio de descripci&#243;n de costes sobre el diagn&#243;stico y tratamiento del melanoma cut&#225;neo"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:3 [
                            0 => "F&#46;M&#46; Almaz&#225;n-Fern&#225;ndez"
                            1 => "S&#46; Serrano-Ortega"
                            2 => "J&#46;J&#46; Moreno-Villalonga"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:6 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Actas Dermosifiliogr"
                        "fecha" => "2009"
                        "volumen" => "100"
                        "paginaInicial" => "785"
                        "paginaFinal" => "791"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19889300"
                            "web" => "Medline"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
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