Distant Cutaneous Metastases of Prostate Cancer: A Report of 2 Cases

array:24 ["pii" => "S1578219016301378" "issn" => "15782190" "doi" => "10.1016/j.adengl.2016.06.006" "estado" => "S300" "fechaPublicacion" => "2016-09-01" "aid" => "1356" "copyright" => "Elsevier España, S.L.U. and AEDV" "copyrightAnyo" => "2016" "documento" => "simple-article" "crossmark" => 1 "subdocumento" => "crp" "cita" => "Actas Dermosifiliogr. 2016;107:e52-6" "abierto" => array:3 [ "ES" => true "ES2" => true "LATM" => true ] "gratuito" => true "lecturas" => array:2 [ "total" => 830 "formatos" => array:3 [ "EPUB" => 62 "HTML" => 594 "PDF" => 174 ] ] "Traduccion" => array:1 [ "es" => array:19 [ "pii" => "S0001731016000697" "issn" => "00017310" "doi" => "10.1016/j.ad.2015.09.021" "estado" => "S300" "fechaPublicacion" => "2016-09-01" "aid" => "1356" "copyright" => "AEDV" "documento" => "simple-article" "crossmark" => 1 "subdocumento" => "crp" "cita" => "Actas Dermosifiliogr. 2016;107:e52-6" "abierto" => array:3 [ "ES" => true "ES2" => true "LATM" => true ] "gratuito" => true "lecturas" => array:2 [ "total" => 425 "formatos" => array:3 [ "EPUB" => 3 "HTML" => 369 "PDF" => 53 ] ] "es" => array:13 [ "idiomaDefecto" => true "cabecera" => "e-Casos clínicos" "titulo" => "Metástasis cutáneas a distancia de cáncer de próstata: 2 casos" "tienePdf" => "es" "tieneTextoCompleto" => "es" "tieneResumen" => array:2 [ 0 => "es" 1 => "en" ] "paginas" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "paginaInicial" => "e52" "paginaFinal" => "e56" ] ] "titulosAlternativos" => array:1 [ "en" => array:1 [ "titulo" => "Distant Cutaneous Metastases of Prostate Cancer: A Report of 2 Cases" ] ] "contieneResumen" => array:2 [ "es" => true "en" => true ] "contieneTextoCompleto" => array:1 [ "es" => true ] "contienePdf" => array:1 [ "es" => true ] "resumenGrafico" => array:2 [ "original" => 0 "multimedia" => array:7 [ "identificador" => "fig0010" "etiqueta" => "Figura 2" "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIAFIGURA" "mostrarFloat" => true "mostrarDisplay" => false "figura" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "imagen" => "gr2.jpeg" "Alto" => 1211 "Ancho" => 1500 "Tamanyo" => 437505 ] ] "descripcion" => array:1 [ "es" => "Caso 1. A. Hematoxilina-eosina (HE). B. Fosfata ácida prostática (FAP) (X100). C. Antígeno específico de membrana prostática (PSMA) (x100)." ] ] ] "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "autoresLista" => "R. Rodríguez-Lojo, I. Castiñeiras, J.L. Rey-Sanjurjo, M.L. Fernández-Díaz" "autores" => array:4 [ 0 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "R." "apellidos" => "Rodríguez-Lojo" ] 1 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "I." "apellidos" => "Castiñeiras" ] 2 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "J.L." "apellidos" => "Rey-Sanjurjo" ] 3 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "M.L." "apellidos" => "Fernández-Díaz" ] ] ] ] ] "idiomaDefecto" => "es" "Traduccion" => array:1 [ "en" => array:9 [ "pii" => "S1578219016301378" "doi" => "10.1016/j.adengl.2016.06.006" "estado" => "S300" "subdocumento" => "" "abierto" => array:3 [ "ES" => true "ES2" => true "LATM" => true ] "gratuito" => true "lecturas" => array:1 [ "total" => 0 ] "idiomaDefecto" => "en" "EPUB" => "https://multimedia.elsevier.es/PublicationsMultimediaV1/item/epub/S1578219016301378?idApp=UINPBA000044" ] ] "EPUB" => "https://multimedia.elsevier.es/PublicationsMultimediaV1/item/epub/S0001731016000697?idApp=UINPBA000044" "url" => "/00017310/0000010700000007/v2_201609150132/S0001731016000697/v2_201609150132/es/main.assets" ] ] "itemSiguiente" => array:19 [ "pii" => "S157821901630138X" "issn" => "15782190" "doi" => "10.1016/j.adengl.2016.06.007" "estado" => "S300" "fechaPublicacion" => "2016-09-01" "aid" => "1330" "copyright" => "Elsevier España, S.L.U. and AEDV" "documento" => "simple-article" "crossmark" => 1 "subdocumento" => "crp" "cita" => "Actas Dermosifiliogr. 2016;107:597-8" "abierto" => array:3 [ "ES" => true "ES2" => true "LATM" => true ] "gratuito" => true "lecturas" => array:2 [ "total" => 757 "formatos" => array:3 [ "EPUB" => 54 "HTML" => 552 "PDF" => 151 ] ] "en" => array:11 [ "idiomaDefecto" => true "cabecera" => "Case for Diagnosis" "titulo" => "Acquired Linear Lesion in the Presternal Region" "tienePdf" => "en" "tieneTextoCompleto" => "en" "paginas" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "paginaInicial" => "597" "paginaFinal" => "598" ] ] "titulosAlternativos" => array:1 [ "es" => array:1 [ "titulo" => "Lesión adquirida de distribución lineal en región preesternal" ] ] "contieneTextoCompleto" => array:1 [ "en" => true ] "contienePdf" => array:1 [ "en" => true ] "resumenGrafico" => array:2 [ "original" => 0 "multimedia" => array:6 [ "identificador" => "fig0010" "etiqueta" => "Figure 2" "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIAFIGURA" "mostrarFloat" => true "mostrarDisplay" => false "figura" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "imagen" => "gr2.jpeg" "Alto" => 650 "Ancho" => 445 "Tamanyo" => 56005 ] ] ] ] "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "autoresLista" => "A. Sánchez-Orta, F. Albízuri-Prado, E. Sendagorta Cudós" "autores" => array:3 [ 0 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "A." "apellidos" => "Sánchez-Orta" ] 1 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "F." "apellidos" => "Albízuri-Prado" ] 2 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "E." "apellidos" => "Sendagorta Cudós" ] ] ] ] ] "idiomaDefecto" => "en" "Traduccion" => array:1 [ "es" => array:9 [ "pii" => "S0001731015005694" "doi" => "10.1016/j.ad.2015.04.028" "estado" => "S300" "subdocumento" => "" "abierto" => array:3 [ "ES" => true "ES2" => true "LATM" => true ] "gratuito" => true "lecturas" => array:1 [ "total" => 0 ] "idiomaDefecto" => "es" "EPUB" => "https://multimedia.elsevier.es/PublicationsMultimediaV1/item/epub/S0001731015005694?idApp=UINPBA000044" ] ] "EPUB" => "https://multimedia.elsevier.es/PublicationsMultimediaV1/item/epub/S157821901630138X?idApp=UINPBA000044" "url" => "/15782190/0000010700000007/v2_201704140340/S157821901630138X/v2_201704140340/en/main.assets" ] "itemAnterior" => array:19 [ "pii" => "S1578219016301366" "issn" => "15782190" "doi" => "10.1016/j.adengl.2016.06.005" "estado" => "S300" "fechaPublicacion" => "2016-09-01" "aid" => "1372" "copyright" => "Elsevier España, S.L.U. and AEDV" "documento" => "simple-article" "crossmark" => 1 "subdocumento" => "crp" "cita" => "Actas Dermosifiliogr. 2016;107:e47-51" "abierto" => array:3 [ "ES" => true "ES2" => true "LATM" => true ] "gratuito" => true "lecturas" => array:2 [ "total" => 3827 "formatos" => array:3 [ "EPUB" => 46 "HTML" => 3311 "PDF" => 470 ] ] "en" => array:13 [ "idiomaDefecto" => true "cabecera" => "e-Casos clínicos" "titulo" => "Mycoplasma pneumoniae-Induced Mucocutaneous Rash: A New Syndrome Distinct from Erythema Multiforme? Report of a New Case and Review of the Literature" "tienePdf" => "en" "tieneTextoCompleto" => "en" "tieneResumen" => array:2 [ 0 => "en" 1 => "es" ] "paginas" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "paginaInicial" => "e47" "paginaFinal" => "e51" ] ] "titulosAlternativos" => array:1 [ "es" => array:1 [ "titulo" => "Exantema mucocutáneo inducido por Mycoplasma pneumoniae: ¿un nuevo síndrome separado del eritema multiforme? Un nuevo caso y revisión de la literatura" ] ] "contieneResumen" => array:2 [ "en" => true "es" => true ] "contieneTextoCompleto" => array:1 [ "en" => true ] "contienePdf" => array:1 [ "en" => true ] "resumenGrafico" => array:2 [ "original" => 0 "multimedia" => array:7 [ "identificador" => "fig0010" "etiqueta" => "Figure 2" "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIAFIGURA" "mostrarFloat" => true "mostrarDisplay" => false "figura" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "imagen" => "gr2.jpeg" "Alto" => 736 "Ancho" => 925 "Tamanyo" => 94091 ] ] "descripcion" => array:1 [ "en" => "Pneumonia infiltrate in the right upper lobe (arrow)." ] ] ] "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "autoresLista" => "M. Martínez-Pérez, A. Imbernón-Moya, A. Lobato-Berezo, M. Churruca-Grijelmo" "autores" => array:4 [ 0 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "M." "apellidos" => "Martínez-Pérez" ] 1 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "A." "apellidos" => "Imbernón-Moya" ] 2 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "A." "apellidos" => "Lobato-Berezo" ] 3 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "M." "apellidos" => "Churruca-Grijelmo" ] ] ] ] ] "idiomaDefecto" => "en" "Traduccion" => array:1 [ "es" => array:9 [ "pii" => "S0001731016000922" "doi" => "10.1016/j.ad.2015.09.023" "estado" => "S300" "subdocumento" => "" "abierto" => array:3 [ "ES" => true "ES2" => true "LATM" => true ] "gratuito" => true "lecturas" => array:1 [ "total" => 0 ] "idiomaDefecto" => "es" "EPUB" => "https://multimedia.elsevier.es/PublicationsMultimediaV1/item/epub/S0001731016000922?idApp=UINPBA000044" ] ] "EPUB" => "https://multimedia.elsevier.es/PublicationsMultimediaV1/item/epub/S1578219016301366?idApp=UINPBA000044" "url" => "/15782190/0000010700000007/v2_201704140340/S1578219016301366/v2_201704140340/en/main.assets" ] "en" => array:18 [ "idiomaDefecto" => true "cabecera" => "e- Case Report" "titulo" => "Distant Cutaneous Metastases of Prostate Cancer: A Report of 2 Cases" "tieneTextoCompleto" => true "paginas" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "paginaInicial" => "e52" "paginaFinal" => "e56" ] ] "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "autoresLista" => "R. Rodríguez-Lojo, I. Castiñeiras, J.L. Rey-Sanjurjo, M.L. Fernández-Díaz" "autores" => array:4 [ 0 => array:4 [ "nombre" => "R." "apellidos" => "Rodríguez-Lojo" "email" => array:1 [ 0 => "rodriguezlojo@hotmail.com" ] "referencia" => array:2 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "a" "identificador" => "aff0005" ] 1 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "*" "identificador" => "cor0005" ] ] ] 1 => array:3 [ "nombre" => "I." "apellidos" => "Castiñeiras" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "a" "identificador" => "aff0005" ] ] ] 2 => array:3 [ "nombre" => "J.L." "apellidos" => "Rey-Sanjurjo" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "b" "identificador" => "aff0010" ] ] ] 3 => array:3 [ "nombre" => "M.L." "apellidos" => "Fernández-Díaz" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "a" "identificador" => "aff0005" ] ] ] ] "afiliaciones" => array:2 [ 0 => array:3 [ "entidad" => "Servicio de Dermatología, Hospital Universitario Lucus Augusti, Lugo, Spain" "etiqueta" => "a" "identificador" => "aff0005" ] 1 => array:3 [ "entidad" => "Servicio de Anatomía Patológica, Hospital Universitario Lucus Augusti, Lugo, Spain" "etiqueta" => "b" "identificador" => "aff0010" ] ] "correspondencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "cor0005" "etiqueta" => "⁎" "correspondencia" => "Corresponding author." ] ] ] ] "titulosAlternativos" => array:1 [ "es" => array:1 [ "titulo" => "Metástasis cutáneas a distancia de cáncer de próstata: 2 casos" ] ] "resumenGrafico" => array:2 [ "original" => 0 "multimedia" => array:7 [ "identificador" => "fig0010" "etiqueta" => "Figure 2" "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIAFIGURA" "mostrarFloat" => true "mostrarDisplay" => false "figura" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "imagen" => "gr2.jpeg" "Alto" => 1211 "Ancho" => 1500 "Tamanyo" => 458418 ] ] "descripcion" => array:1 [ "en" => "Case 1. A, Hematoxylin-eosin. B, Prostatic acid phosphatase, original magnification x100. C, Prostate specific membrane antigen, original magnification x100." ] ] ] "textoCompleto" => "IntroductionProstate cancer is one of the most common noncutaneous malignant tumors in men and a frequent cause of cancer-related death. Despite its high prevalence and incidence, skin metastases are extremely rare. Few cases of skin metastases from prostate cancer have been reported in the literature. Most skin metastases have been on the penis and scrotum; distant skin metastases are much less common and have an atypical clinical presentation that can delay diagnosis.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0045">1</a>We present 2 cases of patients with distant skin metastases of prostate cancer, drawing attention to the unusual site and clinical presentation.Case 1The patient was a 66-year-old man with stage iv, Gleason 8 (5+3) adenocarcinoma of the prostate diagnosed 11 years earlier and treated by radical prostatectomy, pelvic radiotherapy, hormone therapy, and chemotherapy. He presented 2 infiltrated, stony-hard plaques in a linear distribution on both breasts, the larger one being on the left breast. The plaques were formed of yellowish papular lesions that had first appeared approximately a year earlier and had increased progressively in size (<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0005">Fig. 1</a>, A and B). The patient described induration of both breasts in recent years; this had been interpreted as gynecomastia related to his hormone treatment. During follow-up in oncology, the patient had presented a progressive elevation of prostate specific antigen (PSA) levels in blood over the previous months (PSA 7.45ng/ml in the latest blood tests before consultation; PSA, 3.38ng/ml 2 months earlier).<elsevierMultimedia ident="fig0005"></elsevierMultimedia>Skin biopsies were taken from both plaques. Routine techniques showed poorly differentiated tumor cells with an epithelioid appearance and a diffuse growth pattern. Immunohistochemistry (<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0005">Table 1</a>) was positive for cytokeratin AE1/AE3, prostate specific membrane antigen (PSMA) 3E6, E-cadherin, androgen receptors, and prostatic acid phosphatase (this last parameter was positive in a smaller number of tumor cells) (<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0010">Fig. 2</a>, A-C). These findings strongly supported the diagnosis of skin metastases from the patient's adenocarcinoma of the prostate and ruled out a primary breast tumor.<elsevierMultimedia ident="tbl0005"></elsevierMultimedia><elsevierMultimedia ident="fig0010"></elsevierMultimedia>After the diagnosis of skin metastases, and in view of the progression of the bone metastases, chemotherapy treatment was reinitiated. The clinical course was poor and the patient died a year later.Case 2This 86-year-old man was diagnosed with stage iv, Gleason 7 (3+4) adenocarcinoma of the prostate in 2010 and had been treated with total hormonal blockade and chemotherapy. Three years later the patient consulted for asymptomatic skin lesions that had arisen approximately a week earlier and had increased progressively in size and number. Physical examination revealed indurated, erythematous, papules grouped on the anteromedial surface of the right knee and isolated nonindurated lesions of similar appearance but smaller size that had arisen hours earlier on the anterior surface of the same leg (<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0015">Fig. 3</a>, A and B).<elsevierMultimedia ident="fig0015"></elsevierMultimedia>Biopsy of a lesion showed a poorly differentiated tumor of epithelial appearance, with a diffuse growth pattern. Immunohistochemistry was positive for cytokeratin AE1/AE3, PSA, androgen receptors, prostatic acid phosphatatase, prostein (<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0020">Fig. 4</a>, A-C), and PSMA (present in only a small number of tumor cells) (<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0005">Table 1</a>). Based on this immunohistochemistry profile, the tissue was reported as skin metastases from a poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma, compatible with a prostatic origin. The patient died a month later.<elsevierMultimedia ident="fig0020"></elsevierMultimedia>DiscussionProstate cancer is usually associated with bone, lung, liver, and lymph node metastases; skin involvement is very rare (less than 1%). When prostate cancer metastasizes to the skin, the metastases typically appear locally as asymptomatic papules or nodules, mainly on the genitalia, suprapubic region, or root of the thighs. Distant skin metastases are rarer and can affect the chest and head, without the typical nodular morphology, with a clinical presentation that can mimic other skin diseases (zosteriform distribution, lesions of sclerodermiform or inflammatory appearance, etc.).<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0050">2–5</a>The incidence of skin metastases from internal tumors appears to have increased in recent years—this may be due to better diagnosis rather than a true increase—but even so, these metastases continue to be rare in clinical practice, with an estimated incidence of 0.7% to 9% of patients with internal tumors, depending on the series. The prostatic origin of skin metastases is very rare.The tumors that most commonly give rise to skin metastases have been described according to the site of the metastases. Lung and breast cancers metastasize most frequently to the chest and, together with renal and digestive tract tumors, to the limbs.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0070">6</a>Hypotheses on the route of spread of prostate carcinoma to the skin include direct invasion and lymphatic or hematogenous spread, or a combination of these routes; the exact mechanism remains unclear. Few studies have investigated the mechanisms that favor the spread of some malignant internal tumors to the skin, although some cytokines that might favor metastatic tumor spread have recently been implicated.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0055">3,5,6</a>Immunohistochemistry can help to confirm the tumor of origin of skin metastases. Although PSA is relatively specific, it can also be expressed by breast carcinomas (infiltrating ductal and apocrine carcinomas), small cell lung cancer, and poorly differentiated neuroendocrine carcinomas. The absence of positivity for PSA does not exclude a prostatic origin of a tumor, as undifferentiated tumors can lose the ability to express PSA. In these cases, the measurement of prostatic acid phosphatase, PSMA, and prostein can be useful.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0060">4,7,8</a> In our first case, a negative PSA can be explained by the previous hormone therapy. The site on the breast, together with the negative PSA result, required us to exclude other possibilities, primarily breast carcinoma; cytokeratin7, epithelial membrane antigen, mammaglobin, GCDFP-15, estrogens, and progesterone were therefore measured. Androgen receptors may be positive in some breast carcinomas, mainly in grade iii tumors, and this parameter is therefore unhelpful in the differential diagnosis. The other diagnosis that histologically must always be taken into account is melanoma. For this we studied S100, Melan-A, and HMB 45. Cytokeratin20 was measured to exclude other possible metastatic cancers (such as colon).The skin lesions in prostate cancer typically appear late and are associated with a very poor prognosis, with a mean estimated survival of 7 months.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0055">3,4</a>Treatment options in skin metastases from prostate cancer are mostly palliative, and include surgery, radiotherapy, and intralesional chemotherapy.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0055">3,4</a>In conclusion, we have presented 2 cases of distant skin metastases from prostate cancer. Fewer than 30 cases have been reported in the literature (<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0010">Table 2</a>). We consider that this may be an underdiagnosed disease and note the atypical clinical presentation that can occur in some patients. We also draw attention to the poor prognosis associated with the appearance of skin metastases in prostate cancer, with a survival of only months.<elsevierMultimedia ident="tbl0010"></elsevierMultimedia>Ethical disclosuresProtection of human and animal subjects.The authors declare that no experiments were performed on humans or animals for this research.Confidentiality of dataThe authors declare that they followed their hospital's regulations regarding the publication of patient information.Right to privacy and informed consentThe authors declare that no private patient data are disclosed in this article.Conflicts of InterestThe authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest." "textoCompletoSecciones" => array:1 [ "secciones" => array:11 [ 0 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "xres828175" "titulo" => "Abstract" "secciones" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "identificador" => "abst0005" ] ] ] 1 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "xpalclavsec824414" "titulo" => "Keywords" ] 2 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "xres828176" "titulo" => "Resumen" "secciones" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "identificador" => "abst0010" ] ] ] 3 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "xpalclavsec824413" "titulo" => "Palabras clave" ] 4 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0005" "titulo" => "Introduction" ] 5 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0010" "titulo" => "Case 1" ] 6 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0015" "titulo" => "Case 2" ] 7 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0020" "titulo" => "Discussion" ] 8 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "sec0025" "titulo" => "Ethical disclosures" "secciones" => array:3 [ 0 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0030" "titulo" => "Protection of human and animal subjects." ] 1 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0035" "titulo" => "Confidentiality of data" ] 2 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0040" "titulo" => "Right to privacy and informed consent" ] ] ] 9 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0045" "titulo" => "Conflicts of Interest" ] 10 => array:1 [ "titulo" => "References" ] ] ] "pdfFichero" => "main.pdf" "tienePdf" => true "PalabrasClave" => array:2 [ "en" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "clase" => "keyword" "titulo" => "Keywords" "identificador" => "xpalclavsec824414" "palabras" => array:4 [ 0 => "Cutaneous metastasis" 1 => "Prostate cancer" 2 => "Prostein" 3 => "Prostate-specific membrane antigen" ] ] ] "es" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "clase" => "keyword" "titulo" => "Palabras clave" "identificador" => "xpalclavsec824413" "palabras" => array:4 [ 0 => "Metástasis cutáneas" 1 => "Cáncer próstata" 2 => "Prosteína" 3 => "Antígeno específico de membrana prostática" ] ] ] ] "tieneResumen" => true "resumen" => array:2 [ "en" => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Abstract" "resumen" => "Cutaneous metastases of prostate cancer are extremely rare. We present 2 cases of distant cutaneous metastases at atypical locations of prostate adenocarcinoma, and highlight the value of 2 immunohistochemical stains—prostatic acid phosphatase and prostate-specific membrane antigen—that can aid diagnosis, particularly in cases with negative staining for prostate-specific antigen." ] "es" => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Resumen" "resumen" => "Las metástasis cutáneas de cáncer de próstata son extremadamente infrecuentes. Presentamos 2 casos de metástasis cutáneas a distancia de adenocarcinoma de próstata, con localización atípica y destacando 2 tinciones inmunohistoquímicas que pueden ayudar al diagnóstico (fosfatasa ácida prostática y el antígeno prostático específico de membrana prostática), fundamentalmente en aquellos casos en los que el antígeno prostático específico es negativo." ] ] "NotaPie" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "☆" "nota" => "Please cite this article as: Rodríguez-Lojo R, Castiñeiras I, Rey-Sanjurjo JL, Fernández-Díaz ML. Metástasis cutáneas a distancia de cáncer de próstata: 2 casos. Actas Dermosifiliogr. 2016;107:e52–e56." ] ] "multimedia" => array:6 [ 0 => array:7 [ "identificador" => "fig0005" "etiqueta" => "Figure 1" "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIAFIGURA" "mostrarFloat" => true "mostrarDisplay" => false "figura" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "imagen" => "gr1.jpeg" "Alto" => 555 "Ancho" => 1512 "Tamanyo" => 77663 ] ] "descripcion" => array:1 [ "en" => "Case 1. A, Two indurated plaques on the breasts. B, A yellowish erythematous plaque on the left breast." ] ] 1 => array:7 [ "identificador" => "fig0010" "etiqueta" => "Figure 2" "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIAFIGURA" "mostrarFloat" => true "mostrarDisplay" => false "figura" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "imagen" => "gr2.jpeg" "Alto" => 1211 "Ancho" => 1500 "Tamanyo" => 458418 ] ] "descripcion" => array:1 [ "en" => "Case 1. A, Hematoxylin-eosin. B, Prostatic acid phosphatase, original magnification x100. C, Prostate specific membrane antigen, original magnification x100." ] ] 2 => array:7 [ "identificador" => "fig0015" "etiqueta" => "Figure 3" "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIAFIGURA" "mostrarFloat" => true "mostrarDisplay" => false "figura" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "imagen" => "gr3.jpeg" "Alto" => 726 "Ancho" => 1500 "Tamanyo" => 110552 ] ] "descripcion" => array:1 [ "en" => "Case 2. A, Detail of grouped erythematous papules. B, Erythematous papules on the lower limb." ] ] 3 => array:7 [ "identificador" => "fig0020" "etiqueta" => "Figure 4" "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIAFIGURA" "mostrarFloat" => true "mostrarDisplay" => false "figura" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "imagen" => "gr4.jpeg" "Alto" => 1693 "Ancho" => 1500 "Tamanyo" => 533927 ] ] "descripcion" => array:1 [ "en" => "Case 2. A, Hematoxylin-eosin, original magnification x200. B, Prostein, original magnification x40. C, Prostate specific antigen, original magnification x40." ] ] 4 => array:8 [ "identificador" => "tbl0005" "etiqueta" => "Table 1" "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIATABLA" "mostrarFloat" => true "mostrarDisplay" => false "detalles" => array:1 [ 0 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "at1" "detalle" => "Table " "rol" => "short" ] ] "tabla" => array:1 [ "tablatextoimagen" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "tabla" => array:1 [ 0 => """ <table border="0" frame="\n \t\t\t\t\tvoid\n \t\t\t\t" class=""><thead title="thead"><tr title="table-row"><th class="td" title="table-head " align="" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Case 1 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Case 2 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</th></tr></thead><tbody title="tbody"><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">Cytokeratin AE1/AE3 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">+ \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">+ \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">E-cadherin \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">+ \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">Not performed \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">Cytokeratin7 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">− \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">Not performed \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">Cytokeratin20 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">− \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">Not performed \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">Epithelial membrane antigen \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">− \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">Not performed \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">Mammaglobin \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">− \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">Not performed \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">GCDFP-15 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">− \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">Not performed \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">S-100 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">− \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">Not performed \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">Melan-A \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">− \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">Not performed \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">HMB-45 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">− \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">Not performed \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">Estrogen/progesterone receptors \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">− \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">Not performed \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">CDX2 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">− \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">Not performed \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">Thyroid transcription factor-1 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">− \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">Not performed \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">Prostate specific antigen \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">− \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">+ \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">Prostein 10E3 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">− \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">+ \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">Prostate specific membrane antigen \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">+ \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">+ \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">Androgen receptors \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">+ \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">+ \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">Prostatic acid phosphatase \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">+ \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">+ \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr></tbody></table> """ ] "imagenFichero" => array:1 [ 0 => "xTab1393484.png" ] ] ] ] "descripcion" => array:1 [ "en" => "Immunohistochemistry." ] ] 5 => array:8 [ "identificador" => "tbl0010" "etiqueta" => "Table 2" "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIATABLA" "mostrarFloat" => true "mostrarDisplay" => false "detalles" => array:1 [ 0 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "at2" "detalle" => "Table " "rol" => "short" ] ] "tabla" => array:1 [ "tablatextoimagen" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "tabla" => array:1 [ 0 => """ <table border="0" frame="\n \t\t\t\t\tvoid\n \t\t\t\t" class=""><tbody title="tbody"><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry " rowspan="2" align="left" valign="top">Site of the skin metastases</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">Local metastases: pubis, groin, perianal, root of the thighs, scrotum, penis \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">14 cases<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0045">1</a> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">Distant metastases: scalp, abdomen, chest, breast, umbilicus \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">10 cases<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0045">1–4</a> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry " rowspan="9" align="left" valign="top">Clinical presentation of the skin metastases</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">Papules/nodules \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">12 cases<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0045">1,2,4</a> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">Zosteriform pattern \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">4 cases<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0045">1</a> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">Polypoid lesions \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">2 cases<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0045">1</a> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">Multinodular mass \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">1 case<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0045">1</a> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">Hemorrhagic vesicles \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">1 case<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0045">1</a> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">Plaque with inflammatory appearance \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">1 case<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0045">1</a> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">Plaque with telangiectasias \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">1 case<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0045">1</a> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">Violaceous rash \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">1 case<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0045">1</a> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">Edema \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">1 case<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0045">1</a> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry " rowspan="3" align="left" valign="top">Metastases at other sites</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">Yes: bone, lung \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">9 cases<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0045">1,3,4</a> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">No \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">3 cases<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0045">1</a> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">Unknown/not stated \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">12 cases<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0045">1,2</a> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry " rowspan="3" align="left" valign="top">Time of appearance with respect to the diagnosis of prostate cancer</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">Prediagnosis \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">0 cases<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0045">1</a> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">Simultaneous \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">2 cases<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0045">1</a> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">Later 9 mo-16 y \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">22 cases<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0045">1–4</a> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr></tbody></table> """ ] "imagenFichero" => array:1 [ 0 => "xTab1393483.png" ] ] ] ] "descripcion" => array:1 [ "en" => "Cases of Skin Metastases From Prostate Cancer Reported in the Literature." ] ] ] "bibliografia" => array:2 [ "titulo" => "References" "seccion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "bibs0005" "bibliografiaReferencia" => array:8 [ 0 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0045" "etiqueta" => "1" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Cutaneous metastasis of prostate cancer: A case report and review of the literature with bioinformatics analysis of multiple healthcare delivery networks" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:3 [ 0 => "G.T. Brown" 1 => "V. Patel" 2 => "C.C. Lee" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1111/cup.12296" "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "J Cutan Pathol" "fecha" => "2014" "volumen" => "41" "paginaInicial" => "524" "paginaFinal" => "528" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24456209" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 1 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0050" "etiqueta" => "2" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Multiple cutaneous metastases in the chest from prostatic carcinoma" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:4 [ 0 => "G. Pistone" 1 => "A. Pistone" 2 => "M. Aricò" 3 => "M.R. Bongiorno" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1159/000346801" "Revista" => array:7 [ "tituloSerie" => "Case Rep Dermatol" "fecha" => "2013" "volumen" => "5" "paginaInicial" => "27" "paginaFinal" => "30" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23898267" "web" => "Medline" ] ] "itemHostRev" => array:3 [ "pii" => "S0090429508018049" "estado" => "S300" "issn" => "00904295" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 2 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0055" "etiqueta" => "3" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Cutaneous metastasis of prostate carcinoma treated with radiotherapy: A case presentation" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:4 [ 0 => "G. Mak" 1 => "M. Chin" 2 => "N. Nahar" 3 => "P. De Souza" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1186/1756-0500-7-505" "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "BMC Res Notes" "fecha" => "2014" "volumen" => "7" "paginaInicial" => "505" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25103825" "web" => "Medline" ] ] "itemHostRev" => array:3 [ "pii" => "S0302283807011657" "estado" => "S300" "issn" => "03022838" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 3 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0060" "etiqueta" => "4" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Eruptive nodules of the head and neck: A case report of metastatic prostate cancer" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:4 [ 0 => "G. Brown" 1 => "D. Kurtzman" 2 => "F. Lian" 3 => "J. Sligh" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:4 [ "tituloSerie" => "Dermatol Online J" "fecha" => "2014" "volumen" => "20" "paginaInicial" => "18" ] ] ] ] ] ] 4 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0065" "etiqueta" => "5" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Rates of cutaneous metastases from different internal malignancies: Experience from a Taiwanese medical center" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:6 [ 0 => "S.C. Hu" 1 => "G.S. Chen" 2 => "C.S. Wu" 3 => "C.Y. Chai" 4 => "W.T. Chen" 5 => "C.C. Lan" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1016/j.jaad.2008.10.007" "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "J Am Acad Dermatol" "fecha" => "2009" "volumen" => "60" "paginaInicial" => "379" "paginaFinal" => "387" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19056145" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 5 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0070" "etiqueta" => "6" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Cutaneous metastases of internal tumors" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:4 [ 0 => "M.C. Fernández-Antón Martínez" 1 => "V. Parra-Blanco" 2 => "J.A. Avilés Izquierdo" 3 => "R.M. Suárez Fernández" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1016/j.ad.2012.06.005" "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Actas Dermosifiliogr" "fecha" => "2013" "volumen" => "104" "paginaInicial" => "841" "paginaFinal" => "853" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22853962" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 6 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0075" "etiqueta" => "7" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Heterogeneity of prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) expression in prostate carcinoma with distant metastasis" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:6 [ 0 => "S. Mannweiler" 1 => "P. Amersdorfer" 2 => "S. Trajanoski" 3 => "J. Terrett" 4 => "D. King" 5 => "G. Mehes" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1007/s12253-008-9104-2" "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Pathol Oncol Res" "fecha" => "2009" "volumen" => "15" "paginaInicial" => "167" "paginaFinal" => "172" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18802790" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 7 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0080" "etiqueta" => "8" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Diagnostic utility of p501s (prostein) in comparison to prostate specific antigen (PSA) for the detection of metastatic prostatic adenocarcinoma" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:3 [ 0 => "M. Yin" 1 => "R. Dhir" 2 => "A.V. Parwani" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1186/1746-1596-2-1" "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Diagn Pathol" "fecha" => "2007" "volumen" => "2" "paginaInicial" => "1" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17212821" "web" => "Medline" ] ] "itemHostRev" => array:3 [ "pii" => "S0090429508019948" "estado" => "S300" "issn" => "00904295" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] "idiomaDefecto" => "en" "url" => "/15782190/0000010700000007/v2_201704140340/S1578219016301378/v2_201704140340/en/main.assets" "Apartado" => array:4 [ "identificador" => "34944" "tipo" => "SECCION" "en" => array:2 [ "titulo" => "e- Case Report" "idiomaDefecto" => true ] "idiomaDefecto" => "en" ] "PDF" => "https://static.elsevier.es/multimedia/15782190/0000010700000007/v2_201704140340/S1578219016301378/v2_201704140340/en/main.pdf?idApp=UINPBA000044&text.app=https://actasdermo.org/" "EPUB" => "https://multimedia.elsevier.es/PublicationsMultimediaV1/item/epub/S1578219016301378?idApp=UINPBA000044"]

Estadísticas

e- Case Report

Distant Cutaneous Metastases of Prostate Cancer: A Report of 2 Cases

Metástasis cutáneas a distancia de cáncer de próstata: 2 casos

R. Rodríguez-Lojoa,

Autor para correspondencia

rodriguezlojo@hotmail.com

Corresponding author.

, I. Castiñeirasa, J.L. Rey-Sanjurjob, M.L. Fernández-Díaza

a Servicio de Dermatología, Hospital Universitario Lucus Augusti, Lugo, Spain

b Servicio de Anatomía Patológica, Hospital Universitario Lucus Augusti, Lugo, Spain

Leído

6120

Veces
se ha leído el artículo

1838

Total PDF

4282

Total HTML

Compartir estadísticas

 array:24 [
  "pii" => "S1578219016301378"
  "issn" => "15782190"
  "doi" => "10.1016/j.adengl.2016.06.006"
  "estado" => "S300"
  "fechaPublicacion" => "2016-09-01"
  "aid" => "1356"
  "copyright" => "Elsevier Espa&#241;a&#44; S&#46;L&#46;U&#46; and AEDV"
  "copyrightAnyo" => "2016"
  "documento" => "simple-article"
  "crossmark" => 1
  "subdocumento" => "crp"
  "cita" => "Actas Dermosifiliogr. 2016;107:e52-6"
  "abierto" => array:3 [
    "ES" => true
    "ES2" => true
    "LATM" => true
  ]
  "gratuito" => true
  "lecturas" => array:2 [
    "total" => 830
    "formatos" => array:3 [
      "EPUB" => 62
      "HTML" => 594
      "PDF" => 174
    ]
  ]
  "Traduccion" => array:1 [
    "es" => array:19 [
      "pii" => "S0001731016000697"
      "issn" => "00017310"
      "doi" => "10.1016/j.ad.2015.09.021"
      "estado" => "S300"
      "fechaPublicacion" => "2016-09-01"
      "aid" => "1356"
      "copyright" => "AEDV"
      "documento" => "simple-article"
      "crossmark" => 1
      "subdocumento" => "crp"
      "cita" => "Actas Dermosifiliogr. 2016;107:e52-6"
      "abierto" => array:3 [
        "ES" => true
        "ES2" => true
        "LATM" => true
      ]
      "gratuito" => true
      "lecturas" => array:2 [
        "total" => 425
        "formatos" => array:3 [
          "EPUB" => 3
          "HTML" => 369
          "PDF" => 53
        ]
      ]
      "es" => array:13 [
        "idiomaDefecto" => true
        "cabecera" => "<span class="elsevierStyleTextfn">e-Casos cl&#237;nicos</span>"
        "titulo" => "Met&#225;stasis cut&#225;neas a distancia de c&#225;ncer de pr&#243;stata&#58; 2 casos"
        "tienePdf" => "es"
        "tieneTextoCompleto" => "es"
        "tieneResumen" => array:2 [
          0 => "es"
          1 => "en"
        ]
        "paginas" => array:1 [
          0 => array:2 [
            "paginaInicial" => "e52"
            "paginaFinal" => "e56"
          ]
        ]
        "titulosAlternativos" => array:1 [
          "en" => array:1 [
            "titulo" => "Distant Cutaneous Metastases of Prostate Cancer&#58; A Report of 2 Cases"
          ]
        ]
        "contieneResumen" => array:2 [
          "es" => true
          "en" => true
        ]
        "contieneTextoCompleto" => array:1 [
          "es" => true
        ]
        "contienePdf" => array:1 [
          "es" => true
        ]
        "resumenGrafico" => array:2 [
          "original" => 0
          "multimedia" => array:7 [
            "identificador" => "fig0010"
            "etiqueta" => "Figura 2"
            "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIAFIGURA"
            "mostrarFloat" => true
            "mostrarDisplay" => false
            "figura" => array:1 [
              0 => array:4 [
                "imagen" => "gr2.jpeg"
                "Alto" => 1211
                "Ancho" => 1500
                "Tamanyo" => 437505
              ]
            ]
            "descripcion" => array:1 [
              "es" => "<p id="spar0020" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Caso 1&#46; A&#46; Hematoxilina-eosina &#40;HE&#41;&#46; B&#46; Fosfata &#225;cida prost&#225;tica &#40;FAP&#41; &#40;X100&#41;&#46; C&#46; Ant&#237;geno espec&#237;fico de membrana prost&#225;tica &#40;PSMA&#41; &#40;x100&#41;&#46;</p>"
            ]
          ]
        ]
        "autores" => array:1 [
          0 => array:2 [
            "autoresLista" => "R&#46; Rodr&#237;guez-Lojo, I&#46; Casti&#241;eiras, J&#46;L&#46; Rey-Sanjurjo, M&#46;L&#46; Fern&#225;ndez-D&#237;az"
            "autores" => array:4 [
              0 => array:2 [
                "nombre" => "R&#46;"
                "apellidos" => "Rodr&#237;guez-Lojo"
              ]
              1 => array:2 [
                "nombre" => "I&#46;"
                "apellidos" => "Casti&#241;eiras"
              ]
              2 => array:2 [
                "nombre" => "J&#46;L&#46;"
                "apellidos" => "Rey-Sanjurjo"
              ]
              3 => array:2 [
                "nombre" => "M&#46;L&#46;"
                "apellidos" => "Fern&#225;ndez-D&#237;az"
              ]
            ]
          ]
        ]
      ]
      "idiomaDefecto" => "es"
      "Traduccion" => array:1 [
        "en" => array:9 [
          "pii" => "S1578219016301378"
          "doi" => "10.1016/j.adengl.2016.06.006"
          "estado" => "S300"
          "subdocumento" => ""
          "abierto" => array:3 [
            "ES" => true
            "ES2" => true
            "LATM" => true
          ]
          "gratuito" => true
          "lecturas" => array:1 [
            "total" => 0
          ]
          "idiomaDefecto" => "en"
          "EPUB" => "https://multimedia.elsevier.es/PublicationsMultimediaV1/item/epub/S1578219016301378?idApp=UINPBA000044"
        ]
      ]
      "EPUB" => "https://multimedia.elsevier.es/PublicationsMultimediaV1/item/epub/S0001731016000697?idApp=UINPBA000044"
      "url" => "/00017310/0000010700000007/v2_201609150132/S0001731016000697/v2_201609150132/es/main.assets"
    ]
  ]
  "itemSiguiente" => array:19 [
    "pii" => "S157821901630138X"
    "issn" => "15782190"
    "doi" => "10.1016/j.adengl.2016.06.007"
    "estado" => "S300"
    "fechaPublicacion" => "2016-09-01"
    "aid" => "1330"
    "copyright" => "Elsevier Espa&#241;a&#44; S&#46;L&#46;U&#46; and AEDV"
    "documento" => "simple-article"
    "crossmark" => 1
    "subdocumento" => "crp"
    "cita" => "Actas Dermosifiliogr. 2016;107:597-8"
    "abierto" => array:3 [
      "ES" => true
      "ES2" => true
      "LATM" => true
    ]
    "gratuito" => true
    "lecturas" => array:2 [
      "total" => 757
      "formatos" => array:3 [
        "EPUB" => 54
        "HTML" => 552
        "PDF" => 151
      ]
    ]
    "en" => array:11 [
      "idiomaDefecto" => true
      "cabecera" => "<span class="elsevierStyleTextfn">Case for Diagnosis</span>"
      "titulo" => "Acquired Linear Lesion in the Presternal Region"
      "tienePdf" => "en"
      "tieneTextoCompleto" => "en"
      "paginas" => array:1 [
        0 => array:2 [
          "paginaInicial" => "597"
          "paginaFinal" => "598"
        ]
      ]
      "titulosAlternativos" => array:1 [
        "es" => array:1 [
          "titulo" => "Lesi&#243;n adquirida de distribuci&#243;n lineal en regi&#243;n preesternal"
        ]
      ]
      "contieneTextoCompleto" => array:1 [
        "en" => true
      ]
      "contienePdf" => array:1 [
        "en" => true
      ]
      "resumenGrafico" => array:2 [
        "original" => 0
        "multimedia" => array:6 [
          "identificador" => "fig0010"
          "etiqueta" => "Figure 2"
          "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIAFIGURA"
          "mostrarFloat" => true
          "mostrarDisplay" => false
          "figura" => array:1 [
            0 => array:4 [
              "imagen" => "gr2.jpeg"
              "Alto" => 650
              "Ancho" => 445
              "Tamanyo" => 56005
            ]
          ]
        ]
      ]
      "autores" => array:1 [
        0 => array:2 [
          "autoresLista" => "A&#46; S&#225;nchez-Orta, F&#46; Alb&#237;zuri-Prado, E&#46; Sendagorta Cud&#243;s"
          "autores" => array:3 [
            0 => array:2 [
              "nombre" => "A&#46;"
              "apellidos" => "S&#225;nchez-Orta"
            ]
            1 => array:2 [
              "nombre" => "F&#46;"
              "apellidos" => "Alb&#237;zuri-Prado"
            ]
            2 => array:2 [
              "nombre" => "E&#46;"
              "apellidos" => "Sendagorta Cud&#243;s"
            ]
          ]
        ]
      ]
    ]
    "idiomaDefecto" => "en"
    "Traduccion" => array:1 [
      "es" => array:9 [
        "pii" => "S0001731015005694"
        "doi" => "10.1016/j.ad.2015.04.028"
        "estado" => "S300"
        "subdocumento" => ""
        "abierto" => array:3 [
          "ES" => true
          "ES2" => true
          "LATM" => true
        ]
        "gratuito" => true
        "lecturas" => array:1 [
          "total" => 0
        ]
        "idiomaDefecto" => "es"
        "EPUB" => "https://multimedia.elsevier.es/PublicationsMultimediaV1/item/epub/S0001731015005694?idApp=UINPBA000044"
      ]
    ]
    "EPUB" => "https://multimedia.elsevier.es/PublicationsMultimediaV1/item/epub/S157821901630138X?idApp=UINPBA000044"
    "url" => "/15782190/0000010700000007/v2_201704140340/S157821901630138X/v2_201704140340/en/main.assets"
  ]
  "itemAnterior" => array:19 [
    "pii" => "S1578219016301366"
    "issn" => "15782190"
    "doi" => "10.1016/j.adengl.2016.06.005"
    "estado" => "S300"
    "fechaPublicacion" => "2016-09-01"
    "aid" => "1372"
    "copyright" => "Elsevier Espa&#241;a&#44; S&#46;L&#46;U&#46; and AEDV"
    "documento" => "simple-article"
    "crossmark" => 1
    "subdocumento" => "crp"
    "cita" => "Actas Dermosifiliogr. 2016;107:e47-51"
    "abierto" => array:3 [
      "ES" => true
      "ES2" => true
      "LATM" => true
    ]
    "gratuito" => true
    "lecturas" => array:2 [
      "total" => 3827
      "formatos" => array:3 [
        "EPUB" => 46
        "HTML" => 3311
        "PDF" => 470
      ]
    ]
    "en" => array:13 [
      "idiomaDefecto" => true
      "cabecera" => "<span class="elsevierStyleTextfn">e-Casos cl&#237;nicos</span>"
      "titulo" => "<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Mycoplasma pneumoniae</span>-Induced Mucocutaneous Rash&#58; A New Syndrome Distinct from Erythema Multiforme&#63; Report of a New Case and Review of the Literature"
      "tienePdf" => "en"
      "tieneTextoCompleto" => "en"
      "tieneResumen" => array:2 [
        0 => "en"
        1 => "es"
      ]
      "paginas" => array:1 [
        0 => array:2 [
          "paginaInicial" => "e47"
          "paginaFinal" => "e51"
        ]
      ]
      "titulosAlternativos" => array:1 [
        "es" => array:1 [
          "titulo" => "Exantema mucocut&#225;neo inducido por <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Mycoplasma pneumoniae</span>&#58; &#191;un nuevo s&#237;ndrome separado del eritema multiforme&#63; Un nuevo caso y revisi&#243;n de la literatura"
        ]
      ]
      "contieneResumen" => array:2 [
        "en" => true
        "es" => true
      ]
      "contieneTextoCompleto" => array:1 [
        "en" => true
      ]
      "contienePdf" => array:1 [
        "en" => true
      ]
      "resumenGrafico" => array:2 [
        "original" => 0
        "multimedia" => array:7 [
          "identificador" => "fig0010"
          "etiqueta" => "Figure 2"
          "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIAFIGURA"
          "mostrarFloat" => true
          "mostrarDisplay" => false
          "figura" => array:1 [
            0 => array:4 [
              "imagen" => "gr2.jpeg"
              "Alto" => 736
              "Ancho" => 925
              "Tamanyo" => 94091
            ]
          ]
          "descripcion" => array:1 [
            "en" => "<p id="spar0020" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Pneumonia infiltrate in the right upper lobe &#40;arrow&#41;&#46;</p>"
          ]
        ]
      ]
      "autores" => array:1 [
        0 => array:2 [
          "autoresLista" => "M&#46; Mart&#237;nez-P&#233;rez, A&#46; Imbern&#243;n-Moya, A&#46; Lobato-Berezo, M&#46; Churruca-Grijelmo"
          "autores" => array:4 [
            0 => array:2 [
              "nombre" => "M&#46;"
              "apellidos" => "Mart&#237;nez-P&#233;rez"
            ]
            1 => array:2 [
              "nombre" => "A&#46;"
              "apellidos" => "Imbern&#243;n-Moya"
            ]
            2 => array:2 [
              "nombre" => "A&#46;"
              "apellidos" => "Lobato-Berezo"
            ]
            3 => array:2 [
              "nombre" => "M&#46;"
              "apellidos" => "Churruca-Grijelmo"
            ]
          ]
        ]
      ]
    ]
    "idiomaDefecto" => "en"
    "Traduccion" => array:1 [
      "es" => array:9 [
        "pii" => "S0001731016000922"
        "doi" => "10.1016/j.ad.2015.09.023"
        "estado" => "S300"
        "subdocumento" => ""
        "abierto" => array:3 [
          "ES" => true
          "ES2" => true
          "LATM" => true
        ]
        "gratuito" => true
        "lecturas" => array:1 [
          "total" => 0
        ]
        "idiomaDefecto" => "es"
        "EPUB" => "https://multimedia.elsevier.es/PublicationsMultimediaV1/item/epub/S0001731016000922?idApp=UINPBA000044"
      ]
    ]
    "EPUB" => "https://multimedia.elsevier.es/PublicationsMultimediaV1/item/epub/S1578219016301366?idApp=UINPBA000044"
    "url" => "/15782190/0000010700000007/v2_201704140340/S1578219016301366/v2_201704140340/en/main.assets"
  ]
  "en" => array:18 [
    "idiomaDefecto" => true
    "cabecera" => "<span class="elsevierStyleTextfn">e- Case Report</span>"
    "titulo" => "Distant Cutaneous Metastases of Prostate Cancer&#58; A Report of 2 Cases"
    "tieneTextoCompleto" => true
    "paginas" => array:1 [
      0 => array:2 [
        "paginaInicial" => "e52"
        "paginaFinal" => "e56"
      ]
    ]
    "autores" => array:1 [
      0 => array:4 [
        "autoresLista" => "R&#46; Rodr&#237;guez-Lojo, I&#46; Casti&#241;eiras, J&#46;L&#46; Rey-Sanjurjo, M&#46;L&#46; Fern&#225;ndez-D&#237;az"
        "autores" => array:4 [
          0 => array:4 [
            "nombre" => "R&#46;"
            "apellidos" => "Rodr&#237;guez-Lojo"
            "email" => array:1 [
              0 => "rodriguezlojo&#64;hotmail&#46;com"
            ]
            "referencia" => array:2 [
              0 => array:2 [
                "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">a</span>"
                "identificador" => "aff0005"
              ]
              1 => array:2 [
                "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">&#42;</span>"
                "identificador" => "cor0005"
              ]
            ]
          ]
          1 => array:3 [
            "nombre" => "I&#46;"
            "apellidos" => "Casti&#241;eiras"
            "referencia" => array:1 [
              0 => array:2 [
                "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">a</span>"
                "identificador" => "aff0005"
              ]
            ]
          ]
          2 => array:3 [
            "nombre" => "J&#46;L&#46;"
            "apellidos" => "Rey-Sanjurjo"
            "referencia" => array:1 [
              0 => array:2 [
                "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">b</span>"
                "identificador" => "aff0010"
              ]
            ]
          ]
          3 => array:3 [
            "nombre" => "M&#46;L&#46;"
            "apellidos" => "Fern&#225;ndez-D&#237;az"
            "referencia" => array:1 [
              0 => array:2 [
                "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">a</span>"
                "identificador" => "aff0005"
              ]
            ]
          ]
        ]
        "afiliaciones" => array:2 [
          0 => array:3 [
            "entidad" => "Servicio de Dermatolog&#237;a&#44; Hospital Universitario Lucus Augusti&#44; Lugo&#44; Spain"
            "etiqueta" => "a"
            "identificador" => "aff0005"
          ]
          1 => array:3 [
            "entidad" => "Servicio de Anatom&#237;a Patol&#243;gica&#44; Hospital Universitario Lucus Augusti&#44; Lugo&#44; Spain"
            "etiqueta" => "b"
            "identificador" => "aff0010"
          ]
        ]
        "correspondencia" => array:1 [
          0 => array:3 [
            "identificador" => "cor0005"
            "etiqueta" => "&#8270;"
            "correspondencia" => "Corresponding author&#46;"
          ]
        ]
      ]
    ]
    "titulosAlternativos" => array:1 [
      "es" => array:1 [
        "titulo" => "Met&#225;stasis cut&#225;neas a distancia de c&#225;ncer de pr&#243;stata&#58; 2 casos"
      ]
    ]
    "resumenGrafico" => array:2 [
      "original" => 0
      "multimedia" => array:7 [
        "identificador" => "fig0010"
        "etiqueta" => "Figure 2"
        "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIAFIGURA"
        "mostrarFloat" => true
        "mostrarDisplay" => false
        "figura" => array:1 [
          0 => array:4 [
            "imagen" => "gr2.jpeg"
            "Alto" => 1211
            "Ancho" => 1500
            "Tamanyo" => 458418
          ]
        ]
        "descripcion" => array:1 [
          "en" => "<p id="spar0020" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Case 1&#46; A&#44; Hematoxylin-eosin&#46; B&#44; Prostatic acid phosphatase&#44; original magnification x100&#46; C&#44; Prostate specific membrane antigen&#44; original magnification x100&#46;</p>"
        ]
      ]
    ]
    "textoCompleto" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSections"><span id="sec0005" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0025">Introduction</span><p id="par0005" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Prostate cancer is one of the most common noncutaneous malignant tumors in men and a frequent cause of cancer-related death&#46; Despite its high prevalence and incidence&#44; skin metastases are extremely rare&#46; Few cases of skin metastases from prostate cancer have been reported in the literature&#46; Most skin metastases have been on the penis and scrotum&#59; distant skin metastases are much less common and have an atypical clinical presentation that can delay diagnosis&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0045"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">1</span></a></p><p id="par0010" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">We present 2 cases of patients with distant skin metastases of prostate cancer&#44; drawing attention to the unusual site and clinical presentation&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0010" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0030">Case 1</span><p id="par0015" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The patient was a 66-year-old man with stage <span class="elsevierStyleSmallCaps">iv</span>&#44; Gleason 8 &#40;5<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#43;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>3&#41; adenocarcinoma of the prostate diagnosed 11 years earlier and treated by radical prostatectomy&#44; pelvic radiotherapy&#44; hormone therapy&#44; and chemotherapy&#46; He presented 2 infiltrated&#44; stony-hard plaques in a linear distribution on both breasts&#44; the larger one being on the left breast&#46; The plaques were formed of yellowish papular lesions that had first appeared approximately a year earlier and had increased progressively in size &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0005">Fig&#46; 1</a>&#44; A and B&#41;&#46; The patient described induration of both breasts in recent years&#59; this had been interpreted as gynecomastia related to his hormone treatment&#46; During follow-up in oncology&#44; the patient had presented a progressive elevation of prostate specific antigen &#40;PSA&#41; levels in blood over the previous months &#40;PSA 7&#46;45<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>ng&#47;ml in the latest blood tests before consultation&#59; PSA&#44; 3&#46;38<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>ng&#47;ml 2 months earlier&#41;&#46;</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="fig0005"></elsevierMultimedia><p id="par0020" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Skin biopsies were taken from both plaques&#46; Routine techniques showed poorly differentiated tumor cells with an epithelioid appearance and a diffuse growth pattern&#46; Immunohistochemistry &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0005">Table 1</a>&#41; was positive for cytokeratin AE1&#47;AE3&#44; prostate specific membrane antigen &#40;PSMA&#41; 3E6&#44; E-cadherin&#44; androgen receptors&#44; and prostatic acid phosphatase &#40;this last parameter was positive in a smaller number of tumor cells&#41; &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0010">Fig&#46; 2</a>&#44; A-C&#41;&#46; These findings strongly supported the diagnosis of skin metastases from the patient&#39;s adenocarcinoma of the prostate and ruled out a primary breast tumor&#46;</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="tbl0005"></elsevierMultimedia><elsevierMultimedia ident="fig0010"></elsevierMultimedia><p id="par0025" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">After the diagnosis of skin metastases&#44; and in view of the progression of the bone metastases&#44; chemotherapy treatment was reinitiated&#46; The clinical course was poor and the patient died a year later&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0015" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0035">Case 2</span><p id="par0030" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">This 86-year-old man was diagnosed with stage <span class="elsevierStyleSmallCaps">iv</span>&#44; Gleason 7 &#40;3<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#43;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>4&#41; adenocarcinoma of the prostate in 2010 and had been treated with total hormonal blockade and chemotherapy&#46; Three years later the patient consulted for asymptomatic skin lesions that had arisen approximately a week earlier and had increased progressively in size and number&#46; Physical examination revealed indurated&#44; erythematous&#44; papules grouped on the anteromedial surface of the right knee and isolated nonindurated lesions of similar appearance but smaller size that had arisen hours earlier on the anterior surface of the same leg &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0015">Fig&#46; 3</a>&#44; A and B&#41;&#46;</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="fig0015"></elsevierMultimedia><p id="par0035" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Biopsy of a lesion showed a poorly differentiated tumor of epithelial appearance&#44; with a diffuse growth pattern&#46; Immunohistochemistry was positive for cytokeratin AE1&#47;AE3&#44; PSA&#44; androgen receptors&#44; prostatic acid phosphatatase&#44; prostein &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0020">Fig&#46; 4</a>&#44; A-C&#41;&#44; and PSMA &#40;present in only a small number of tumor cells&#41; &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0005">Table 1</a>&#41;&#46; Based on this immunohistochemistry profile&#44; the tissue was reported as skin metastases from a poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma&#44; compatible with a prostatic origin&#46; The patient died a month later&#46;</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="fig0020"></elsevierMultimedia></span><span id="sec0020" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0040">Discussion</span><p id="par0040" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Prostate cancer is usually associated with bone&#44; lung&#44; liver&#44; and lymph node metastases&#59; skin involvement is very rare &#40;less than 1&#37;&#41;&#46; When prostate cancer metastasizes to the skin&#44; the metastases typically appear locally as asymptomatic papules or nodules&#44; mainly on the genitalia&#44; suprapubic region&#44; or root of the thighs&#46; Distant skin metastases are rarer and can affect the chest and head&#44; without the typical nodular morphology&#44; with a clinical presentation that can mimic other skin diseases &#40;zosteriform distribution&#44; lesions of sclerodermiform or inflammatory appearance&#44; etc&#46;&#41;&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0050"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">2&#8211;5</span></a></p><p id="par0045" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The incidence of skin metastases from internal tumors appears to have increased in recent years&#8212;this may be due to better diagnosis rather than a true increase&#8212;but even so&#44; these metastases continue to be rare in clinical practice&#44; with an estimated incidence of 0&#46;7&#37; to 9&#37; of patients with internal tumors&#44; depending on the series&#46; The prostatic origin of skin metastases is very rare&#46;</p><p id="par0050" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The tumors that most commonly give rise to skin metastases have been described according to the site of the metastases&#46; Lung and breast cancers metastasize most frequently to the chest and&#44; together with renal and digestive tract tumors&#44; to the limbs&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0070"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">6</span></a></p><p id="par0055" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Hypotheses on the route of spread of prostate carcinoma to the skin include direct invasion and lymphatic or hematogenous spread&#44; or a combination of these routes&#59; the exact mechanism remains unclear&#46; Few studies have investigated the mechanisms that favor the spread of some malignant internal tumors to the skin&#44; although some cytokines that might favor metastatic tumor spread have recently been implicated&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0055"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">3&#44;5&#44;6</span></a></p><p id="par0060" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Immunohistochemistry can help to confirm the tumor of origin of skin metastases&#46; Although PSA is relatively specific&#44; it can also be expressed by breast carcinomas &#40;infiltrating ductal and apocrine carcinomas&#41;&#44; small cell lung cancer&#44; and poorly differentiated neuroendocrine carcinomas&#46; The absence of positivity for PSA does not exclude a prostatic origin of a tumor&#44; as undifferentiated tumors can lose the ability to express PSA&#46; In these cases&#44; the measurement of prostatic acid phosphatase&#44; PSMA&#44; and prostein can be useful&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0060"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">4&#44;7&#44;8</span></a> In our first case&#44; a negative PSA can be explained by the previous hormone therapy&#46; The site on the breast&#44; together with the negative PSA result&#44; required us to exclude other possibilities&#44; primarily breast carcinoma&#59; cytokeratin7&#44; epithelial membrane antigen&#44; mammaglobin&#44; GCDFP-15&#44; estrogens&#44; and progesterone were therefore measured&#46; Androgen receptors may be positive in some breast carcinomas&#44; mainly in grade <span class="elsevierStyleSmallCaps">iii</span> tumors&#44; and this parameter is therefore unhelpful in the differential diagnosis&#46; The other diagnosis that histologically must always be taken into account is melanoma&#46; For this we studied S100&#44; Melan-A&#44; and HMB 45&#46; Cytokeratin20 was measured to exclude other possible metastatic cancers &#40;such as colon&#41;&#46;</p><p id="par0065" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The skin lesions in prostate cancer typically appear late and are associated with a very poor prognosis&#44; with a mean estimated survival of 7 months&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0055"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">3&#44;4</span></a></p><p id="par0070" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Treatment options in skin metastases from prostate cancer are mostly palliative&#44; and include surgery&#44; radiotherapy&#44; and intralesional chemotherapy&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0055"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">3&#44;4</span></a></p><p id="par0075" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">In conclusion&#44; we have presented 2 cases of distant skin metastases from prostate cancer&#46; Fewer than 30 cases have been reported in the literature &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0010">Table 2</a>&#41;&#46; We consider that this may be an underdiagnosed disease and note the atypical clinical presentation that can occur in some patients&#46; We also draw attention to the poor prognosis associated with the appearance of skin metastases in prostate cancer&#44; with a survival of only months&#46;</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="tbl0010"></elsevierMultimedia></span><span id="sec0025" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0045">Ethical disclosures</span><span id="sec0030" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0050">Protection of human and animal subjects&#46;</span><p id="par0080" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The authors declare that no experiments were performed on humans or animals for this research&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0035" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0055">Confidentiality of data</span><p id="par0085" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The authors declare that they followed their hospital&#39;s regulations regarding the publication of patient information&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0040" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0060">Right to privacy and informed consent</span><p id="par0090" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The authors declare that no private patient data are disclosed in this article&#46;</p></span></span><span id="sec0045" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0065">Conflicts of Interest</span><p id="par0095" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest&#46;</p></span></span>"
    "textoCompletoSecciones" => array:1 [
      "secciones" => array:11 [
        0 => array:3 [
          "identificador" => "xres828175"
          "titulo" => "Abstract"
          "secciones" => array:1 [
            0 => array:1 [
              "identificador" => "abst0005"
            ]
          ]
        ]
        1 => array:2 [
          "identificador" => "xpalclavsec824414"
          "titulo" => "Keywords"
        ]
        2 => array:3 [
          "identificador" => "xres828176"
          "titulo" => "Resumen"
          "secciones" => array:1 [
            0 => array:1 [
              "identificador" => "abst0010"
            ]
          ]
        ]
        3 => array:2 [
          "identificador" => "xpalclavsec824413"
          "titulo" => "Palabras clave"
        ]
        4 => array:2 [
          "identificador" => "sec0005"
          "titulo" => "Introduction"
        ]
        5 => array:2 [
          "identificador" => "sec0010"
          "titulo" => "Case 1"
        ]
        6 => array:2 [
          "identificador" => "sec0015"
          "titulo" => "Case 2"
        ]
        7 => array:2 [
          "identificador" => "sec0020"
          "titulo" => "Discussion"
        ]
        8 => array:3 [
          "identificador" => "sec0025"
          "titulo" => "Ethical disclosures"
          "secciones" => array:3 [
            0 => array:2 [
              "identificador" => "sec0030"
              "titulo" => "Protection of human and animal subjects&#46;"
            ]
            1 => array:2 [
              "identificador" => "sec0035"
              "titulo" => "Confidentiality of data"
            ]
            2 => array:2 [
              "identificador" => "sec0040"
              "titulo" => "Right to privacy and informed consent"
            ]
          ]
        ]
        9 => array:2 [
          "identificador" => "sec0045"
          "titulo" => "Conflicts of Interest"
        ]
        10 => array:1 [
          "titulo" => "References"
        ]
      ]
    ]
    "pdfFichero" => "main.pdf"
    "tienePdf" => true
    "PalabrasClave" => array:2 [
      "en" => array:1 [
        0 => array:4 [
          "clase" => "keyword"
          "titulo" => "Keywords"
          "identificador" => "xpalclavsec824414"
          "palabras" => array:4 [
            0 => "Cutaneous metastasis"
            1 => "Prostate cancer"
            2 => "Prostein"
            3 => "Prostate-specific membrane antigen"
          ]
        ]
      ]
      "es" => array:1 [
        0 => array:4 [
          "clase" => "keyword"
          "titulo" => "Palabras clave"
          "identificador" => "xpalclavsec824413"
          "palabras" => array:4 [
            0 => "Met&#225;stasis cut&#225;neas"
            1 => "C&#225;ncer pr&#243;stata"
            2 => "Proste&#237;na"
            3 => "Ant&#237;geno espec&#237;fico de membrana prost&#225;tica"
          ]
        ]
      ]
    ]
    "tieneResumen" => true
    "resumen" => array:2 [
      "en" => array:2 [
        "titulo" => "Abstract"
        "resumen" => "<span id="abst0005" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><p id="spar0005" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Cutaneous metastases of prostate cancer are extremely rare&#46; We present 2 cases of distant cutaneous metastases at atypical locations of prostate adenocarcinoma&#44; and highlight the value of 2 immunohistochemical stains&#8212;prostatic acid phosphatase and prostate-specific membrane antigen&#8212;that can aid diagnosis&#44; particularly in cases with negative staining for prostate-specific antigen&#46;</p></span>"
      ]
      "es" => array:2 [
        "titulo" => "Resumen"
        "resumen" => "<span id="abst0010" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><p id="spar0010" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Las met&#225;stasis cut&#225;neas de c&#225;ncer de pr&#243;stata son extremadamente infrecuentes&#46; Presentamos 2 casos de met&#225;stasis cut&#225;neas a distancia de adenocarcinoma de pr&#243;stata&#44; con localizaci&#243;n at&#237;pica y destacando 2 tinciones inmunohistoqu&#237;micas que pueden ayudar al diagn&#243;stico &#40;fosfatasa &#225;cida prost&#225;tica y el ant&#237;geno prost&#225;tico espec&#237;fico de membrana prost&#225;tica&#41;&#44; fundamentalmente en aquellos casos en los que el ant&#237;geno prost&#225;tico espec&#237;fico es negativo&#46;</p></span>"
      ]
    ]
    "NotaPie" => array:1 [
      0 => array:2 [
        "etiqueta" => "&#9734;"
        "nota" => "<p class="elsevierStyleNotepara" id="npar0005">Please cite this article as&#58; Rodr&#237;guez-Lojo R&#44; Casti&#241;eiras I&#44; Rey-Sanjurjo JL&#44; Fern&#225;ndez-D&#237;az ML&#46; Met&#225;stasis cut&#225;neas a distancia de c&#225;ncer de pr&#243;stata&#58; 2 casos&#46; Actas Dermosifiliogr&#46; 2016&#59;107&#58;e52&#8211;e56&#46;</p>"
      ]
    ]
    "multimedia" => array:6 [
      0 => array:7 [
        "identificador" => "fig0005"
        "etiqueta" => "Figure 1"
        "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIAFIGURA"
        "mostrarFloat" => true
        "mostrarDisplay" => false
        "figura" => array:1 [
          0 => array:4 [
            "imagen" => "gr1.jpeg"
            "Alto" => 555
            "Ancho" => 1512
            "Tamanyo" => 77663
          ]
        ]
        "descripcion" => array:1 [
          "en" => "<p id="spar0015" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Case 1&#46; A&#44; Two indurated plaques on the breasts&#46; B&#44; A yellowish erythematous plaque on the left breast&#46;</p>"
        ]
      ]
      1 => array:7 [
        "identificador" => "fig0010"
        "etiqueta" => "Figure 2"
        "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIAFIGURA"
        "mostrarFloat" => true
        "mostrarDisplay" => false
        "figura" => array:1 [
          0 => array:4 [
            "imagen" => "gr2.jpeg"
            "Alto" => 1211
            "Ancho" => 1500
            "Tamanyo" => 458418
          ]
        ]
        "descripcion" => array:1 [
          "en" => "<p id="spar0020" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Case 1&#46; A&#44; Hematoxylin-eosin&#46; B&#44; Prostatic acid phosphatase&#44; original magnification x100&#46; C&#44; Prostate specific membrane antigen&#44; original magnification x100&#46;</p>"
        ]
      ]
      2 => array:7 [
        "identificador" => "fig0015"
        "etiqueta" => "Figure 3"
        "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIAFIGURA"
        "mostrarFloat" => true
        "mostrarDisplay" => false
        "figura" => array:1 [
          0 => array:4 [
            "imagen" => "gr3.jpeg"
            "Alto" => 726
            "Ancho" => 1500
            "Tamanyo" => 110552
          ]
        ]
        "descripcion" => array:1 [
          "en" => "<p id="spar0025" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Case 2&#46; A&#44; Detail of grouped erythematous papules&#46; B&#44; Erythematous papules on the lower limb&#46;</p>"
        ]
      ]
      3 => array:7 [
        "identificador" => "fig0020"
        "etiqueta" => "Figure 4"
        "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIAFIGURA"
        "mostrarFloat" => true
        "mostrarDisplay" => false
        "figura" => array:1 [
          0 => array:4 [
            "imagen" => "gr4.jpeg"
            "Alto" => 1693
            "Ancho" => 1500
            "Tamanyo" => 533927
          ]
        ]
        "descripcion" => array:1 [
          "en" => "<p id="spar0030" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Case 2&#46; A&#44; Hematoxylin-eosin&#44; original magnification x200&#46; B&#44; Prostein&#44; original magnification x40&#46; C&#44; Prostate specific antigen&#44; original magnification x40&#46;</p>"
        ]
      ]
      4 => array:8 [
        "identificador" => "tbl0005"
        "etiqueta" => "Table 1"
        "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIATABLA"
        "mostrarFloat" => true
        "mostrarDisplay" => false
        "detalles" => array:1 [
          0 => array:3 [
            "identificador" => "at1"
            "detalle" => "Table "
            "rol" => "short"
          ]
        ]
        "tabla" => array:1 [
          "tablatextoimagen" => array:1 [
            0 => array:2 [
              "tabla" => array:1 [
                0 => """
                  <table border="0" frame="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\tvoid\n
                  \t\t\t\t" class=""><thead title="thead"><tr title="table-row"><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Case 1&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Case 2&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th></tr></thead><tbody title="tbody"><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">Cytokeratin AE1&#47;AE3&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">&#43;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">&#43;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">E-cadherin&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">&#43;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Not performed&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">Cytokeratin7&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">&#8722;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Not performed&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">Cytokeratin20&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">&#8722;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Not performed&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">Epithelial membrane antigen&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">&#8722;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Not performed&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">Mammaglobin&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">&#8722;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Not performed&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">GCDFP-15&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">&#8722;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Not performed&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">S-100&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">&#8722;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Not performed&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">Melan-A&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">&#8722;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Not performed&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">HMB-45&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">&#8722;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Not performed&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">Estrogen&#47;progesterone receptors&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">&#8722;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Not performed&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">CDX2&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">&#8722;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Not performed&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">Thyroid transcription factor-1&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">&#8722;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Not performed&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">Prostate specific antigen&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">&#8722;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">&#43;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">Prostein 10E3&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">&#8722;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">&#43;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">Prostate specific membrane antigen&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">&#43;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">&#43;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">Androgen receptors&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">&#43;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">&#43;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">Prostatic acid phosphatase&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">&#43;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">&#43;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr></tbody></table>
                  """
              ]
              "imagenFichero" => array:1 [
                0 => "xTab1393484.png"
              ]
            ]
          ]
        ]
        "descripcion" => array:1 [
          "en" => "<p id="spar0035" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Immunohistochemistry&#46;</p>"
        ]
      ]
      5 => array:8 [
        "identificador" => "tbl0010"
        "etiqueta" => "Table 2"
        "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIATABLA"
        "mostrarFloat" => true
        "mostrarDisplay" => false
        "detalles" => array:1 [
          0 => array:3 [
            "identificador" => "at2"
            "detalle" => "Table "
            "rol" => "short"
          ]
        ]
        "tabla" => array:1 [
          "tablatextoimagen" => array:1 [
            0 => array:2 [
              "tabla" => array:1 [
                0 => """
                  <table border="0" frame="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\tvoid\n
                  \t\t\t\t" class=""><tbody title="tbody"><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry  " rowspan="2" align="left" valign="top">Site of the skin metastases</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Local metastases&#58; pubis&#44; groin&#44; perianal&#44; root of the thighs&#44; scrotum&#44; penis&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">14 cases<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0045"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">1</span></a>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">Distant metastases&#58; scalp&#44; abdomen&#44; chest&#44; breast&#44; umbilicus&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">10 cases<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0045"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">1&#8211;4</span></a>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry  " rowspan="9" align="left" valign="top">Clinical presentation of the<br>skin metastases</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Papules&#47;nodules&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">12 cases<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0045"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">1&#44;2&#44;4</span></a>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">Zosteriform pattern&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">4 cases<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0045"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">1</span></a>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">Polypoid lesions&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">2 cases<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0045"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">1</span></a>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">Multinodular mass&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">1 case<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0045"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">1</span></a>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">Hemorrhagic vesicles&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">1 case<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0045"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">1</span></a>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">Plaque with inflammatory appearance&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">1 case<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0045"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">1</span></a>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">Plaque with telangiectasias&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">1 case<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0045"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">1</span></a>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">Violaceous rash&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">1 case<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0045"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">1</span></a>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">Edema&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">1 case<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0045"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">1</span></a>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry  " rowspan="3" align="left" valign="top">Metastases at other sites</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Yes&#58; bone&#44; lung&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">9 cases<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0045"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">1&#44;3&#44;4</span></a>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">No&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">3 cases<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0045"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">1</span></a>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">Unknown&#47;not stated&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">12 cases<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0045"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">1&#44;2</span></a>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry  " rowspan="3" align="left" valign="top">Time of appearance with respect to the diagnosis of prostate cancer</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Prediagnosis&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0 cases<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0045"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">1</span></a>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">Simultaneous&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">2 cases<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0045"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">1</span></a>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">Later<br>9 mo-16 y&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">22 cases<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0045"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">1&#8211;4</span></a>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr></tbody></table>
                  """
              ]
              "imagenFichero" => array:1 [
                0 => "xTab1393483.png"
              ]
            ]
          ]
        ]
        "descripcion" => array:1 [
          "en" => "<p id="spar0040" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Cases of Skin Metastases From Prostate Cancer Reported in the Literature&#46;</p>"
        ]
      ]
    ]
    "bibliografia" => array:2 [
      "titulo" => "References"
      "seccion" => array:1 [
        0 => array:2 [
          "identificador" => "bibs0005"
          "bibliografiaReferencia" => array:8 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0045"
              "etiqueta" => "1"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Cutaneous metastasis of prostate cancer&#58; A case report and review of the literature with bioinformatics analysis of multiple healthcare delivery networks"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:3 [
                            0 => "G&#46;T&#46; Brown"
                            1 => "V&#46; Patel"
                            2 => "C&#46;C&#46; Lee"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "doi" => "10.1111/cup.12296"
                      "Revista" => array:6 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "J Cutan Pathol"
                        "fecha" => "2014"
                        "volumen" => "41"
                        "paginaInicial" => "524"
                        "paginaFinal" => "528"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24456209"
                            "web" => "Medline"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            1 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0050"
              "etiqueta" => "2"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Multiple cutaneous metastases in the chest from prostatic carcinoma"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:4 [
                            0 => "G&#46; Pistone"
                            1 => "A&#46; Pistone"
                            2 => "M&#46; Aric&#242;"
                            3 => "M&#46;R&#46; Bongiorno"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "doi" => "10.1159/000346801"
                      "Revista" => array:7 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Case Rep Dermatol"
                        "fecha" => "2013"
                        "volumen" => "5"
                        "paginaInicial" => "27"
                        "paginaFinal" => "30"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23898267"
                            "web" => "Medline"
                          ]
                        ]
                        "itemHostRev" => array:3 [
                          "pii" => "S0090429508018049"
                          "estado" => "S300"
                          "issn" => "00904295"
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            2 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0055"
              "etiqueta" => "3"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Cutaneous metastasis of prostate carcinoma treated with radiotherapy&#58; A case presentation"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:4 [
                            0 => "G&#46; Mak"
                            1 => "M&#46; Chin"
                            2 => "N&#46; Nahar"
                            3 => "P&#46; De Souza"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "doi" => "10.1186/1756-0500-7-505"
                      "Revista" => array:6 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "BMC Res Notes"
                        "fecha" => "2014"
                        "volumen" => "7"
                        "paginaInicial" => "505"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25103825"
                            "web" => "Medline"
                          ]
                        ]
                        "itemHostRev" => array:3 [
                          "pii" => "S0302283807011657"
                          "estado" => "S300"
                          "issn" => "03022838"
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            3 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0060"
              "etiqueta" => "4"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Eruptive nodules of the head and neck&#58; A case report of metastatic prostate cancer"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:4 [
                            0 => "G&#46; Brown"
                            1 => "D&#46; Kurtzman"
                            2 => "F&#46; Lian"
                            3 => "J&#46; Sligh"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:4 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Dermatol Online J"
                        "fecha" => "2014"
                        "volumen" => "20"
                        "paginaInicial" => "18"
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            4 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0065"
              "etiqueta" => "5"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Rates of cutaneous metastases from different internal malignancies&#58; Experience from a Taiwanese medical center"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:6 [
                            0 => "S&#46;C&#46; Hu"
                            1 => "G&#46;S&#46; Chen"
                            2 => "C&#46;S&#46; Wu"
                            3 => "C&#46;Y&#46; Chai"
                            4 => "W&#46;T&#46; Chen"
                            5 => "C&#46;C&#46; Lan"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "doi" => "10.1016/j.jaad.2008.10.007"
                      "Revista" => array:6 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "J Am Acad Dermatol"
                        "fecha" => "2009"
                        "volumen" => "60"
                        "paginaInicial" => "379"
                        "paginaFinal" => "387"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19056145"
                            "web" => "Medline"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            5 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0070"
              "etiqueta" => "6"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Cutaneous metastases of internal tumors"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:4 [
                            0 => "M&#46;C&#46; Fern&#225;ndez-Ant&#243;n Mart&#237;nez"
                            1 => "V&#46; Parra-Blanco"
                            2 => "J&#46;A&#46; Avil&#233;s Izquierdo"
                            3 => "R&#46;M&#46; Su&#225;rez Fern&#225;ndez"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "doi" => "10.1016/j.ad.2012.06.005"
                      "Revista" => array:6 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Actas Dermosifiliogr"
                        "fecha" => "2013"
                        "volumen" => "104"
                        "paginaInicial" => "841"
                        "paginaFinal" => "853"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22853962"
                            "web" => "Medline"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            6 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0075"
              "etiqueta" => "7"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Heterogeneity of prostate-specific membrane antigen &#40;PSMA&#41; expression in prostate carcinoma with distant metastasis"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:6 [
                            0 => "S&#46; Mannweiler"
                            1 => "P&#46; Amersdorfer"
                            2 => "S&#46; Trajanoski"
                            3 => "J&#46; Terrett"
                            4 => "D&#46; King"
                            5 => "G&#46; Mehes"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "doi" => "10.1007/s12253-008-9104-2"
                      "Revista" => array:6 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Pathol Oncol Res"
                        "fecha" => "2009"
                        "volumen" => "15"
                        "paginaInicial" => "167"
                        "paginaFinal" => "172"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18802790"
                            "web" => "Medline"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            7 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0080"
              "etiqueta" => "8"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Diagnostic utility of p501s &#40;prostein&#41; in comparison to prostate specific antigen &#40;PSA&#41; for the detection of metastatic prostatic adenocarcinoma"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:3 [
                            0 => "M&#46; Yin"
                            1 => "R&#46; Dhir"
                            2 => "A&#46;V&#46; Parwani"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "doi" => "10.1186/1746-1596-2-1"
                      "Revista" => array:6 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Diagn Pathol"
                        "fecha" => "2007"
                        "volumen" => "2"
                        "paginaInicial" => "1"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17212821"
                            "web" => "Medline"
                          ]
                        ]
                        "itemHostRev" => array:3 [
                          "pii" => "S0090429508019948"
                          "estado" => "S300"
                          "issn" => "00904295"
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
          ]
        ]
      ]
    ]
  ]
  "idiomaDefecto" => "en"
  "url" => "/15782190/0000010700000007/v2_201704140340/S1578219016301378/v2_201704140340/en/main.assets"
  "Apartado" => array:4 [
    "identificador" => "34944"
    "tipo" => "SECCION"
    "en" => array:2 [
      "titulo" => "e- Case Report"
      "idiomaDefecto" => true
    ]
    "idiomaDefecto" => "en"
  ]
  "PDF" => "https://static.elsevier.es/multimedia/15782190/0000010700000007/v2_201704140340/S1578219016301378/v2_201704140340/en/main.pdf?idApp=UINPBA000044&text.app=https://actasdermo.org/"
  "EPUB" => "https://multimedia.elsevier.es/PublicationsMultimediaV1/item/epub/S1578219016301378?idApp=UINPBA000044"
]

Información del artículo

ISSN: 15782190
Idioma original: Inglés

DOI:10.1016/j.adengl.2016.06.006

Datos actualizados diariamente

año/Mes	Html	Pdf	Total

2024 Noviembre	9	9	18
2024 Octubre	94	47	141
2024 Septiembre	113	30	143
2024 Agosto	153	46	199
2024 Julio	129	28	157
2024 Junio	123	22	145
2024 Mayo	130	37	167
2024 Abril	117	29	146
2024 Marzo	123	27	150
2024 Febrero	164	39	203
2024 Enero	139	34	173
2023 Diciembre	198	26	224
2023 Noviembre	149	25	174
2023 Octubre	108	17	125
2023 Septiembre	104	33	137
2023 Agosto	75	15	90
2023 Julio	67	35	102
2023 Junio	56	19	75
2023 Mayo	64	28	92
2023 Abril	76	24	100
2023 Marzo	59	24	83
2023 Febrero	54	27	81
2023 Enero	55	30	85
2022 Diciembre	58	39	97
2022 Noviembre	47	29	76
2022 Octubre	30	19	49
2022 Septiembre	34	31	65
2022 Agosto	21	45	66
2022 Julio	27	38	65
2022 Junio	29	28	57
2022 Mayo	49	36	85
2022 Abril	55	44	99
2022 Marzo	67	56	123
2022 Febrero	49	40	89
2022 Enero	74	45	119
2021 Diciembre	51	53	104
2021 Noviembre	53	42	95
2021 Octubre	37	55	92
2021 Septiembre	54	34	88
2021 Agosto	35	27	62
2021 Julio	23	32	55
2021 Junio	26	20	46
2021 Mayo	39	36	75
2021 Abril	91	45	136
2021 Marzo	49	20	69
2021 Febrero	55	25	80
2021 Enero	22	9	31
2020 Diciembre	26	14	40
2020 Noviembre	29	15	44
2020 Octubre	24	8	32
2020 Septiembre	38	13	51
2020 Agosto	25	20	45
2020 Julio	17	15	32
2020 Junio	26	35	61
2020 Mayo	21	14	35
2020 Abril	23	12	35
2020 Marzo	22	18	40
2020 Febrero	3	1	4
2020 Enero	4	0	4
2019 Diciembre	10	0	10
2019 Noviembre	4	0	4
2019 Septiembre	8	0	8
2019 Agosto	4	0	4
2019 Julio	4	0	4
2019 Junio	4	0	4
2019 Mayo	7	0	7
2019 Abril	2	4	6
2019 Marzo	2	0	2
2019 Febrero	5	0	5
2019 Enero	2	0	2
2018 Diciembre	2	0	2
2018 Noviembre	2	0	2
2018 Octubre	3	0	3
2018 Septiembre	3	0	3
2018 Febrero	29	0	29
2018 Enero	32	12	44
2017 Diciembre	37	7	44
2017 Noviembre	31	6	37
2017 Octubre	23	7	30
2017 Septiembre	28	6	34
2017 Agosto	22	9	31
2017 Julio	30	11	41
2017 Junio	38	6	44
2017 Mayo	35	8	43
2017 Abril	37	11	48
2017 Marzo	23	7	30
2017 Febrero	26	7	33
2017 Enero	25	6	31
2016 Diciembre	38	20	58
2016 Noviembre	44	23	67
2016 Octubre	30	22	52
2016 Julio	0	2	2

Mostrar todo

Indexada en:

Síguenos:

Estadísticas

Indexada en:

Síguenos:

Estadísticas

Suscríbase a la newsletter