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Fernández Canedo, N. Blázquez Sánchez, M. De Troya Martín" "autores" => array:3 [ 0 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "I." "apellidos" => "Fernández Canedo" ] 1 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "N." "apellidos" => "Blázquez Sánchez" ] 2 => array:4 [ "nombre" => "M." "apellidos" => "De Troya Martín" "email" => array:1 [ 0 => "magdatm@hcs.es" ] "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">¿</span>" "identificador" => "cor0005" ] ] ] ] "afiliaciones" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "entidad" => "Servicio Dermatología Hospital Costa del Sol.Marbella, Málaga, Spain" ] ] "correspondencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "cor0005" "etiqueta" => "⁎" "correspondencia" => "Corresponding author." ] ] ] ] "titulosAlternativos" => array:1 [ "es" => array:1 [ "titulo" => "Matricectomía química con fenol" ] ] "resumenGrafico" => array:2 [ "original" => 0 "multimedia" => array:6 [ "identificador" => "fig0005" "etiqueta" => "Figure 1" "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIAFIGURA" "mostrarFloat" => true "mostrarDisplay" => false "figura" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "imagen" => "gr1.jpeg" "Alto" => 907 "Ancho" => 1000 "Tamanyo" => 81503 ] ] ] ] "textoCompleto" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSections"><span id="sec0005" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Description</span><p id="par0005" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Surgical matricectomy with phenol 88% is a simple technique first described by Boll<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0005"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">1</span></a> in 1945. It has a low morbidity and a high success rate (98%).<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0010"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span></a></p><p id="par0010" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Phenol is a colorless crystalline substance that is inactivated by light and by air (it must therefore be stored in an opaque or foil-wrapped container) and also by blood and alcohol. At concentrations over 80% it produces coagulation necrosis. For onychectomy, phenol is employed as an 89% aqueous solution.</p></span><span id="sec0010" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Technique</span><p id="par0015" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">First, proximal digital nerve block is performed by the injection of 2<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>mL of mepivacaine 2% without epinephrine into the lateral and medial aspects of the base of the digit.</p><p id="par0020" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">After anesthesia, a nail cutter is used to cut the ingrown part of the nail plate to beyond the cuticle, 0.5 to 1<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>cm beneath the proximal nail fold. After cutting, rongeur forceps are used to pull on the nail fragment in order to separate the more proximal part completely from the nail bed to facilitate extraction of the triangular lateral matrix horn. Artery forceps may be used to probe beneath the proximal fold to confirm that there are no residual fragments of nail.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0015"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">3</span></a></p><p id="par0025" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">After extraction of the fragment, a tourniquet is applied (<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0005">Fig. 1</a>) to prevent neutralization of the phenol by the blood and the periungual skin is protected using sterile petrolatum (<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0010">Fig. 2</a>). Two or 3 ophthalmic sponges are then impregnated with phenol. Ophthalmic sponges are triangular and it is advisable to trim the ends a little to make them straight so that they penetrate completely into the proximal nail fold. The sponges are then introduced into the cavity of the lateral matrix horn and into the lateral nail fold (<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0015">Fig. 3</a>) and are left in place for 1<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>minute. The phenol is then neutralized with abundant isopropyl alcohol 70°.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0015"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">3,4</span></a> This process is repeated a further 2 times. The procedure does not require incisions or suture.</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="fig0005"></elsevierMultimedia><elsevierMultimedia ident="fig0010"></elsevierMultimedia><elsevierMultimedia ident="fig0015"></elsevierMultimedia></span><span id="sec0015" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Indication</span><p id="par0030" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall"><ul class="elsevierStyleList" id="lis0005"><li class="elsevierStyleListItem" id="lsti0005"><span class="elsevierStyleLabel">–</span><p id="par0035" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Ingrown nail.</p></li><li class="elsevierStyleListItem" id="lsti0010"><span class="elsevierStyleLabel">–</span><p id="par0040" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Pincer nail</p></li><li class="elsevierStyleListItem" id="lsti0015"><span class="elsevierStyleLabel">–</span><p id="par0045" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Onychogryphosis.</p></li><li class="elsevierStyleListItem" id="lsti0020"><span class="elsevierStyleLabel">–</span><p id="par0050" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Poor nail alignment.</p></li></ul></p></span><span id="sec0020" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Contraindications</span><p id="par0055" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall"><ul class="elsevierStyleList" id="lis0010"><li class="elsevierStyleListItem" id="lsti0025"><span class="elsevierStyleLabel">–</span><p id="par0060" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Absolute contraindication: Vascular disease of the lower limbs, particularly arterial disease.</p></li><li class="elsevierStyleListItem" id="lsti0030"><span class="elsevierStyleLabel">–</span><p id="par0065" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Relative contraindications: Pregnancy, age under 6 years, and soft tissue hypertrophy.</p></li></ul></p></span><span id="sec0025" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Risks</span><p id="par0070" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall"><ul class="elsevierStyleList" id="lis0015"><li class="elsevierStyleListItem" id="lsti0035"><span class="elsevierStyleLabel">–</span><p id="par0075" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Locally, phenol produces abrasions of the periungual skin. The risk can be reduced by protecting the skin with mupirocin ointment or petrolatum.</p></li><li class="elsevierStyleListItem" id="lsti0040"><span class="elsevierStyleLabel">–</span><p id="par0080" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The systemic absorption of phenol can be harmful to the kidneys and nervous system; it can be fatal. However, this risk is only relevant after the application of phenol to large areas. To date, no systemic complications have been reported secondary to the use of phenol for matricectomy.</p></li></ul></p></span><span id="sec0030" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Benefits</span><p id="par0085" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall"><ul class="elsevierStyleList" id="lis0020"><li class="elsevierStyleListItem" id="lsti0045"><span class="elsevierStyleLabel">–</span><p id="par0090" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Matricectomy with phenol is a simple and inexpensive technique.</p></li><li class="elsevierStyleListItem" id="lsti0050"><span class="elsevierStyleLabel">–</span><p id="par0095" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Phenol has a potent analgesic and antiseptic action, leading to a very low risk of infection and minimal levels of postoperative pain.</p></li><li class="elsevierStyleListItem" id="lsti0055"><span class="elsevierStyleLabel">–</span><p id="par0100" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Several studies have demonstrated a lower risk of recurrence of the nail disorder (0.57%-11%) after treatment with phenol than after other therapeutic options (electrocoagulation).<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0010"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">2,5</span></a></p></li></ul></p></span><span id="sec0035" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Alternatives</span><p id="par0105" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Lateral matricectomy by electrocoagulation.</p></span><span id="sec0040" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Key Aspects</span><p id="par0110" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall"><ul class="elsevierStyleList" id="lis0025"><li class="elsevierStyleListItem" id="lsti0060"><span class="elsevierStyleLabel">–</span><p id="par0115" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Complete excision of the proximal part of the nail plate, hidden beneath the proximal fold, must be ensured in order to prevent recurrence.</p></li><li class="elsevierStyleListItem" id="lsti0065"><span class="elsevierStyleLabel">–</span><p id="par0120" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Trimming the ophthalmic sponges facilitates their introduction into the proximal subungual space and will lead to greater delivery of phenol to the matrix.</p></li><li class="elsevierStyleListItem" id="lsti0070"><span class="elsevierStyleLabel">–</span><p id="par0125" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The application of petrolatum will protect the periungual skin from the caustic effects of phenol.</p></li><li class="elsevierStyleListItem" id="lsti0075"><span class="elsevierStyleLabel">–</span><p id="par0130" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Ischemia of the digit will prevent neutralization of the phenol by the blood. The ischemia must not be maintained for more than 15<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>minutes.</p></li><li class="elsevierStyleListItem" id="lsti0080"><span class="elsevierStyleLabel">–</span><p id="par0135" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The phenol is neutralized by abundant lavage with alcohol 70°.</p></li><li class="elsevierStyleListItem" id="lsti0085"><span class="elsevierStyleLabel">–</span><p id="par0140" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The complete process consists of three 1-minute applications of phenol.</p></li></ul></p></span><span id="sec0045" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Conflicts of Interest</span><p id="par0145" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest.</p></span></span>" "textoCompletoSecciones" => array:1 [ "secciones" => array:10 [ 0 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0005" "titulo" => "Description" ] 1 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0010" "titulo" => "Technique" ] 2 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0015" "titulo" => "Indication" ] 3 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0020" "titulo" => "Contraindications" ] 4 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0025" "titulo" => "Risks" ] 5 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0030" "titulo" => "Benefits" ] 6 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0035" "titulo" => "Alternatives" ] 7 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0040" "titulo" => "Key Aspects" ] 8 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0045" "titulo" => "Conflicts of Interest" ] 9 => array:1 [ "titulo" => "References" ] ] ] "pdfFichero" => "main.pdf" "tienePdf" => true "NotaPie" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "☆" "nota" => "<p class="elsevierStyleNotepara">Please cite this article as: Fernández Canedo I, et al. Matricectomía química con fenol. 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año/Mes | Html | Total | |
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2024 Noviembre | 23 | 15 | 38 |
2024 Octubre | 283 | 90 | 373 |
2024 Septiembre | 241 | 61 | 302 |
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2023 Diciembre | 206 | 48 | 254 |
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2023 Octubre | 157 | 34 | 191 |
2023 Septiembre | 153 | 60 | 213 |
2023 Agosto | 82 | 33 | 115 |
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2023 Junio | 109 | 47 | 156 |
2023 Mayo | 105 | 43 | 148 |
2023 Abril | 94 | 28 | 122 |
2023 Marzo | 94 | 44 | 138 |
2023 Febrero | 84 | 18 | 102 |
2023 Enero | 86 | 40 | 126 |
2022 Diciembre | 109 | 66 | 175 |
2022 Noviembre | 56 | 33 | 89 |
2022 Octubre | 44 | 47 | 91 |
2022 Septiembre | 37 | 58 | 95 |
2022 Agosto | 47 | 73 | 120 |
2022 Julio | 34 | 56 | 90 |
2022 Junio | 39 | 27 | 66 |
2022 Mayo | 131 | 57 | 188 |
2022 Abril | 207 | 40 | 247 |
2022 Marzo | 157 | 59 | 216 |
2022 Febrero | 195 | 34 | 229 |
2022 Enero | 306 | 41 | 347 |
2021 Diciembre | 216 | 40 | 256 |
2021 Noviembre | 189 | 44 | 233 |
2021 Octubre | 197 | 64 | 261 |
2021 Septiembre | 151 | 56 | 207 |
2021 Agosto | 201 | 39 | 240 |
2021 Julio | 154 | 31 | 185 |
2021 Junio | 104 | 38 | 142 |
2021 Mayo | 111 | 45 | 156 |
2021 Abril | 265 | 60 | 325 |
2021 Marzo | 149 | 41 | 190 |
2021 Febrero | 112 | 35 | 147 |
2021 Enero | 61 | 30 | 91 |
2020 Diciembre | 56 | 23 | 79 |
2020 Noviembre | 52 | 26 | 78 |
2020 Octubre | 62 | 14 | 76 |
2020 Septiembre | 78 | 19 | 97 |
2020 Agosto | 56 | 16 | 72 |
2020 Julio | 47 | 11 | 58 |
2020 Junio | 55 | 28 | 83 |
2020 Mayo | 61 | 32 | 93 |
2020 Abril | 52 | 25 | 77 |
2020 Marzo | 62 | 26 | 88 |
2020 Febrero | 4 | 6 | 10 |
2020 Enero | 6 | 0 | 6 |
2019 Diciembre | 8 | 7 | 15 |
2019 Noviembre | 8 | 5 | 13 |
2019 Octubre | 0 | 2 | 2 |
2019 Septiembre | 0 | 5 | 5 |
2019 Agosto | 8 | 7 | 15 |
2019 Julio | 12 | 20 | 32 |
2019 Junio | 11 | 33 | 44 |
2019 Mayo | 10 | 45 | 55 |
2019 Abril | 5 | 53 | 58 |
2019 Marzo | 4 | 12 | 16 |
2019 Febrero | 2 | 13 | 15 |
2019 Enero | 3 | 14 | 17 |
2018 Diciembre | 4 | 7 | 11 |
2018 Noviembre | 4 | 7 | 11 |
2018 Octubre | 6 | 0 | 6 |
2018 Septiembre | 7 | 1 | 8 |
2018 Junio | 0 | 8 | 8 |
2018 Mayo | 0 | 33 | 33 |
2018 Abril | 0 | 25 | 25 |
2018 Marzo | 20 | 21 | 41 |
2018 Febrero | 127 | 13 | 140 |
2018 Enero | 121 | 18 | 139 |
2017 Diciembre | 140 | 19 | 159 |
2017 Noviembre | 104 | 17 | 121 |
2017 Octubre | 47 | 10 | 57 |
2017 Septiembre | 59 | 16 | 75 |
2017 Agosto | 112 | 23 | 135 |
2017 Julio | 114 | 16 | 130 |
2017 Junio | 126 | 25 | 151 |
2017 Mayo | 125 | 24 | 149 |
2017 Abril | 144 | 21 | 165 |
2017 Marzo | 105 | 21 | 126 |
2017 Febrero | 98 | 7 | 105 |
2017 Enero | 108 | 20 | 128 |
2016 Diciembre | 138 | 17 | 155 |
2016 Noviembre | 150 | 15 | 165 |
2016 Octubre | 179 | 29 | 208 |
2016 Septiembre | 204 | 25 | 229 |
2016 Agosto | 136 | 20 | 156 |
2016 Julio | 87 | 15 | 102 |
2016 Junio | 13 | 19 | 32 |
2016 Mayo | 5 | 20 | 25 |
2016 Abril | 6 | 18 | 24 |
2016 Marzo | 6 | 9 | 15 |
2016 Febrero | 9 | 11 | 20 |
2016 Enero | 8 | 1 | 9 |
2015 Diciembre | 7 | 10 | 17 |
2015 Noviembre | 25 | 4 | 29 |
2015 Octubre | 21 | 1 | 22 |
2015 Septiembre | 34 | 11 | 45 |
2015 Agosto | 22 | 3 | 25 |
2015 Julio | 100 | 15 | 115 |
2015 Junio | 85 | 8 | 93 |
2015 Mayo | 107 | 22 | 129 |
2015 Abril | 72 | 14 | 86 |
2015 Marzo | 74 | 14 | 88 |
2015 Febrero | 82 | 13 | 95 |
2015 Enero | 88 | 11 | 99 |
2014 Diciembre | 48 | 3 | 51 |
2014 Noviembre | 43 | 5 | 48 |
2014 Octubre | 44 | 2 | 46 |
2014 Septiembre | 31 | 2 | 33 |
2014 Agosto | 40 | 4 | 44 |
2014 Julio | 27 | 5 | 32 |
2014 Junio | 49 | 2 | 51 |
2014 Mayo | 46 | 7 | 53 |
2014 Abril | 47 | 3 | 50 |
2014 Marzo | 41 | 18 | 59 |
2014 Febrero | 37 | 18 | 55 |
2014 Enero | 33 | 32 | 65 |
2013 Diciembre | 40 | 22 | 62 |
2013 Noviembre | 21 | 15 | 36 |
2013 Octubre | 22 | 17 | 39 |
2013 Septiembre | 19 | 4 | 23 |
2013 Agosto | 30 | 29 | 59 |
2013 Julio | 17 | 36 | 53 |
2013 Junio | 15 | 36 | 51 |
2013 Mayo | 12 | 36 | 48 |
2013 Abril | 10 | 19 | 29 |
2013 Marzo | 5 | 10 | 15 |
2013 Febrero | 7 | 8 | 15 |