Case and Research Letters
Diagnostic Value of Color Doppler Ultrasound for Cutaneous Odontogenic Sinus Tract
Utilidad de la ecografía doppler color para el diagnóstico de fístulas dentocutáneas
C. Garrido Colmenero
, G. Blasco Morente, J.M. Latorre Fuentes, R. Ruiz Villaverde
Autor para correspondencia
Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Dermatología Médico Quirúrgica y Venereología, Hospital Virgen de las Nieves, Granada, Spain
Leído
6257
Vecesse ha leído el artículo
2095
Total PDF
4162
Total HTML
Compartir estadísticas
array:24 [ "pii" => "S1578219015002036" "issn" => "15782190" "doi" => "10.1016/j.adengl.2015.07.005" "estado" => "S300" "fechaPublicacion" => "2015-10-01" "aid" => "1146" "copyright" => "Elsevier España, S.L.U. and AEDV" "copyrightAnyo" => "2014" "documento" => "simple-article" "crossmark" => 1 "subdocumento" => "cor" "cita" => "Actas Dermosifiliogr. 2015;106:678-80" "abierto" => array:3 [ "ES" => true "ES2" => true "LATM" => true ] "gratuito" => true "lecturas" => array:2 [ "total" => 880 "formatos" => array:3 [ "EPUB" => 44 "HTML" => 547 "PDF" => 289 ] ] "Traduccion" => array:1 [ "es" => array:19 [ "pii" => "S0001731015001301" "issn" => "00017310" "doi" => "10.1016/j.ad.2014.12.023" "estado" => "S300" "fechaPublicacion" => "2015-10-01" "aid" => "1146" "copyright" => "Elsevier España, S.L.U. y AEDV" "documento" => "simple-article" "crossmark" => 1 "subdocumento" => "crp" "cita" => "Actas Dermosifiliogr. 2015;106:678-80" "abierto" => array:3 [ "ES" => true "ES2" => true "LATM" => true ] "gratuito" => true "lecturas" => array:2 [ "total" => 703 "formatos" => array:3 [ "EPUB" => 2 "HTML" => 351 "PDF" => 350 ] ] "es" => array:11 [ "idiomaDefecto" => true "cabecera" => "<span class="elsevierStyleTextfn">Carta científico-clínica</span>" "titulo" => "Utilidad de la ecografía doppler color para el diagnóstico de fístulas dentocutáneas" "tienePdf" => "es" "tieneTextoCompleto" => "es" "paginas" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "paginaInicial" => "678" "paginaFinal" => "680" ] ] "titulosAlternativos" => array:1 [ "en" => array:1 [ "titulo" => "Diagnostic Value of Color Doppler Ultrasound for Cutaneous Odontogenic Sinus Tract" ] ] "contieneTextoCompleto" => array:1 [ "es" => true ] "contienePdf" => array:1 [ "es" => true ] "resumenGrafico" => array:2 [ "original" => 0 "multimedia" => array:7 [ "identificador" => "fig0020" "etiqueta" => "Figura 4" "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIAFIGURA" "mostrarFloat" => true "mostrarDisplay" => false "figura" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "imagen" => "gr4.jpeg" "Alto" => 732 "Ancho" => 976 "Tamanyo" => 74222 ] ] "descripcion" => array:1 [ "es" => "<p id="spar0020" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">La ortopantomografía mostró una imagen radiolúcida apical que engloba la raíz posterior del primer molar izquierdo.</p>" ] ] ] "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "autoresLista" => "C. Garrido Colmenero, G. Blasco Morente, J.M. Latorre Fuentes, R. Ruiz Villaverde" "autores" => array:4 [ 0 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "C." "apellidos" => "Garrido Colmenero" ] 1 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "G." "apellidos" => "Blasco Morente" ] 2 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "J.M." "apellidos" => "Latorre Fuentes" ] 3 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "R." "apellidos" => "Ruiz Villaverde" ] ] ] ] ] "idiomaDefecto" => "es" "Traduccion" => array:1 [ "en" => array:9 [ "pii" => "S1578219015002036" "doi" => "10.1016/j.adengl.2015.07.005" "estado" => "S300" "subdocumento" => "" "abierto" => array:3 [ "ES" => true "ES2" => true "LATM" => true ] "gratuito" => true "lecturas" => array:1 [ "total" => 0 ] "idiomaDefecto" => "en" "EPUB" => "https://multimedia.elsevier.es/PublicationsMultimediaV1/item/epub/S1578219015002036?idApp=UINPBA000044" ] ] "EPUB" => "https://multimedia.elsevier.es/PublicationsMultimediaV1/item/epub/S0001731015001301?idApp=UINPBA000044" "url" => "/00017310/0000010600000008/v1_201510020746/S0001731015001301/v1_201510020746/es/main.assets" ] ] "itemSiguiente" => array:19 [ "pii" => "S1578219015002103" "issn" => "15782190" "doi" => "10.1016/j.adengl.2015.07.012" "estado" => "S300" "fechaPublicacion" => "2015-10-01" "aid" => "1168" "copyright" => "Elsevier España, S.L.U. and AEDV" "documento" => "simple-article" "crossmark" => 1 "subdocumento" => "cor" "cita" => "Actas Dermosifiliogr. 2015;106:680-1" "abierto" => array:3 [ "ES" => true "ES2" => true "LATM" => true ] "gratuito" => true "lecturas" => array:2 [ "total" => 746 "formatos" => array:3 [ "EPUB" => 44 "HTML" => 481 "PDF" => 221 ] ] "en" => array:11 [ "idiomaDefecto" => true "cabecera" => "<span class="elsevierStyleTextfn">Case and Research Letters</span>" "titulo" => "Tuberous Lesion of the Penis" "tienePdf" => "en" "tieneTextoCompleto" => "en" "paginas" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "paginaInicial" => "680" "paginaFinal" => "681" ] ] "titulosAlternativos" => array:1 [ "es" => array:1 [ "titulo" => "Lesión tuberosa en el pene" ] ] "contieneTextoCompleto" => array:1 [ "en" => true ] "contienePdf" => array:1 [ "en" => true ] "resumenGrafico" => array:2 [ "original" => 0 "multimedia" => array:7 [ "identificador" => "fig0015" "etiqueta" => "Figure 3" "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIAFIGURA" "mostrarFloat" => true "mostrarDisplay" => false "figura" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "imagen" => "gr3.jpeg" "Alto" => 732 "Ancho" => 976 "Tamanyo" => 268580 ] ] "descripcion" => array:1 [ "en" => "<p id="spar0015" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Intranuclear human herpes virus 8 (HVV-8) expression (immunohistochemical HHV-8 stain, original magnification ×40).</p>" ] ] ] "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "autoresLista" => "L. Miguel-Gómez, S. Pérez-Gala, P. Jaén-Olasolo" "autores" => array:3 [ 0 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "L." "apellidos" => "Miguel-Gómez" ] 1 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "S." "apellidos" => "Pérez-Gala" ] 2 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "P." "apellidos" => "Jaén-Olasolo" ] ] ] ] ] "idiomaDefecto" => "en" "Traduccion" => array:1 [ "es" => array:9 [ "pii" => "S0001731015001982" "doi" => "10.1016/j.ad.2015.02.010" "estado" => "S300" "subdocumento" => "" "abierto" => array:3 [ "ES" => true "ES2" => true "LATM" => true ] "gratuito" => true "lecturas" => array:1 [ "total" => 0 ] "idiomaDefecto" => "es" "EPUB" => "https://multimedia.elsevier.es/PublicationsMultimediaV1/item/epub/S0001731015001982?idApp=UINPBA000044" ] ] "EPUB" => "https://multimedia.elsevier.es/PublicationsMultimediaV1/item/epub/S1578219015002103?idApp=UINPBA000044" "url" => "/15782190/0000010600000008/v1_201510011018/S1578219015002103/v1_201510011018/en/main.assets" ] "itemAnterior" => array:19 [ "pii" => "S1578219015002024" "issn" => "15782190" "doi" => "10.1016/j.adengl.2015.07.004" "estado" => "S300" "fechaPublicacion" => "2015-10-01" "aid" => "1145" "copyright" => "Elsevier España, S.L.U. and AEDV" "documento" => "simple-article" "crossmark" => 1 "subdocumento" => "cor" "cita" => "Actas Dermosifiliogr. 2015;106:676-8" "abierto" => array:3 [ "ES" => true "ES2" => true "LATM" => true ] "gratuito" => true "lecturas" => array:2 [ "total" => 908 "formatos" => array:3 [ "EPUB" => 48 "HTML" => 479 "PDF" => 381 ] ] "en" => array:11 [ "idiomaDefecto" => true "cabecera" => "<span class="elsevierStyleTextfn">Case and Research Letters</span>" "titulo" => "Alopecia and Hirsutism in a Postmenopausal Woman as the Presenting Complaint of Ovarian Hilus (Leydig) Cell Tumor" "tienePdf" => "en" "tieneTextoCompleto" => "en" "paginas" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "paginaInicial" => "676" "paginaFinal" => "678" ] ] "titulosAlternativos" => array:1 [ "es" => array:1 [ "titulo" => "Alopecia e hirsutismo en una mujer posmenopáusica como forma de presentación de un tumor de células de Leydig hiliar del ovario" ] ] "contieneTextoCompleto" => array:1 [ "en" => true ] "contienePdf" => array:1 [ "en" => true ] "resumenGrafico" => array:2 [ "original" => 0 "multimedia" => array:7 [ "identificador" => "fig0005" "etiqueta" => "Figure 1" "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIAFIGURA" "mostrarFloat" => true "mostrarDisplay" => false "figura" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "imagen" => "gr1.jpeg" "Alto" => 812 "Ancho" => 2168 "Tamanyo" => 330204 ] ] "descripcion" => array:1 [ "en" => "<p id="spar0005" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">A, Triangular-shaped frontoparietal hairline recession. B, Hair thinning on the crown.</p>" ] ] ] "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "autoresLista" => "L. Berbegal, M.P. Albares, F.J. De-Leon, G. Negueruela" "autores" => array:4 [ 0 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "L." "apellidos" => "Berbegal" ] 1 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "M.P." "apellidos" => "Albares" ] 2 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "F.J." "apellidos" => "De-Leon" ] 3 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "G." "apellidos" => "Negueruela" ] ] ] ] ] "idiomaDefecto" => "en" "Traduccion" => array:1 [ "es" => array:9 [ "pii" => "S0001731015001295" "doi" => "10.1016/j.ad.2014.12.022" "estado" => "S300" "subdocumento" => "" "abierto" => array:3 [ "ES" => true "ES2" => true "LATM" => true ] "gratuito" => true "lecturas" => array:1 [ "total" => 0 ] "idiomaDefecto" => "es" "EPUB" => "https://multimedia.elsevier.es/PublicationsMultimediaV1/item/epub/S0001731015001295?idApp=UINPBA000044" ] ] "EPUB" => "https://multimedia.elsevier.es/PublicationsMultimediaV1/item/epub/S1578219015002024?idApp=UINPBA000044" "url" => "/15782190/0000010600000008/v1_201510011018/S1578219015002024/v1_201510011018/en/main.assets" ] "en" => array:14 [ "idiomaDefecto" => true "cabecera" => "<span class="elsevierStyleTextfn">Case and Research Letters</span>" "titulo" => "Diagnostic Value of Color Doppler Ultrasound for Cutaneous Odontogenic Sinus Tract" "tieneTextoCompleto" => true "paginas" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "paginaInicial" => "678" "paginaFinal" => "680" ] ] "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "autoresLista" => "C. Garrido Colmenero, G. Blasco Morente, J.M. Latorre Fuentes, R. Ruiz Villaverde" "autores" => array:4 [ 0 => array:4 [ "nombre" => "C." "apellidos" => "Garrido Colmenero" "email" => array:1 [ 0 => "cristinagarrido86@gmail.com" ] "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">*</span>" "identificador" => "cor0005" ] ] ] 1 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "G." "apellidos" => "Blasco Morente" ] 2 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "J.M." "apellidos" => "Latorre Fuentes" ] 3 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "R." "apellidos" => "Ruiz Villaverde" ] ] "afiliaciones" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "entidad" => "Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Dermatología Médico Quirúrgica y Venereología, Hospital Virgen de las Nieves, Granada, Spain" "identificador" => "aff0005" ] ] "correspondencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "cor0005" "etiqueta" => "⁎" "correspondencia" => "Corresponding author." ] ] ] ] "titulosAlternativos" => array:1 [ "es" => array:1 [ "titulo" => "Utilidad de la ecografía doppler color para el diagnóstico de fístulas dentocutáneas" ] ] "resumenGrafico" => array:2 [ "original" => 0 "multimedia" => array:7 [ "identificador" => "fig0005" "etiqueta" => "Figure 1" "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIAFIGURA" "mostrarFloat" => true "mostrarDisplay" => false "figura" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "imagen" => "gr1.jpeg" "Alto" => 1667 "Ancho" => 1251 "Tamanyo" => 381212 ] ] "descripcion" => array:1 [ "en" => "<p id="spar0005" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Cutaneous horn sunken into the skin over the left horizontal ramus of the mandible.</p>" ] ] ] "textoCompleto" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSections"><p id="par0005" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The patient was a 32-year-old man with no past history of interest. He was seen in dermatology outpatients for a tumor in the form of a cutaneous horn sunken into the skin over the left horizontal ramus of the mandible (<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0005">Fig. 1</a>). Examination revealed no alterations of the oral cavity. The patient stated that the region was tender. He had applied topical treatment with 2% mupirocin ointment without improvement. B mode skin ultrasound (Esaote, Genoa, Italy) using an 18<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>MHz probe revealed a slightly tortuous, relatively well-defined, hypoechoic linear structure that extended to the surface of the cortical bone of the mandible (<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0010">Fig. 2</a>). Doppler study showed blood vessels in the area around the tract, suggestive of inflammation, and a poorly defined hypoechoic outline in B mode (<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0015">Fig. 3</a>). With a diagnosis of cutaneous odontogenic sinus, the patient was referred to the maxillofacial surgery department, where the study was completed with orthopantomography. This x-ray study revealed a radiolucent image that surrounded the apex of the posterior root of the left first molar (<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0020">Fig. 4</a>). Conservative treatment was performed with endodontia and restoration with an amalgam filling, leading to resolution of the cutaneous sinus in 20 days.</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="fig0005"></elsevierMultimedia><elsevierMultimedia ident="fig0010"></elsevierMultimedia><elsevierMultimedia ident="fig0015"></elsevierMultimedia><elsevierMultimedia ident="fig0020"></elsevierMultimedia><p id="par0010" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Cutaneous odontogenic sinuses are usually the result of pulp necrosis and chronic apical periodontitis. Patients do not typically relate these facial lesions with dental disease as associated pain is uncommon.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0055"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">1</span></a> The lesions are often diagnosed as skin lesions, leading to the erroneous prescription of unnecessary treatments that do not resolve the problem but do delay endodontic treatment that will eliminate the dental infection and lead to closure and healing of the extraoral sinus. The diagnosis is usually made by inspection, palpation, and orthopantomography. Depending on the site of the abscess, the sinus may be intraoral or the tract may run to the skin, following the path of least resistence<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0060"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span></a> dictated in part by muscle attachments.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0065"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">3</span></a> These sinuses are more commonly associated with mandibular teeth (80%) than with maxillary teeth (20%).<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0070"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">4</span></a> They can also open into the nasal region, nasolabial folds, or at the medial canthus of the eye.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0075"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">5,6</span></a> The cutaneous opening of the sinus has an erythematous appearance and is ulcerated in the acute phase. The perilesional skin is usually slightly depressed.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0075"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">5–7</span></a> It is sometimes possible to palpate a fibrous cord that unites the site on the skin where the sinus opens with the incisor or molar that has caused the condition. Purulent material may be expressed through the cutaneous orifice when pressure is applied to the fibrous cord.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0075"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">5,6</span></a></p><p id="par0015" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The differential diagnosis includes odontogenic cysts, foreign body reaction, salivary gland fistulas, pyogenic granuloma, tumors, and infectious diseases. Bisphosphonate-related osteonecrosis of the jaw should also be considered, particularly if there are multiple sinuses.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0090"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">8</span></a></p><p id="par0020" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">No effective treatment has been established, although conservative management would appear to be the best approach. Aggressive debridement should be avoided due to the risk of subsequent recurrence and sequelae.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0095"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">9,10</span></a></p><p id="par0025" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Recently, Shobatake et al.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0075"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">5</span></a> published 3 cases of cutaneous odontogenic sinuses diagnosed by ultrasound. Dermatologic ultrasound shows a well-recognized pattern with a relatively well-defined, linear but slightly tortuous, hypoechoic sinus tract that is seen to reach the surface of the cortical bone; Doppler reveals a variable degree of vascularization. Ultrasound is a tool that complements other radiologic techniques and requires little time to perform. It is an excellent option to facilitate the diagnosis of this type of lesion, even for dermatologists with little experience in the management of oral pathology. In addition, it can be used to monitor therapy and to evaluate the associated inflammation to help determine a possible indication for antibiotic prophylaxis prior to intervention.</p></span>" "pdfFichero" => "main.pdf" "tienePdf" => true "NotaPie" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "☆" "nota" => "<p class="elsevierStyleNotepara" id="npar0005">Please cite this article as: Garrido Colmenero C, Blasco Morente G, Latorre Fuentes JM, Ruiz Villaverde R. Utilidad de la ecografía doppler color para el diagnóstico de fístulas dentocutáneas. Actas Dermosifiliogr. 2015;106:678–680.</p>" ] ] "multimedia" => array:4 [ 0 => array:7 [ "identificador" => "fig0005" "etiqueta" => "Figure 1" "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIAFIGURA" "mostrarFloat" => true "mostrarDisplay" => false "figura" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "imagen" => "gr1.jpeg" "Alto" => 1667 "Ancho" => 1251 "Tamanyo" => 381212 ] ] "descripcion" => array:1 [ "en" => "<p id="spar0005" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Cutaneous horn sunken into the skin over the left horizontal ramus of the mandible.</p>" ] ] 1 => array:7 [ "identificador" => "fig0010" "etiqueta" => "Figure 2" "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIAFIGURA" "mostrarFloat" => true "mostrarDisplay" => false "figura" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "imagen" => "gr2.jpeg" "Alto" => 1216 "Ancho" => 1626 "Tamanyo" => 120332 ] ] "descripcion" => array:1 [ "en" => "<p id="spar0010" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Skin ultrasound (gray scale, longitudinal section): relatively well-defined linear but slightly tortuous hypoechoic structure that reached the surface of the cortical bone of the mandible.</p>" ] ] 2 => array:7 [ "identificador" => "fig0015" "etiqueta" => "Figure 3" "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIAFIGURA" "mostrarFloat" => true "mostrarDisplay" => false "figura" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "imagen" => "gr3.jpeg" "Alto" => 1220 "Ancho" => 1628 "Tamanyo" => 144353 ] ] "descripcion" => array:1 [ "en" => "<p id="spar0015" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Doppler study showing vascularization of the area around the tract, suggesting inflammation.</p>" ] ] 3 => array:7 [ "identificador" => "fig0020" "etiqueta" => "Figure 4" "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIAFIGURA" "mostrarFloat" => true "mostrarDisplay" => false "figura" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "imagen" => "gr4.jpeg" "Alto" => 1205 "Ancho" => 1628 "Tamanyo" => 145359 ] ] "descripcion" => array:1 [ "en" => "<p id="spar0020" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Orthopantomography showing a radiolucent image that surrounded the apex of the posterior root of the left first molar.</p>" ] ] ] "bibliografia" => array:2 [ "titulo" => "References" "seccion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "bibs0005" "bibliografiaReferencia" => array:10 [ 0 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0055" "etiqueta" => "1" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Cutaneous sinus tracts of dental origin" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:5 [ 0 => "R.A. Barrowman" 1 => "M. Rahimi" 2 => "M.D. Evans" 3 => "A. Chandu" 4 => "P. Parashos" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Med J Aust" "fecha" => "2007" "volumen" => "186" "paginaInicial" => "264" "paginaFinal" => "265" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17391091" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 1 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0060" "etiqueta" => "2" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Odontogenic sinus tracts: A cohort study" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:4 [ 0 => "I. Slutzky-Goldberg" 1 => "I. Tsesis" 2 => "H. Slutzky" 3 => "I. Heling" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Quintessence Int" "fecha" => "2009" "volumen" => "40" "paginaInicial" => "13" "paginaFinal" => "18" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19159019" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 2 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0065" "etiqueta" => "3" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Cutaneous sinus tract of dental etiology" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:4 [ 0 => "G.M. McWalter" 1 => "J.B. Alexander" 2 => "C.E. del Río" 3 => "J.W. Knott" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol" "fecha" => "1988" "volumen" => "66" "paginaInicial" => "608" "paginaFinal" => "614" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3200563" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 3 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0070" "etiqueta" => "4" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Cutaneous dental sinus tract, a common misdiagnosis: A case report and review of the literature" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:3 [ 0 => "J.L. Cantatore" 1 => "P.A. Klein" 2 => "L.M. Lieblich" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Cutis" "fecha" => "2002" "volumen" => "70" "paginaInicial" => "264" "paginaFinal" => "265" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12469779" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 4 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0075" "etiqueta" => "5" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Usefulness of ultrasonography for rapidly diagnosing cutaneous sinus tracts of dental origin" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:6 [ 0 => "C. Shobatake" 1 => "F. Miyagawa" 2 => "T. Fukumoto" 3 => "T. Hirai" 4 => "N. Kobayashi" 5 => "H. Asada" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1684/ejd.2014.2441" "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Eur J Dermatol" "fecha" => "2014" "volumen" => "24" "paginaInicial" => "683" "paginaFinal" => "687" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25333412" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 5 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0080" "etiqueta" => "6" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Cutaneous odontogenic sinus simulating a basal cell carcinoma: Case report and literature review" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:2 [ 0 => "P.R. Cohen" 1 => "Y.D. Eliezri" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Plast Reconstr Surg" "fecha" => "1990" "volumen" => "86" "paginaInicial" => "123" "paginaFinal" => "127" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2193312" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 6 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0085" "etiqueta" => "7" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Cutaneous odontogenic sinus tract to the chin: A case report" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:5 [ 0 => "E1 Tidwell" 1 => "J.D. Jenkins" 2 => "C.D. Ellis" 3 => "B. Hutson" 4 => "R.A. Cederberg" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Int Endod J" "fecha" => "1997" "volumen" => "30" "paginaInicial" => "352" "paginaFinal" => "355" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9477827" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 7 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0090" "etiqueta" => "8" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Submandibular cutaneous fistula" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:2 [ 0 => "C. Prada García" 1 => "M.Á. Rodríguez Prieto" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1016/j.adengl.2013.02.004" "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Actas Dermosifiliogr" "fecha" => "2013" "volumen" => "104" "paginaInicial" => "629" "paginaFinal" => "630" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23876677" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 8 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0095" "etiqueta" => "9" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Fístulas mandibulares en una mujer de 75 años" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:4 [ 0 => "R. Alonso Estellés" 1 => "C. Campo López" 2 => "J. Aguilar Jiménez" 3 => "F. Desco Agulló" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Rev Clin Esp" "fecha" => "2008" "volumen" => "208" "paginaInicial" => "165" "paginaFinal" => "167" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18275774" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 9 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0100" "etiqueta" => "10" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Osteonecrosis mandibular relacionada con la toma de bifosfonatos por vía oral: a propósito de un caso" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:2 [ 0 => "J.M. Echeveste Inzagaray" 1 => "M. Martínez Morentin" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:5 [ "tituloSerie" => "Semergen" "fecha" => "2011" "volumen" => "37" "paginaInicial" => "430" "paginaFinal" => "432" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] "idiomaDefecto" => "en" "url" => "/15782190/0000010600000008/v1_201510011018/S1578219015002036/v1_201510011018/en/main.assets" "Apartado" => array:4 [ "identificador" => "6157" "tipo" => "SECCION" "en" => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Case and Research Letters" "idiomaDefecto" => true ] "idiomaDefecto" => "en" ] "PDF" => "https://static.elsevier.es/multimedia/15782190/0000010600000008/v1_201510011018/S1578219015002036/v1_201510011018/en/main.pdf?idApp=UINPBA000044&text.app=https://actasdermo.org/" "EPUB" => "https://multimedia.elsevier.es/PublicationsMultimediaV1/item/epub/S1578219015002036?idApp=UINPBA000044" ]
| año/Mes | Html | Total | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2024 Noviembre | 9 | 5 | 14 |
| 2024 Octubre | 79 | 41 | 120 |
| 2024 Septiembre | 72 | 30 | 102 |
| 2024 Agosto | 96 | 62 | 158 |
| 2024 Julio | 78 | 41 | 119 |
| 2024 Junio | 84 | 25 | 109 |
| 2024 Mayo | 82 | 38 | 120 |
| 2024 Abril | 65 | 21 | 86 |
| 2024 Marzo | 78 | 20 | 98 |
| 2024 Febrero | 83 | 31 | 114 |
| 2024 Enero | 60 | 34 | 94 |
| 2023 Diciembre | 63 | 10 | 73 |
| 2023 Noviembre | 81 | 38 | 119 |
| 2023 Octubre | 71 | 18 | 89 |
| 2023 Septiembre | 66 | 28 | 94 |
| 2023 Agosto | 45 | 24 | 69 |
| 2023 Julio | 57 | 33 | 90 |
| 2023 Junio | 62 | 18 | 80 |
| 2023 Mayo | 66 | 25 | 91 |
| 2023 Abril | 75 | 36 | 111 |
| 2023 Marzo | 74 | 28 | 102 |
| 2023 Febrero | 52 | 21 | 73 |
| 2023 Enero | 68 | 32 | 100 |
| 2022 Diciembre | 68 | 49 | 117 |
| 2022 Noviembre | 39 | 21 | 60 |
| 2022 Octubre | 89 | 28 | 117 |
| 2022 Septiembre | 47 | 34 | 81 |
| 2022 Agosto | 66 | 34 | 100 |
| 2022 Julio | 55 | 33 | 88 |
| 2022 Junio | 43 | 30 | 73 |
| 2022 Mayo | 72 | 31 | 103 |
| 2022 Abril | 79 | 42 | 121 |
| 2022 Marzo | 59 | 49 | 108 |
| 2022 Febrero | 54 | 24 | 78 |
| 2022 Enero | 96 | 38 | 134 |
| 2021 Diciembre | 61 | 37 | 98 |
| 2021 Noviembre | 68 | 49 | 117 |
| 2021 Octubre | 58 | 59 | 117 |
| 2021 Septiembre | 68 | 42 | 110 |
| 2021 Agosto | 55 | 29 | 84 |
| 2021 Julio | 60 | 82 | 142 |
| 2021 Junio | 52 | 32 | 84 |
| 2021 Mayo | 68 | 26 | 94 |
| 2021 Abril | 135 | 59 | 194 |
| 2021 Marzo | 89 | 30 | 119 |
| 2021 Febrero | 104 | 31 | 135 |
| 2021 Enero | 79 | 30 | 109 |
| 2020 Diciembre | 57 | 28 | 85 |
| 2020 Noviembre | 43 | 19 | 62 |
| 2020 Octubre | 26 | 3 | 29 |
| 2020 Septiembre | 62 | 21 | 83 |
| 2020 Agosto | 25 | 19 | 44 |
| 2020 Julio | 36 | 13 | 49 |
| 2020 Junio | 38 | 33 | 71 |
| 2020 Mayo | 26 | 18 | 44 |
| 2020 Abril | 34 | 38 | 72 |
| 2020 Marzo | 35 | 28 | 63 |
| 2020 Febrero | 4 | 11 | 15 |
| 2020 Enero | 22 | 6 | 28 |
| 2019 Diciembre | 20 | 2 | 22 |
| 2019 Noviembre | 4 | 3 | 7 |
| 2019 Octubre | 0 | 2 | 2 |
| 2019 Septiembre | 4 | 4 | 8 |
| 2019 Agosto | 4 | 11 | 15 |
| 2019 Julio | 4 | 8 | 12 |
| 2019 Junio | 4 | 8 | 12 |
| 2019 Mayo | 6 | 5 | 11 |
| 2019 Abril | 2 | 7 | 9 |
| 2019 Marzo | 4 | 4 | 8 |
| 2019 Febrero | 2 | 3 | 5 |
| 2019 Enero | 2 | 5 | 7 |
| 2018 Diciembre | 2 | 5 | 7 |
| 2018 Noviembre | 2 | 0 | 2 |
| 2018 Octubre | 7 | 0 | 7 |
| 2018 Septiembre | 5 | 0 | 5 |
| 2018 Junio | 0 | 1 | 1 |
| 2018 Mayo | 0 | 1 | 1 |
| 2018 Abril | 0 | 1 | 1 |
| 2018 Marzo | 2 | 1 | 3 |
| 2018 Febrero | 36 | 4 | 40 |
| 2018 Enero | 41 | 5 | 46 |
| 2017 Diciembre | 28 | 6 | 34 |
| 2017 Noviembre | 25 | 3 | 28 |
| 2017 Octubre | 31 | 6 | 37 |
| 2017 Septiembre | 19 | 3 | 22 |
| 2017 Agosto | 28 | 4 | 32 |
| 2017 Julio | 23 | 10 | 33 |
| 2017 Junio | 36 | 12 | 48 |
| 2017 Mayo | 26 | 7 | 33 |
| 2017 Abril | 24 | 15 | 39 |
| 2017 Marzo | 12 | 17 | 29 |
| 2017 Febrero | 18 | 8 | 26 |
| 2017 Enero | 17 | 10 | 27 |
| 2016 Diciembre | 29 | 15 | 44 |
| 2016 Noviembre | 27 | 18 | 45 |
| 2016 Octubre | 25 | 23 | 48 |
| 2016 Septiembre | 0 | 2 | 2 |
| 2016 Agosto | 0 | 4 | 4 |
| 2016 Julio | 1 | 1 | 2 |
| 2016 Junio | 3 | 13 | 16 |
| 2016 Mayo | 0 | 2 | 2 |
| 2016 Abril | 1 | 2 | 3 |
| 2016 Marzo | 0 | 12 | 12 |
| 2016 Febrero | 0 | 2 | 2 |
| 2016 Enero | 0 | 4 | 4 |
| 2015 Noviembre | 0 | 1 | 1 |
Mostrar todo
