Case and research letter
Transient Pigmentary Lines of the Newborn
Líneas pigmentarias transitorias del recién nacido
a Servicio de Dermatología, Hospital Arquitecto Marcide, Área Sanitaria de Ferrol, SERGAS, Ferrol, A Coruña, Spain
b Pediatría, Centro de Salud de San Sadurniño, Área Sanitaria de Ferrol, SERGAS, San Sadurniño, A Coruña, Spain
c Servicio de Dermatología, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago de Compostela, SERGAS, Santiago de Compostela, A Coruña, Spain
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B, Dermoscopy reveals irregular arborizing vessels on a light-brown background, whitish structures, and a patchy pigmented reticulum. C. Histology reveals abundant degenerated collagen in the dermis surrounded by palisading granulomas (hematoxylin-eosin ×40).</p>" ] ] ] "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "autoresLista" => "E. Conde-Montero, J.A. Avilés-Izquierdo, M.D. Mendoza-Cembranos, V. Parra-Blanco" "autores" => array:4 [ 0 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "E." "apellidos" => "Conde-Montero" ] 1 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "J.A." "apellidos" => "Avilés-Izquierdo" ] 2 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "M.D." "apellidos" => "Mendoza-Cembranos" ] 3 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "V." 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Monteagudo, E. León-Muiños, Ó. Suárez-Amor, J. Labandeira" "autores" => array:4 [ 0 => array:4 [ "nombre" => "B." "apellidos" => "Monteagudo" "email" => array:1 [ 0 => "benigno.monteagudo.sanchez@sergas.es" ] "referencia" => array:2 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">a</span>" "identificador" => "aff0005" ] 1 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">*</span>" "identificador" => "cor0005" ] ] ] 1 => array:3 [ "nombre" => "E." "apellidos" => "León-Muiños" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">b</span>" "identificador" => "aff0010" ] ] ] 2 => array:3 [ "nombre" => "Ó." "apellidos" => "Suárez-Amor" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">a</span>" "identificador" => "aff0005" ] ] ] 3 => array:3 [ "nombre" => "J." "apellidos" => "Labandeira" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">c</span>" "identificador" => "aff0015" ] ] ] ] "afiliaciones" => array:3 [ 0 => array:3 [ "entidad" => "Servicio de Dermatología, Hospital Arquitecto Marcide, Área Sanitaria de Ferrol, SERGAS, Ferrol, A Coruña, Spain" "etiqueta" => "a" "identificador" => "aff0005" ] 1 => array:3 [ "entidad" => "Pediatría, Centro de Salud de San Sadurniño, Área Sanitaria de Ferrol, SERGAS, San Sadurniño, A Coruña, Spain" "etiqueta" => "b" "identificador" => "aff0010" ] 2 => array:3 [ "entidad" => "Servicio de Dermatología, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago de Compostela, SERGAS, Santiago de Compostela, A Coruña, Spain" "etiqueta" => "c" "identificador" => "aff0015" ] ] "correspondencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "cor0005" "etiqueta" => "⁎" "correspondencia" => "Corresponding Author." ] ] ] ] "titulosAlternativos" => array:1 [ "es" => array:1 [ "titulo" => "Líneas pigmentarias transitorias del recién nacido" ] ] "resumenGrafico" => array:2 [ "original" => 0 "multimedia" => array:7 [ "identificador" => "fig0005" "etiqueta" => "Figure 1" "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIAFIGURA" "mostrarFloat" => true "mostrarDisplay" => false "figura" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "imagen" => "gr1.jpeg" "Alto" => 1125 "Ancho" => 1500 "Tamanyo" => 192636 ] ] "descripcion" => array:1 [ "en" => "<p id="spar0005" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Linear hyperpigmentation in the skin folds of the abdomen and diffuse hyperpigmentation of the navel.</p>" ] ] ] "textoCompleto" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSections"><p id="par0005" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The skin of newborn babies plays a fundamental role in the transition at birth from an aqueous to a predominantly dry environment. Newborn skin is characterized by a relatively thin stratum corneum, the absence of dermal ridges and well-developed collagen fibrils within the papillary dermis, a composition distinct from that of subcutaneous fat, and an immature cutaneous vascular system.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0005"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">1</span></a></p><p id="par0010" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Due to the immaturity of the cutaneous components a series of specific cutaneous reactions occurs during the first few weeks of life, giving rise to a condition known as transient benign cutaneous lesions of the newborn. It is important to recognize these reactions and not to confuse them with infections or signs of internal or genetic diseases in order to avoid alarming parents and performing unnecessary tests and treatments.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0005"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">1,2</span></a></p><p id="par0015" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">This letter describes the case of a 1-month-old infant who presented hyperpigmented lesions that followed the skin folds of the abdomen, consistent with a diagnosis of transient pigmentary lines of the newborn.</p><p id="par0020" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The patient was a 1-month-old male infant who had been referred for assessment of abnormal pigmentation of the abdomen that had been present since birth. He had been born by unassisted vaginal delivery at 39 weeks of gestational age, and had no congenital abnormalities. No physiological scaling or other transient cutaneous lesions were observed in the first days of life, and there was no family history of similar cutaneous lesions.</p><p id="par0025" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Physical examination revealed 4 horizontal hyperpigmented lines that followed the skin folds of the abdomen. Apart from hyperpigmentaion of the navel, no other lesions were observed (<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0005">Fig. 1</a>). The infant's growth and development were normal.</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="fig0005"></elsevierMultimedia><p id="par0030" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">A diagnosis of transient pigmentary lines was established and the parents were informed of the transient nature of the condition. In the following 4 months, without treatment, the linear hyperpigmentation gradually faded and disappeared, and normal skin color was restored.</p><p id="par0035" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Transient pigmentary lines were first described by Gibbs in 1967.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0015"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">3</span></a> This rare condition, one of several forms of transient benign cutaneous lesions that affect newborns,<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0005"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">1</span></a> is referred to in the literature by several terms, including striped hyperpigmentation of the torso,<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0015"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">3,4</span></a> pigmentary lines of the newborn,<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0025"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">5,6</span></a> and transient infantile patterned hyperpigmentation.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0040"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">8</span></a> By searching the PubMed database using the search terms <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">pigmentary lines</span>, <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">pigmentary transient</span>, <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">striped hyperpigmentation</span>, and <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">transient hyperpigmentation</span> we found only 7 other cases consistent with this entity (<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0005">Table 1</a>).<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0015"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">3,5–8</span></a> The condition is characterized by the appearance at birth of several horizontal bands of hyperpigmentation that follow the skin folds of the abdomen, back, or limbs. These bands subsequently fade spontaneously and resolve fully by 2 to 8 months of age. They most commonly affect black or dark-skinned male neonates, and are rare in white infants. Transient pigmentary lines can be associated with abnormal cornification (ichthyosis vulgaris and collodion baby)<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0015"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">3,4</span></a> and pigmentation (vertical linear hypopigmentation of the abdomen,<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0025"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">5</span></a> hyperpigmentation along the spine,<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0035"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">7</span></a> and mottled hyperpigmentation of the back<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0035"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">7</span></a>).No associated extracutaneous anomalies have been described. The etiology and pathogenesis of transient pigmentary lines are unclear; its origin is not thought to be hormonal, but rather a consequence of friction or impaired exfoliation of the embryonic skin, accentuated by the flexed position of the fetus (mechanical trauma associated with hyperkeratosis within the skin folds).<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0015"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">3</span></a></p><elsevierMultimedia ident="tbl0005"></elsevierMultimedia><p id="par0040" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Newborns and infants can be affected by multiple processes that involve altered pigmentation.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0045"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">9,10</span></a> The differential diagnosis of transient pigmentary lines includes hyperpigmentation secondary to congenital adrenal hyperplasia, possibly caused by cross reactivity of adrenocorticotropic hormone with melanocyte-stimulating hormone (MSH) receptors.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0005"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">1</span></a> It should also be distinguished from transient hyperpigmentation which is present in approximately 15% of newborns (particularly dark-skinned males), affects the middle and lower abdomen (black line), the area around the areolas, the axillae, the periungual region, and the genital area (the scrotum in males and the labia and vulva in females), and has been associated by some authors with stimulation in utero by MSH.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0005"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">1,9</span></a></p><p id="par0045" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">In summary, we have presented a new case of transient pigmentary lines in the skin folds of the abdomen in a white infant; this entity has been rarely described in reports or in medical journals and is possibly underdiagnosed, but familiarity with this condition is fundamental for routine dermatologic practice.</p></span>" "pdfFichero" => "main.pdf" "tienePdf" => true "NotaPie" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "☆" "nota" => "<p class="elsevierStyleNotepara">Please cite this article as: Monteagudo B, et al. Líneas pigmentarias transitorias del recién nacido. Actas Dermosifiliogr. 2013;104:537-9.</p>" ] ] "multimedia" => array:2 [ 0 => array:7 [ "identificador" => "fig0005" "etiqueta" => "Figure 1" "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIAFIGURA" "mostrarFloat" => true "mostrarDisplay" => false "figura" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "imagen" => "gr1.jpeg" "Alto" => 1125 "Ancho" => 1500 "Tamanyo" => 192636 ] ] "descripcion" => array:1 [ "en" => "<p id="spar0005" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Linear hyperpigmentation in the skin folds of the abdomen and diffuse hyperpigmentation of the navel.</p>" ] ] 1 => array:7 [ "identificador" => "tbl0005" "etiqueta" => "Table 1" "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIATABLA" "mostrarFloat" => true "mostrarDisplay" => false "tabla" => array:3 [ "leyenda" => "<p id="spar0015" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Abbreviations: F, female; M, male; NA, not available; NF, no follow up.</p>" "tablatextoimagen" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "tabla" => array:1 [ 0 => """ <table border="0" frame="\n \t\t\t\t\tvoid\n \t\t\t\t" class=""><thead title="thead"><tr title="table-row"><th class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Source \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Country \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Sex/Age of Newborn \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Racial Group \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Location of Transient Pigmentary Lines \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Other Skin Lesions \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Extracutaneous Anomalies \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Evolution of Transient Pigmentary Lines \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t\t\t</th></tr></thead><tbody title="tbody"><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Gibbs,<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0015"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">3</span></a> 1967 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">United States \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">M/NA \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Black \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Abdomen \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Collodion babyIchthyosis vulgaris \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Umbilical hernia \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Resolved at 4 mo of age \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Halper et al.,<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0025"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">5</span></a> 1993 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">United States \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">M/6 wk \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Black \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">BackFlankArms \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">No \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">No \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Resolved at 4–6 mo of age \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">M/2 mo \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Black \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Abdomen \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Vertical linear hypopigmentation of the abdomen \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">No \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Resolved at 6 mo of age \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">M/at birth \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Black \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Back \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">No \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">No \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">NF \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Prigent et al.,<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0030"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">6</span></a> 2000 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">France \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">M/3 wk \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Black \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Arms \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">No \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">No \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Resolved at 2–3 mo of age \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Martín et al.,<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0035"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">7</span></a> 2009 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Spain \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">F/2 wk \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">White \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">AbdomenBack \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Hyperpigmentation along the spineScattered hyperpigmented macules on the back \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">No \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Cleared in 6 mo \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Garg et al.,<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0040"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">8</span></a> 2012 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">India \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">M/2 wk \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">NA \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">AbdomenArms \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">No \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">No \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Cleared in 3–6 mo \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Monteagudo et al.,<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tblfn0005"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">a</span></a> 2012 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Spain \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">M/1 mo \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">White \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Abdomen \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Hyperpigmentation of the navel \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">No \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Cleared in 4 mo \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr></tbody></table> """ ] ] ] "notaPie" => array:1 [ 0 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "tblfn0005" "etiqueta" => "a" "nota" => "<p class="elsevierStyleNotepara">Present case.</p>" ] ] ] "descripcion" => array:1 [ "en" => "<p id="spar0010" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Main Characteristics of Cases of Transient Pigmentary Lines of the Newborn Described in the Literature.</p>" ] ] ] "bibliografia" => array:2 [ "titulo" => "References" "seccion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "bibs0005" "bibliografiaReferencia" => array:10 [ 0 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0005" "etiqueta" => "1" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Transient benign cutaneous lesions in the newborn" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => "A.W. Lucky" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "LibroEditado" => array:6 [ "editores" => "L.F.Eichenfield, I.J.Frieden, N.B.Esterly" "titulo" => "Neonatal Dermatology" "paginaInicial" => "85" "paginaFinal" => "98" "edicion" => "2nd ed." "serieFecha" => "2008" ] ] ] ] ] ] 1 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0010" "etiqueta" => "2" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Prevalencia de marcas de nacimiento y lesiones cutáneas transitorias en 1.000 recién nacidos españoles" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => true "autores" => array:6 [ 0 => "B. Monteagudo" 1 => "J. Labandeira" 2 => "E. León-Muiños" 3 => "I. Carballeira" 4 => "A. Corrales" 5 => "M. Cabanillas" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1016/j.ad.2010.08.001" "Revista" => array:7 [ "tituloSerie" => "Actas Dermosifiliogr" "fecha" => "2011" "volumen" => "102" "paginaInicial" => "264" "paginaFinal" => "269" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21324425" "web" => "Medline" ] ] "itemHostRev" => array:3 [ "pii" => "S0016508510013223" "estado" => "S300" "issn" => "00165085" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 2 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0015" "etiqueta" => "3" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Unusual striped hyperpigmentation of the torso. A sequel of abnormalities of epitrichial exfoliation" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => "R.C. Gibbs" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Arch Dermatol" "fecha" => "1967" "volumen" => "95" "paginaInicial" => "385" "paginaFinal" => "386" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6067148" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 3 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0020" "etiqueta" => "4" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Neonatal striped hyperpigmentation of the torso secondary to split lines of the horny layer at birth" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:2 [ 0 => "E. Bonifazi" 1 => "M. Cutrone" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:5 [ "tituloSerie" => "Eur J Pediatr Dermatol" "fecha" => "2011" "volumen" => "21" "paginaInicial" => "184" "paginaFinal" => "185" ] ] ] ] ] ] 4 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0025" "etiqueta" => "5" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Pigmentary lines of the newborn" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:4 [ 0 => "S. Halper" 1 => "D. Rubenstein" 2 => "N. Prose" 3 => "M.L. Levy" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1016/0190-9622(93)70127-f" "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "J Am Acad Dermatol" "fecha" => "1993" "volumen" => "28" "paginaInicial" => "893" "paginaFinal" => "894" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8491889" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 5 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0030" "etiqueta" => "6" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Pigmentation linéaire du nouveau-né" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:3 [ 0 => "F. Prigent" 1 => "C. Aufrant" 2 => "Y. Bompard" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1016/s0929-693x(00)00150-0" "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Arch Pediatr" "fecha" => "2000" "volumen" => "7" "paginaInicial" => "1316" "paginaFinal" => "1317" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11147068" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 6 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0035" "etiqueta" => "7" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Transient pigmentary lines of the newborn" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:3 [ 0 => "J.M. Martín" 1 => "E. Jordá" 2 => "V. Alonso" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1111/j.1525-1470.2009.01038.x" "Revista" => array:5 [ "tituloSerie" => "Pediatr Dermatol" "fecha" => "2009" "volumen" => "26" "paginaInicial" => "768" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20199471" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 7 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0040" "etiqueta" => "8" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Transient infantile patterned hyperpigmentation" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:3 [ 0 => "G. Garg" 1 => "M. Bhalla" 2 => "G.P. Thami" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1111/j.1525-1470.2011.01653.x" "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Pediatr Dermatol" "fecha" => "2012" "volumen" => "29" "paginaInicial" => "372" "paginaFinal" => "373" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22122808" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 8 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0045" "etiqueta" => "9" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Hypermelanoses of the newborn and of the infant" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:2 [ 0 => "A. Taïeb" 1 => "F. 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| año/Mes | Html | Total | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2024 Noviembre | 31 | 10 | 41 |
| 2024 Octubre | 294 | 65 | 359 |
| 2024 Septiembre | 340 | 49 | 389 |
| 2024 Agosto | 412 | 83 | 495 |
| 2024 Julio | 405 | 60 | 465 |
| 2024 Junio | 337 | 62 | 399 |
| 2024 Mayo | 317 | 83 | 400 |
| 2024 Abril | 318 | 59 | 377 |
| 2024 Marzo | 438 | 36 | 474 |
| 2024 Febrero | 350 | 36 | 386 |
| 2024 Enero | 433 | 38 | 471 |
| 2023 Diciembre | 359 | 41 | 400 |
| 2023 Noviembre | 305 | 58 | 363 |
| 2023 Octubre | 402 | 44 | 446 |
| 2023 Septiembre | 449 | 37 | 486 |
| 2023 Agosto | 383 | 28 | 411 |
| 2023 Julio | 358 | 45 | 403 |
| 2023 Junio | 247 | 34 | 281 |
| 2023 Mayo | 315 | 49 | 364 |
| 2023 Abril | 225 | 35 | 260 |
| 2023 Marzo | 302 | 70 | 372 |
| 2023 Febrero | 192 | 70 | 262 |
| 2023 Enero | 176 | 53 | 229 |
| 2022 Diciembre | 126 | 61 | 187 |
| 2022 Noviembre | 72 | 38 | 110 |
| 2022 Octubre | 72 | 53 | 125 |
| 2022 Septiembre | 106 | 55 | 161 |
| 2022 Agosto | 57 | 55 | 112 |
| 2022 Julio | 58 | 48 | 106 |
| 2022 Junio | 57 | 52 | 109 |
| 2022 Mayo | 292 | 60 | 352 |
| 2022 Abril | 385 | 58 | 443 |
| 2022 Marzo | 425 | 93 | 518 |
| 2022 Febrero | 399 | 64 | 463 |
| 2022 Enero | 444 | 58 | 502 |
| 2021 Diciembre | 349 | 37 | 386 |
| 2021 Noviembre | 281 | 53 | 334 |
| 2021 Octubre | 329 | 74 | 403 |
| 2021 Septiembre | 228 | 47 | 275 |
| 2021 Agosto | 273 | 57 | 330 |
| 2021 Julio | 305 | 53 | 358 |
| 2021 Junio | 440 | 302 | 742 |
| 2021 Mayo | 395 | 121 | 516 |
| 2021 Abril | 618 | 158 | 776 |
| 2021 Marzo | 271 | 60 | 331 |
| 2021 Febrero | 246 | 44 | 290 |
| 2021 Enero | 217 | 44 | 261 |
| 2020 Diciembre | 149 | 31 | 180 |
| 2020 Noviembre | 162 | 18 | 180 |
| 2020 Octubre | 110 | 14 | 124 |
| 2020 Septiembre | 107 | 10 | 117 |
| 2020 Agosto | 110 | 25 | 135 |
| 2020 Julio | 106 | 20 | 126 |
| 2020 Junio | 99 | 24 | 123 |
| 2020 Mayo | 681 | 30 | 711 |
| 2020 Abril | 48 | 17 | 65 |
| 2020 Marzo | 35 | 16 | 51 |
| 2020 Febrero | 6 | 0 | 6 |
| 2020 Enero | 4 | 0 | 4 |
| 2019 Diciembre | 8 | 2 | 10 |
| 2019 Noviembre | 4 | 0 | 4 |
| 2019 Septiembre | 8 | 0 | 8 |
| 2019 Agosto | 4 | 1 | 5 |
| 2019 Julio | 4 | 1 | 5 |
| 2019 Junio | 6 | 5 | 11 |
| 2019 Mayo | 5 | 15 | 20 |
| 2019 Abril | 2 | 3 | 5 |
| 2019 Marzo | 2 | 8 | 10 |
| 2019 Febrero | 2 | 3 | 5 |
| 2019 Enero | 1 | 5 | 6 |
| 2018 Diciembre | 5 | 2 | 7 |
| 2018 Noviembre | 2 | 0 | 2 |
| 2018 Octubre | 3 | 0 | 3 |
| 2018 Septiembre | 3 | 31 | 34 |
| 2018 Agosto | 0 | 57 | 57 |
| 2018 Julio | 0 | 50 | 50 |
| 2018 Junio | 0 | 47 | 47 |
| 2018 Mayo | 0 | 46 | 46 |
| 2018 Abril | 0 | 55 | 55 |
| 2018 Marzo | 18 | 37 | 55 |
| 2018 Febrero | 384 | 31 | 415 |
| 2018 Enero | 395 | 32 | 427 |
| 2017 Diciembre | 283 | 30 | 313 |
| 2017 Noviembre | 356 | 37 | 393 |
| 2017 Octubre | 363 | 15 | 378 |
| 2017 Septiembre | 241 | 30 | 271 |
| 2017 Agosto | 247 | 34 | 281 |
| 2017 Julio | 251 | 33 | 284 |
| 2017 Junio | 237 | 46 | 283 |
| 2017 Mayo | 274 | 54 | 328 |
| 2017 Abril | 278 | 36 | 314 |
| 2017 Marzo | 284 | 61 | 345 |
| 2017 Febrero | 432 | 41 | 473 |
| 2017 Enero | 436 | 41 | 477 |
| 2016 Diciembre | 295 | 22 | 317 |
| 2016 Noviembre | 212 | 38 | 250 |
| 2016 Octubre | 253 | 35 | 288 |
| 2016 Septiembre | 333 | 26 | 359 |
| 2016 Agosto | 296 | 21 | 317 |
| 2016 Julio | 191 | 14 | 205 |
| 2016 Junio | 9 | 13 | 22 |
| 2016 Mayo | 7 | 7 | 14 |
| 2016 Abril | 4 | 31 | 35 |
| 2016 Marzo | 2 | 21 | 23 |
| 2016 Febrero | 3 | 1 | 4 |
| 2016 Enero | 8 | 15 | 23 |
| 2015 Diciembre | 6 | 6 | 12 |
| 2015 Noviembre | 5 | 5 | 10 |
| 2015 Octubre | 17 | 6 | 23 |
| 2015 Septiembre | 9 | 3 | 12 |
| 2015 Agosto | 10 | 1 | 11 |
| 2015 Julio | 203 | 12 | 215 |
| 2015 Junio | 150 | 13 | 163 |
| 2015 Mayo | 101 | 15 | 116 |
| 2015 Abril | 115 | 7 | 122 |
| 2015 Marzo | 319 | 10 | 329 |
| 2015 Febrero | 109 | 14 | 123 |
| 2015 Enero | 93 | 6 | 99 |
| 2014 Diciembre | 96 | 7 | 103 |
| 2014 Noviembre | 86 | 5 | 91 |
| 2014 Octubre | 79 | 4 | 83 |
| 2014 Septiembre | 72 | 8 | 80 |
| 2014 Agosto | 80 | 4 | 84 |
| 2014 Julio | 73 | 6 | 79 |
| 2014 Junio | 85 | 6 | 91 |
| 2014 Mayo | 68 | 7 | 75 |
| 2014 Abril | 56 | 7 | 63 |
| 2014 Marzo | 69 | 11 | 80 |
| 2014 Febrero | 44 | 6 | 50 |
| 2014 Enero | 87 | 12 | 99 |
| 2013 Diciembre | 34 | 3 | 37 |
| 2013 Noviembre | 27 | 7 | 34 |
| 2013 Octubre | 14 | 4 | 18 |
| 2013 Septiembre | 3 | 3 | 6 |
| 2013 Agosto | 4 | 4 | 8 |
| 2013 Julio | 0 | 2 | 2 |
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