Case and Research Letter
Assessment of the Allergeaze® Patch Test Compared to Other Conventional Allergens
Valoración del test allergeaze® versus otros alergenos convencionales
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Serra-Baldrich, L.C. Sáez-Martín, R.M. Suárez-Fernández" "autores" => array:4 [ 0 => array:3 [ "nombre" => "E." "apellidos" => "Serra-Baldrich" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">a</span>" "identificador" => "aff0005" ] ] ] 1 => array:4 [ "nombre" => "L.C." "apellidos" => "Sáez-Martín" "email" => array:1 [ 0 => "lcsaezmartin@gmail.com" ] "referencia" => array:2 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">b</span>" "identificador" => "aff0010" ] 1 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">*</span>" "identificador" => "cor0005" ] ] ] 2 => array:3 [ "nombre" => "R.M." "apellidos" => "Suárez-Fernández" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">b</span>" "identificador" => "aff0010" ] ] ] 3 => array:2 [ "colaborador" => "Members of the Spanish Research Group on Dermatitis, Cutaneous Allergy [Grupo Español de Investigación en Dermatitis y Alergia Cutánea] (GEIDAC)" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">◊</span>" "identificador" => "fn1" ] ] ] ] "afiliaciones" => array:2 [ 0 => array:3 [ "entidad" => "Cutaneous Allergy Unit, Department of Dermatology, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Autonomous University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain" "etiqueta" => "a" "identificador" => "aff0005" ] 1 => array:3 [ "entidad" => "Department of Dermatology, University General Hospital Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain" "etiqueta" => "b" "identificador" => "aff0010" ] ] "correspondencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "cor0005" "etiqueta" => "⁎" "correspondencia" => "Corresponding author." ] ] ] ] "titulosAlternativos" => array:1 [ "es" => array:1 [ "titulo" => "Valoración del test allergeaze<span class="elsevierStyleSup">®</span> versus otros alergenos convencionales" ] ] "textoCompleto" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSections"><p id="par0005" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The reproducibility of patch test results is of critical importance due to their use as a diagnostic tool in allergic contact dermatitis.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0005"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">1,2</span></a> This study attempted to validate the reliability of the results obtained with allergEAZE<span class="elsevierStyleSup">®</span> (AE), a new standardized brand of syringe-administered allergens for patch tests. This approach is used as a method of diagnosing contact dermatitis; the diagnosis being contingent on the achievement of reproducible results as compared to other commonly used conventional systems.</p><p id="par0010" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The study included patients who were suspected to have contact dermatitis. They underwent duplicate testing with 5 different allergens from the Spanish standard patch test series. Nickel sulphate hexahydrate, potassium dichromate and 4-phenylenediamine base were the same for all the researchers, and the tests revealed a high frequency of positive reactions. The other two allergens were random and were less frequently positive. We tested the allergens of the new brand on one side of the back. The same allergens were used, but from different brands, employing those usually chosen by each researcher (True Test<span class="elsevierStyleSup">®</span> (TT), Trolab<span class="elsevierStyleSup">®</span> (TRO), Martí Tor<span class="elsevierStyleSup">®</span> (MT) or Chemotechnique<span class="elsevierStyleSup">®</span> (CH)), and were tested symmetrically on the opposite side of the back. In patients tested with petroleum jelly allergens, the concentrations recommended by the Spanish Research Group on Dermatitis and Cutaneous Allergy (GEIDAC) were used, and were applied indistinctively from the patch test with Finn Chambers<span class="elsevierStyleSup">®</span> on Scanpor<span class="elsevierStyleSup">®</span> (<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">SmartPractice</span>) and Curatest<span class="elsevierStyleSup">®</span> (<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">lohmann-rauscher</span>)<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">.</span> Standard patch test recommendations were followed during the course of the study. Any degree of positivity on D4 was considered a positive result. Any reactions that showed signs of irritation or were doubtful were included in the group of negative results. Positive concordance was defined as a positive reaction to the same allergen by two different methods. The formula used to calculate the percentage of positive concordance was: 100<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>í<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>[number of positives to both tests: AE+other+]/[sum of all the positives: (AE+other+) plus (only AE+) plus (only other+)].</p><p id="par0015" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The analysis of the results is summarized in <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0005">Table 1</a>.</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="tbl0005"></elsevierMultimedia><p id="par0020" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">In total, 289 patients from 18 different centers were recruited and tested by researchers from the GEIDAC. A total of 2890 patch tests were performed, and 328 positive results were obtained (11.35%). After an analysis of the results, the general positive concordance rates between the other brands (TT, TRO, MT and CH) and AE were 77.1%, 100%, 90% and 100%, respectively. These results have been obtained without taking the degree of positivity into account.</p><p id="par0025" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Patch test diagnosis is a biological assay with a high degree of inherent variability. Factors that affect the results include the concentration, dosage and the use of an adequate vehicle, as well as variations in absorption and reactivity. There may also be differences between testing two identical allergens on different parts of the back. For example, the positive concordance rate between TT and CH varies between 63% and 78% in various studies.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0005"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">1</span></a> In a study comparing 20 allergens using AE and CH on 21 patients, the authors found the largest differences in reactions to quaternium-15, nickel and cobalt. They concluded that, although both series are valid for the diagnosis of contact dermatitis, additional studies with a larger population would be required to determine the relative effectiveness of both methods.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0010"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span></a></p><p id="par0030" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Our study proves that the use of AE allergens for patch tests provides the same results as other conventional brands in more than 75% of allergen cases, with a high positive concordance rate among the tested methods for nickel sulphate hexahydrate, potassium dichromate, 4-phenylenediamine base, balsam of Peru, 2-mercaptobenzothiazole, mercury and cobalt (II) chloride hexahydrate, although there may be differences in the of positivity.</p><span id="sec0005" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0005">Conflicts of interest</span><p id="par0035" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">No one involved with this study has accepted travel funds or research contributions of any kind. L.C. Sáez-Martín is an employee of Marti Tor Impomedic, S.L.</p></span></span>" "textoCompletoSecciones" => array:1 [ "secciones" => array:3 [ 0 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0005" "titulo" => "Conflicts of interest" ] 1 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "xack158228" "titulo" => "Acknowledgements" ] 2 => array:1 [ "titulo" => "References" ] ] ] "pdfFichero" => "main.pdf" "tienePdf" => true "NotaPie" => array:1 [ 0 => array:3 [ "etiqueta" => "◊" "nota" => "<p class="elsevierStyleNotepara" id="npar0010">Members of GEIDAC.</p>" "identificador" => "fn1" ] ] "multimedia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:7 [ "identificador" => "tbl0005" "etiqueta" => "Table 1" "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIATABLA" "mostrarFloat" => true "mostrarDisplay" => false "tabla" => array:3 [ "leyenda" => "<p id="spar0010" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">True Test<span class="elsevierStyleSup"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">®</span></span> (TT), allergEAZE<span class="elsevierStyleSup"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">®</span></span> (AE), Trolab<span class="elsevierStyleSup"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">®</span></span> (TRO), Martí Tor<span class="elsevierStyleSup"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">®</span></span> (MT) and Chemotechnique<span class="elsevierStyleSup"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">®</span></span> (CH).</p><p id="spar0015" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">%Con+: positive concordance rates.</p>" "tablatextoimagen" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "tabla" => array:1 [ 0 => """ <table border="0" frame="\n \t\t\t\t\tvoid\n \t\t\t\t" class=""><thead title="thead"><tr title="table-row"><th class="td" title="table-head " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Allergen (common or total) \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">TT+ \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">AE+ \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">TT+/AE+ \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">%Con+ \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">TRO+ \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">AE+ \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">TRO+/AE+ \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">%Con+ \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">MT+ \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">AE+ \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">MT+/AE+ \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">%Con+ \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">CH+ \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">AE+ \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">CH+/AE+ \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">%Con+ \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</th></tr></thead><tbody title="tbody"><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">Nickel sulphate hexahydrate \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">87 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">72 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">69 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">76.7% \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">7 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">7 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">7 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">100% \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">7 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">7 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">7 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">100% \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">• \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">• \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">• \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">• \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">Potassium dichromate \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">27 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">23 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">22 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">78.6% \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">3 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">3 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">3 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">100% \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">3 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">2 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">2 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">66.7% \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">• \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">• \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">• \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">• \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">4-Phenylenediamine base \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">21 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">16 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">16 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">76.2% \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">5 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">5 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">5 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">100% \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">• \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">• \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">• \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">• \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">• \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">• \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">• \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">• \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">Balsam of Peru \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">2 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">2 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">2 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">100% \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">• \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">• \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">• \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">• \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">• \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">• \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">• \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">• \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">• \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">• \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">• \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">• \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">2-Mercaptobenzothiazole \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">4 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">5 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">4 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">80.0% \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">• \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">• \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">• \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">• \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">• \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">• \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">• \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">• \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">• \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">• \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">• \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">• \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">Mercury \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">2 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">2 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">2 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">100% \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">• \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">• \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">• \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">• \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">• \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">• \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">• \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">• \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">4 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">4 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">4 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">100% \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">Cobalt (II) chloride hexahydrate \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">5 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">3 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">3 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">60.0% \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">• \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">• \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">• \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">• \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">• \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">• \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">• \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">• \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">• \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">• \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">• \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">• \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">Total \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">148 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">123 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">118 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">77.1% \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">15 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">15 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">15 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">100% \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">10 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">9 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">9 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">90.0% \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">4 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">4 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">4 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="char" valign="top">100% \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr></tbody></table> """ ] "imagenFichero" => array:1 [ 0 => "xTab785773.png" ] ] ] "notaPie" => array:1 [ 0 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "tblfn0005" "etiqueta" => "a" "nota" => "<p class="elsevierStyleNotepara" id="npar0005">Positive results were defined as any degree of positivity on D4.</p>" ] ] ] "descripcion" => array:1 [ "en" => "<p id="spar0005" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Positive results<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tblfn0005"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">a</span></a> obtained and positive concordance rates among different methods.</p>" ] ] ] "bibliografia" => array:2 [ "titulo" => "References" "seccion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "bibs0005" "bibliografiaReferencia" => array:2 [ 0 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0005" "etiqueta" => "1" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Comparison of reactivity to allergens using the TRUE test and IQ chamber system" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:4 [ 0 => "A. Lazarov" 1 => "M. David" 2 => "D. Abraham" 3 => "A. Trattner" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Contact Dermat" "fecha" => "2007" "volumen" => "56" "paginaInicial" => "140" "paginaFinal" => "145" "itemHostRev" => array:3 [ "pii" => "S0213005X11002540" "estado" => "S300" "issn" => "0213005X" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 1 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0010" "etiqueta" => "2" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Comparison of allergEAZE allergens to chemotechnique diagnostics allergens in the evaluation of contact allergy" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:3 [ 0 => "S. Yagerman" 1 => "L.M. Gruson" 2 => "R.R. Brancaccio" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1097/DER.0b013e31826f87b0" "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Dermatitis" "fecha" => "2012" "volumen" => "23" "paginaInicial" => "296" "paginaFinal" => "298" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23169217" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] "agradecimientos" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "identificador" => "xack158228" "titulo" => "Acknowledgements" "texto" => "<p id="par0040" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The allergEAZE<span class="elsevierStyleSup">®</span> allergens were provided by SmartPractice<span class="elsevierStyleSup">®</span>.</p>" "vista" => "all" ] ] ] "idiomaDefecto" => "en" "url" => "/15782190/0000010600000004/v2_201505051007/S1578219015000876/v2_201505051007/en/main.assets" "Apartado" => array:4 [ "identificador" => "6157" "tipo" => "SECCION" "en" => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Case and Research Letters" "idiomaDefecto" => true ] "idiomaDefecto" => "en" ] "PDF" => "https://static.elsevier.es/multimedia/15782190/0000010600000004/v2_201505051007/S1578219015000876/v2_201505051007/en/main.pdf?idApp=UINPBA000044&text.app=https://actasdermo.org/" "EPUB" => "https://multimedia.elsevier.es/PublicationsMultimediaV1/item/epub/S1578219015000876?idApp=UINPBA000044" ]
| año/Mes | Html | Total | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2024 Noviembre | 8 | 9 | 17 |
| 2024 Octubre | 65 | 38 | 103 |
| 2024 Septiembre | 68 | 43 | 111 |
| 2024 Agosto | 86 | 61 | 147 |
| 2024 Julio | 73 | 34 | 107 |
| 2024 Junio | 74 | 29 | 103 |
| 2024 Mayo | 57 | 35 | 92 |
| 2024 Abril | 67 | 23 | 90 |
| 2024 Marzo | 55 | 36 | 91 |
| 2024 Febrero | 42 | 35 | 77 |
| 2024 Enero | 44 | 31 | 75 |
| 2023 Diciembre | 36 | 34 | 70 |
| 2023 Noviembre | 43 | 26 | 69 |
| 2023 Octubre | 53 | 21 | 74 |
| 2023 Septiembre | 42 | 28 | 70 |
| 2023 Agosto | 44 | 17 | 61 |
| 2023 Julio | 53 | 37 | 90 |
| 2023 Junio | 46 | 25 | 71 |
| 2023 Mayo | 50 | 22 | 72 |
| 2023 Abril | 40 | 21 | 61 |
| 2023 Marzo | 39 | 26 | 65 |
| 2023 Febrero | 56 | 27 | 83 |
| 2023 Enero | 41 | 51 | 92 |
| 2022 Diciembre | 49 | 42 | 91 |
| 2022 Noviembre | 33 | 21 | 54 |
| 2022 Octubre | 37 | 39 | 76 |
| 2022 Septiembre | 43 | 36 | 79 |
| 2022 Agosto | 35 | 41 | 76 |
| 2022 Julio | 20 | 51 | 71 |
| 2022 Junio | 20 | 38 | 58 |
| 2022 Mayo | 34 | 37 | 71 |
| 2022 Abril | 33 | 36 | 69 |
| 2022 Marzo | 31 | 54 | 85 |
| 2022 Febrero | 30 | 33 | 63 |
| 2022 Enero | 29 | 49 | 78 |
| 2021 Diciembre | 31 | 32 | 63 |
| 2021 Noviembre | 36 | 55 | 91 |
| 2021 Octubre | 55 | 44 | 99 |
| 2021 Septiembre | 37 | 28 | 65 |
| 2021 Agosto | 46 | 21 | 67 |
| 2021 Julio | 27 | 30 | 57 |
| 2021 Junio | 43 | 28 | 71 |
| 2021 Mayo | 22 | 27 | 49 |
| 2021 Abril | 42 | 63 | 105 |
| 2021 Marzo | 34 | 19 | 53 |
| 2021 Febrero | 65 | 39 | 104 |
| 2021 Enero | 30 | 24 | 54 |
| 2020 Diciembre | 31 | 23 | 54 |
| 2020 Noviembre | 14 | 19 | 33 |
| 2020 Octubre | 15 | 10 | 25 |
| 2020 Septiembre | 27 | 15 | 42 |
| 2020 Agosto | 22 | 15 | 37 |
| 2020 Julio | 20 | 12 | 32 |
| 2020 Junio | 20 | 26 | 46 |
| 2020 Mayo | 35 | 25 | 60 |
| 2020 Abril | 41 | 20 | 61 |
| 2020 Marzo | 31 | 21 | 52 |
| 2020 Febrero | 11 | 7 | 18 |
| 2020 Enero | 5 | 11 | 16 |
| 2019 Diciembre | 6 | 9 | 15 |
| 2019 Noviembre | 3 | 6 | 9 |
| 2019 Octubre | 2 | 9 | 11 |
| 2019 Septiembre | 4 | 5 | 9 |
| 2019 Agosto | 7 | 9 | 16 |
| 2019 Julio | 6 | 17 | 23 |
| 2019 Junio | 5 | 13 | 18 |
| 2019 Mayo | 2 | 20 | 22 |
| 2019 Abril | 2 | 23 | 25 |
| 2019 Marzo | 0 | 9 | 9 |
| 2019 Febrero | 5 | 1 | 6 |
| 2019 Enero | 2 | 2 | 4 |
| 2018 Diciembre | 6 | 7 | 13 |
| 2018 Noviembre | 4 | 0 | 4 |
| 2018 Octubre | 2 | 0 | 2 |
| 2018 Septiembre | 6 | 0 | 6 |
| 2018 Marzo | 1 | 1 | 2 |
| 2018 Febrero | 30 | 3 | 33 |
| 2018 Enero | 24 | 2 | 26 |
| 2017 Diciembre | 40 | 7 | 47 |
| 2017 Noviembre | 31 | 5 | 36 |
| 2017 Octubre | 28 | 6 | 34 |
| 2017 Septiembre | 13 | 3 | 16 |
| 2017 Agosto | 24 | 4 | 28 |
| 2017 Julio | 22 | 8 | 30 |
| 2017 Junio | 31 | 5 | 36 |
| 2017 Mayo | 34 | 7 | 41 |
| 2017 Abril | 19 | 8 | 27 |
| 2017 Marzo | 11 | 4 | 15 |
| 2017 Febrero | 25 | 5 | 30 |
| 2017 Enero | 23 | 6 | 29 |
| 2016 Diciembre | 27 | 5 | 32 |
| 2016 Noviembre | 47 | 8 | 55 |
| 2016 Octubre | 26 | 6 | 32 |
| 2016 Julio | 6 | 0 | 6 |
| 2016 Junio | 10 | 0 | 10 |
| 2016 Mayo | 4 | 0 | 4 |
| 2016 Abril | 4 | 1 | 5 |
| 2016 Marzo | 6 | 0 | 6 |
| 2016 Febrero | 7 | 1 | 8 |
| 2016 Enero | 6 | 0 | 6 |
| 2015 Diciembre | 6 | 0 | 6 |
| 2015 Noviembre | 4 | 0 | 4 |
| 2015 Agosto | 0 | 3 | 3 |
| 2015 Julio | 11 | 2 | 13 |
| 2015 Junio | 3 | 9 | 12 |
| 2015 Mayo | 18 | 15 | 33 |
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