Case and research letter
Hypertrichosis of the malar areas and poliosis of the eyelashes caused by latanoprost
Hipertricosis de las Áreas Malares y Poliosis de las Pestañas Causados por Latanoprost
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Özyurt, G. Seyman Çetinkaya" "autores" => array:2 [ 0 => array:4 [ "nombre" => "S." "apellidos" => "Özyurt" "email" => array:1 [ 0 => "ozyurtselcuk@yahoo.com" ] "referencia" => array:2 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">a</span>" "identificador" => "aff0005" ] 1 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">*</span>" "identificador" => "cor0005" ] ] ] 1 => array:3 [ "nombre" => "G. Seyman" "apellidos" => "Çetinkaya" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">b</span>" "identificador" => "aff0010" ] ] ] ] "afiliaciones" => array:2 [ 0 => array:3 [ "entidad" => "Dermatology Clinic, İzmir Atatürk Education and Research Hospital, İzmir, Turkey" "etiqueta" => "a" "identificador" => "aff0005" ] 1 => array:3 [ "entidad" => "Internal Medicine Clinic, İzmir Atatürk Education and Research Hospital, İzmir, Turkey" "etiqueta" => "b" "identificador" => "aff0010" ] ] "correspondencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "cor0005" "etiqueta" => "⁎" "correspondencia" => "Corresponding author." ] ] ] ] "titulosAlternativos" => array:1 [ "es" => array:1 [ "titulo" => "Hipertricosis de las Áreas Malares y Poliosis de las Pestañas Causados por Latanoprost" ] ] "resumenGrafico" => array:2 [ "original" => 0 "multimedia" => array:7 [ "identificador" => "fig0005" "etiqueta" => "Figure 1" "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIAFIGURA" "mostrarFloat" => true "mostrarDisplay" => false "figura" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "imagen" => "gr1.jpeg" "Alto" => 750 "Ancho" => 1000 "Tamanyo" => 156226 ] ] "descripcion" => array:1 [ "en" => "<p id="spar0005" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Poliosis, with affected eyelashes interspersed among normally pigmented eyelashes.</p>" ] ] ] "textoCompleto" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSections"><p id="par0005" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The synthetic phenyl-substituted analog of prostaglandin F<span class="elsevierStyleInf">2</span> alpha (PGF<span class="elsevierStyleInf">2</span>-α), latanoprost, is an intraocular pressure-lowering drug for use in patients with primary open-angle glaucoma and ocular hypertension. Hypertrichosis of the eyelashes is a common reported adverse effect of this drug and of prostaglandin analogs in general since their introduction in the late 1990s.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0005"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">1</span></a> Here we present a case of poliosis and bilateral hypertrichosis of the malar vellus hairs that occurred during use of ophthalmic latanoprost solution for glaucoma treatment.</p><p id="par0010" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">A 64-year-old woman presented at our department complaining of excessive hair growth in both malar areas. The problem had started 6 months earlier and the hairs had progressively grown in number and diameter since then. Examination revealed hypertrichosis and poliosis of the eyelashes in addition to hypertrichosis of the malar areas. The whitened eyelashes were interspersed among normal-appearing eyelashes in both eyes (<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0005">Fig. 1</a>). There were no signs of hypertrichosis on any other parts of the body. The patient had had bilateral glaucoma for 4 years, and had been using latanoprost eye drops since diagnosis. She had a history of hypertension and diabetes mellitus and had been taking amlodipine tablets and oral acarbose for the treatment of these diseases for about 8 years. She had no other cutaneous or systemic disorders and the results of routine biochemical and hormonal tests were within normal limits. She denied use of any topicals creams, including sunscreens or corticosteroids, on her face.</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="fig0005"></elsevierMultimedia><p id="par0015" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Hypertrichosis is the growth of hair that is considered excessive for the age, sex, and race of an individual. It can occur all over the body or be isolated to small patches. PGF<span class="elsevierStyleInf">2</span>-α analogs have been observed to promote hair growth and may have hypertrichotic effects. The mechanisms by which prostaglandins trigger hair growth, however, are not clear. It has been suggested that hypertrichosis of the eyelashes following administration of prostaglandin analogs for glaucoma treatment is probably a result of the induction of the anagen phase in telogen-phase eyelash follicles.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0010"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span></a> These analogs may also prolong the anagen phase of eyelashes, leading to an increase in eyelash length.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0015"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">3</span></a></p><p id="par0020" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Eyelash hypertrichosis has been reported as a common adverse effect of ophthalmic latanoprost treatment, with frequency rates as high as 77%<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0020"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">4</span></a> and 50.5%.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0025"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">5</span></a> Even brief exposure to an ophthalmic prostaglandin analog appears to be associated with eyelash changes. In one study, very brief exposure to latanoprost (<22 days) was reported to produce hypertrichosis similar to that seen with sustained exposure.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0010"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span></a> Our patient reported hypertrichosis of the vellus hairs of the malar area after 3.5 years of treatment.</p><p id="par0025" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Changes in the appearance of hairs other than eyelashes have been reported in a few papers. Reports of hypertrichosis of the vellus hairs of the eyelids,<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0005"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">1,5</span></a> inner canthus,<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0030"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">6</span></a> upper cheek,<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0035"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">7</span></a> and malar regions<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0040"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">8–10</span></a> can be found in the literature.</p><p id="par0030" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Chen et al.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0055"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">11</span></a> reported poliosis in a series of 7 patients using different PGF<span class="elsevierStyleInf">2</span>-α analogs for primary open-angle glaucoma. The affected lashes were interspersed with normally pigmented lashes. Whole affected lashes were observed to be new, implying that the effect may result from failure of pigmentation in newly stimulated eyelash growth or from stimulated growth of previously inconspicuous white lashes. Our patient did not complain about her white eyelashes as she considered them to be normal age-related changes. It is, however, known that eyelashes do not generally turn white with age, and if they do, they normally only do so at a very late stage.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0015"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">3</span></a></p><p id="par0035" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Other local adverse effects of PGF<span class="elsevierStyleInf">2</span>-α analogs are iris pigmentation, conjunctival hyperemia, increased pigmentation of the periocular skin, deepening of the eyelid sulcus, periorbital fat atrophy and relative enophthalmos, anterior uveitis, and an increased risk of herpes simplex viral infection recurrence. There have also been some reports of systemic adverse effects, such as symptoms of common cold and upper respiratory tract infection, headache, abnormal liver function tests, asthenia and hirsutism.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0060"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">12</span></a></p><p id="par0040" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">We thought it might be interesting to report this infrequently observed case to highlight the importance of considering topical PGF<span class="elsevierStyleInf">2</span>-α analog therapy as a possible cause of poliosis and hypertrichosis of the vellus hairs around eyes.</p></span>" "pdfFichero" => "main.pdf" "tienePdf" => true "multimedia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:7 [ "identificador" => "fig0005" "etiqueta" => "Figure 1" "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIAFIGURA" "mostrarFloat" => true "mostrarDisplay" => false "figura" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "imagen" => "gr1.jpeg" "Alto" => 750 "Ancho" => 1000 "Tamanyo" => 156226 ] ] "descripcion" => array:1 [ "en" => "<p id="spar0005" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Poliosis, with affected eyelashes interspersed among normally pigmented eyelashes.</p>" ] ] ] "bibliografia" => array:2 [ "titulo" => "References" "seccion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "bibs0005" "bibliografiaReferencia" => array:12 [ 0 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0005" "etiqueta" => "1" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Hypertrichosis and increased pigmentation of eyelashes and adjacent hair in the region of the ipsilateral eyelids of patients treated with unilateral topical latanoprost" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => "M.A. Johnstone" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Am J Ophthalmol" "fecha" => "1997" "volumen" => "124" "paginaInicial" => "544" "paginaFinal" => "547" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9323945" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 1 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0010" "etiqueta" => "2" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Prostaglandin-induced hair growth" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:2 [ 0 => "M.A. Johnstone" 1 => "D.M. 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| año/Mes | Html | Total | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2024 Noviembre | 11 | 11 | 22 |
| 2024 Octubre | 91 | 37 | 128 |
| 2024 Septiembre | 102 | 28 | 130 |
| 2024 Agosto | 139 | 51 | 190 |
| 2024 Julio | 104 | 44 | 148 |
| 2024 Junio | 112 | 41 | 153 |
| 2024 Mayo | 86 | 33 | 119 |
| 2024 Abril | 54 | 26 | 80 |
| 2024 Marzo | 81 | 34 | 115 |
| 2024 Febrero | 67 | 24 | 91 |
| 2024 Enero | 58 | 43 | 101 |
| 2023 Diciembre | 102 | 36 | 138 |
| 2023 Noviembre | 100 | 36 | 136 |
| 2023 Octubre | 82 | 39 | 121 |
| 2023 Septiembre | 66 | 24 | 90 |
| 2023 Agosto | 77 | 30 | 107 |
| 2023 Julio | 103 | 38 | 141 |
| 2023 Junio | 70 | 28 | 98 |
| 2023 Mayo | 69 | 33 | 102 |
| 2023 Abril | 57 | 30 | 87 |
| 2023 Marzo | 50 | 44 | 94 |
| 2023 Febrero | 55 | 30 | 85 |
| 2023 Enero | 63 | 37 | 100 |
| 2022 Diciembre | 56 | 34 | 90 |
| 2022 Noviembre | 57 | 34 | 91 |
| 2022 Octubre | 58 | 42 | 100 |
| 2022 Septiembre | 36 | 34 | 70 |
| 2022 Agosto | 37 | 46 | 83 |
| 2022 Julio | 47 | 41 | 88 |
| 2022 Junio | 36 | 36 | 72 |
| 2022 Mayo | 53 | 29 | 82 |
| 2022 Abril | 60 | 41 | 101 |
| 2022 Marzo | 55 | 57 | 112 |
| 2022 Febrero | 45 | 30 | 75 |
| 2022 Enero | 69 | 48 | 117 |
| 2021 Diciembre | 45 | 33 | 78 |
| 2021 Noviembre | 37 | 42 | 79 |
| 2021 Octubre | 49 | 61 | 110 |
| 2021 Septiembre | 32 | 49 | 81 |
| 2021 Agosto | 40 | 28 | 68 |
| 2021 Julio | 58 | 20 | 78 |
| 2021 Junio | 24 | 38 | 62 |
| 2021 Mayo | 22 | 23 | 45 |
| 2021 Abril | 64 | 63 | 127 |
| 2021 Marzo | 49 | 19 | 68 |
| 2021 Febrero | 43 | 31 | 74 |
| 2021 Enero | 25 | 19 | 44 |
| 2020 Diciembre | 43 | 14 | 57 |
| 2020 Noviembre | 20 | 11 | 31 |
| 2020 Octubre | 33 | 6 | 39 |
| 2020 Septiembre | 46 | 4 | 50 |
| 2020 Agosto | 35 | 21 | 56 |
| 2020 Julio | 25 | 6 | 31 |
| 2020 Junio | 31 | 15 | 46 |
| 2020 Mayo | 29 | 23 | 52 |
| 2020 Abril | 21 | 19 | 40 |
| 2020 Marzo | 26 | 23 | 49 |
| 2020 Febrero | 4 | 10 | 14 |
| 2020 Enero | 4 | 21 | 25 |
| 2019 Diciembre | 4 | 7 | 11 |
| 2019 Noviembre | 4 | 4 | 8 |
| 2019 Octubre | 0 | 1 | 1 |
| 2019 Septiembre | 0 | 1 | 1 |
| 2019 Agosto | 4 | 0 | 4 |
| 2019 Julio | 4 | 3 | 7 |
| 2019 Junio | 4 | 32 | 36 |
| 2019 Mayo | 4 | 39 | 43 |
| 2019 Abril | 2 | 18 | 20 |
| 2019 Marzo | 2 | 10 | 12 |
| 2019 Febrero | 0 | 6 | 6 |
| 2019 Enero | 5 | 0 | 5 |
| 2018 Diciembre | 0 | 6 | 6 |
| 2018 Noviembre | 1 | 1 | 2 |
| 2018 Octubre | 5 | 3 | 8 |
| 2018 Septiembre | 3 | 0 | 3 |
| 2018 Julio | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| 2018 Mayo | 0 | 13 | 13 |
| 2018 Marzo | 1 | 1 | 2 |
| 2018 Febrero | 31 | 2 | 33 |
| 2018 Enero | 34 | 10 | 44 |
| 2017 Diciembre | 39 | 7 | 46 |
| 2017 Noviembre | 35 | 19 | 54 |
| 2017 Octubre | 28 | 4 | 32 |
| 2017 Septiembre | 56 | 18 | 74 |
| 2017 Agosto | 37 | 8 | 45 |
| 2017 Julio | 30 | 8 | 38 |
| 2017 Junio | 52 | 33 | 85 |
| 2017 Mayo | 33 | 15 | 48 |
| 2017 Abril | 21 | 22 | 43 |
| 2017 Marzo | 25 | 36 | 61 |
| 2017 Febrero | 21 | 9 | 30 |
| 2017 Enero | 14 | 9 | 23 |
| 2016 Diciembre | 14 | 10 | 24 |
| 2016 Noviembre | 10 | 11 | 21 |
| 2016 Octubre | 13 | 10 | 23 |
| 2016 Septiembre | 0 | 2 | 2 |
| 2016 Julio | 5 | 1 | 6 |
| 2016 Junio | 9 | 7 | 16 |
| 2016 Mayo | 13 | 3 | 16 |
| 2016 Abril | 7 | 0 | 7 |
| 2016 Marzo | 9 | 0 | 9 |
| 2016 Febrero | 6 | 1 | 7 |
| 2016 Enero | 3 | 1 | 4 |
| 2015 Diciembre | 9 | 1 | 10 |
| 2015 Noviembre | 8 | 0 | 8 |
| 2015 Octubre | 6 | 3 | 9 |
| 2015 Septiembre | 13 | 3 | 16 |
| 2015 Agosto | 10 | 3 | 13 |
| 2015 Julio | 33 | 4 | 37 |
| 2015 Junio | 16 | 0 | 16 |
| 2015 Mayo | 22 | 3 | 25 |
| 2015 Abril | 17 | 4 | 21 |
| 2015 Marzo | 22 | 6 | 28 |
| 2015 Febrero | 39 | 2 | 41 |
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