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En los &#250;ltimos a&#241;os la TFD ha ampliado su espectro terap&#233;utico&#44; que hoy en d&#237;a incluye procesos infecciosos<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0080"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">16&#8211;19</span></a>&#44; dermatosis inflamatorias<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0040"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">8&#44;20&#8211;22</span></a>&#44; enfermedades anexiales<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0115"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">23&#8211;25</span></a>&#44; tumores cut&#225;neos<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0085"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">17&#44;26&#8211;28</span></a> y fotoenvejecimiento<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0040"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">8&#44;29&#8211;31</span></a>&#46; Tambi&#233;n se ha reconocido su potencial como terapia preventiva en casos de dif&#237;cil manejo&#44; como los pacientes trasplantados y el s&#237;ndrome de Gorlin<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0160"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">32&#8211;36</span></a>&#46; Sin embargo la TFD convencional<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0050"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">10</span></a> es laboriosa&#44; requiere equipamiento adecuado&#44; ocupa espacio en el centro donde se realiza y consume tiempo al personal sanitario y al paciente&#46; El procedimiento seg&#250;n el protocolo cl&#225;sico<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0050"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">10</span></a> exige la incubaci&#243;n del fotosensibilizante durante un tiempo determinado &#8212;habitualmente 3 horas para el metil-&#233;ster del &#225;cido 5-aminolevul&#237;nico &#40;MAL&#44; metilaminolevulinato&#41; y 4-6<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>h o m&#225;s en caso de &#225;cido 5-aminolevul&#237;nico &#40;ALA&#41;&#8212; y su posterior iluminaci&#243;n con una fuente de luz adecuada&#46; Las dosis y fuentes de luz m&#225;s utilizadas en Europa son 37<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>J&#47;cm<span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span> &#40;aproximadamente 8<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>min&#41; con Aktilite &#40;Galderma&#44; Lausanne&#44; Switzerland&#41; y 75-100<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>J&#47;cm<span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span> &#40;aproximadamente 20<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>min&#41; con Waldmann PDT1200L &#40;Waldmann GmbH &#38; Co&#46;&#44; Villingen-Schwenningen&#44; Alemania&#41;&#46; Por otra parte&#44; la terapia no est&#225; exenta de efectos secundarios<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0185"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">37&#8211;44</span></a>&#46; El dolor durante la iluminaci&#243;n es el m&#225;s frecuente y limitante de ellos&#44; y en ocasiones puede determinar la interrupci&#243;n de la irradiaci&#243;n o requerir la administraci&#243;n de analgesia o anestesia local o regional<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0225"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">45&#44;46</span></a>&#46;</p><p id="par0010" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Con la intenci&#243;n de optimizar el procedimiento y facilitar el tratamiento ambulatorio de los pacientes se utilizaron fuentes de luz port&#225;tiles<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0235"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">47&#8211;49</span></a> &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0005">fig&#46; 1</a>&#41; y se acu&#241;&#243; el concepto novedoso de &#171;terapia fotodin&#225;mica ambulatoria&#187;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0250"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">50</span></a>&#46; Sin embargo&#44; esta modalidad es costosa y &#250;nicamente &#250;til en el tratamiento de lesiones de peque&#241;o tama&#241;o&#46; Sin duda&#44; la simplificaci&#243;n metodol&#243;gica m&#225;s determinante se ha conseguido en los &#250;ltimos a&#241;os con la introducci&#243;n de la luz de d&#237;a como fuente de iluminaci&#243;n<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0255"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">51&#44;52</span></a>&#46;</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="fig0005"></elsevierMultimedia></span><span id="sec0010" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0030">Terapia fotodin&#225;mica con luz de d&#237;a</span><p id="par0015" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Se entiende por &#171;luz de d&#237;a&#187; la combinaci&#243;n de la luz solar directa y reflejada durante el d&#237;a en el exterior<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0265"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">53</span></a>&#46; Su utilizaci&#243;n como fuente de luz en la TFD ha contribuido sustancialmente a abaratar los costes del procedimiento&#44; a generalizar su realizaci&#243;n y a facilitar su cumplimiento por el paciente&#46;</p><span id="sec0015" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0035">Estudios cl&#237;nicos y publicaciones disponibles &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0005">tabla 1</a>&#41;</span><p id="par0020" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Strasswimmer y Grande sugirieron en el a&#241;o 2006 que la luz ambiental podr&#237;a activar una reacci&#243;n fotodin&#225;mica<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0270"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">54</span></a>&#44; afirmaci&#243;n que fue cuestionada posteriormente por otros autores<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0275"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">55</span></a>&#46; Batchelor et al&#46; fueron los primeros en describir la eficacia y tolerancia de la TFDLD en un paciente de 90 a&#241;os con QA m&#250;ltiples en el cuero cabelludo<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0255"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">51</span></a>&#46; Wiegell et al&#46; &#40;Hospital Bispebjerg&#44; Dinamarca&#41; han publicado desde el a&#241;o 2008 los principales estudios sobre TFDLD disponibles hasta el momento&#44; la mayor&#237;a de ellos centrados en el tratamiento de las QA &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0005">tabla 1</a>&#41;&#46; Inicialmente demostraron en un estudio piloto con 29 pacientes que la TFDLD era tan eficaz como la convencional con LED rojo y mucho menos dolorosa para el tratamiento de las QA<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0260"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">52</span></a>&#46; Sugirieron que la activaci&#243;n progresiva y m&#225;s lenta de peque&#241;as cantidades de fotosensibilizante &#40;en lugar de la activaci&#243;n r&#225;pida de grandes cantidades de protoporfirina <span class="elsevierStyleSmallCaps">ix</span> &#91;Pp<span class="elsevierStyleSmallCaps">ix</span>&#93; formadas en el tejido diana tras varias horas de incubaci&#243;n&#41; podr&#237;a reducir el dolor asociado al tratamiento y que&#44; puesto que la luz roja y la azul forman parte del espectro de la luz de d&#237;a&#44; el empleo de esta como fuente de luz para el tratamiento podr&#237;a resultar eficaz y facilitar&#237;a la terapia&#46; En un estudio posterior comparando la eficacia de la TFDLD empleando MAL al 16 y al 8&#37;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0280"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">56</span></a> no se observaron diferencias en las tasas de respuesta obtenidas en los grados de eritema y dolor producidos con cada una de las concentraciones empleadas&#46; Los autores sugirieron que concentraciones de fotosensibilizante inferiores a las habitualmente utilizadas &#40;MAL 16&#37;&#41; pueden ser efectivas&#46; En 2011 se publicaron los resultados del primer estudio multic&#233;ntrico para evaluar la eficacia de la TFDLD en pacientes con QA no hiperquerat&#243;sicas&#44; en el que se observaron resultados similares tras exposiciones a la luz de d&#237;a de 1&#44;5 y 2&#44;5<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>h de duraci&#243;n<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0285"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">57</span></a>&#46; Los autores recomendaron exposiciones de 2<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>h de duraci&#243;n&#46; Estos &#250;ltimos estudios ratificaron las observaciones del primero en cuanto a la eficacia de la TFDLD en QA no hiperquerat&#243;sicas&#44; aunque la eficacia result&#243; menor en las lesiones con mayor hiperqueratosis<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0290"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">58</span></a>&#46;</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="tbl0005"></elsevierMultimedia><p id="par0025" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Braathen emple&#243; la TFDLD en el &#225;mbito privado para tratar QA en la cara y el cuero cabelludo en un grupo de 18 pacientes<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0295"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">59</span></a>&#44; con resultados similares&#46;</p><p id="par0030" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Recientemente Shumack et al&#46; realizaron en Australia un ensayo cl&#237;nico multic&#233;ntrico&#44; aleatorizado y controlado cuyos resultados se presentaron en el <span class="elsevierStyleSmallCaps">xiii</span> Congreso anual de la Sociedad Europea de Terapia Fotodin&#225;mica &#40;Madrid&#44; 31 de mayo-1 de junio de 2013&#41;&#46; La TFDLD demostr&#243; ser no inferior a la TFD convencional&#44; mejor tolerada por los pacientes y preferida por estos y por los investigadores frente a la TFD convencional&#46; Este estudio confirm&#243; los resultados de las publicaciones previas realizadas en pa&#237;ses n&#243;rdicos<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0260"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">52&#44;56&#8211;58</span></a>&#44; y es el primero realizado en un pa&#237;s con un clima muy diferente al de las investigaciones originales&#46; En el mismo foro cient&#237;fico se presentaron los resultados de otros estudios sobre TFDLD realizados con un menor n&#250;mero de pacientes&#58; 1&#41; Grinblat et al&#46; &#40;Brasil&#41; trataron 14 pacientes con QA I-II utilizando 1-3 sesiones de TFDLD entre las 9 y las 11&#58;30<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>a&#46;m&#46; y un tiempo de iluminaci&#243;n de 60-90<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>min&#46; Observaron mejor&#237;a de las lesiones en la mayor&#237;a de ellos&#59; 2&#41; Venema &#40;Pa&#237;ses Bajos&#41; emple&#243; la TFDLD para tratar a 2 pacientes con queilitis act&#237;nica&#44; con excelentes resultados cl&#237;nicos y cosm&#233;ticos y muy buena tolerancia&#59; 3&#41; Le Pillouer-Prost &#40;Francia&#41; present&#243; los resultados de un estudio con 17 pacientes con QA I-III&#44; 5 de los cuales hab&#237;an sido pretratados con l&#225;ser CO<span class="elsevierStyleInf">2</span> fraccionado&#46; Se realizaron 1-2 sesiones de TFDLD en funci&#243;n del grosor de las lesiones&#44; con resoluci&#243;n de la mayor&#237;a de ellas en el grupo pretratado y en 10 de los 12 pacientes del grupo sin pre-tratamiento&#59; y 4&#41; Enk &#40;Israel&#41; present&#243; los resultados de la TFDLD en 14 pacientes con leishmaniasis cut&#225;nea no ulcerada&#46; Inmediatamente tras la aplicaci&#243;n de MAL los pacientes fueron expuestos a la luz de d&#237;a en el jard&#237;n del hospital durante 2&#44;5<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>h&#46; Realizando tratamientos semanales&#44; con una media de 5 sesiones&#44; obtuvo una tasa de curaci&#243;n del 86&#37;&#44; con m&#237;nima cicatriz residual y sin dolor&#46;</p><p id="par0035" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Las principales conclusiones de los estudios m&#225;s relevantes y las particularidades metodol&#243;gicas de la TFDLD se discuten detalladamente en el documento de consenso de la Sociedad Internacional de Terapia Fotodin&#225;mica en Dermatolog&#237;a<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0265"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">53</span></a>&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0020" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0040">Protocolo de tratamiento<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0265"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">53&#44;57</span></a>&#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0010">tabla 2</a>&#41;</span><p id="par0040" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">El &#250;nico protocolo de tratamiento disponible actualmente ha sido propuesto por Wiegell et al&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0285"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">57</span></a> y se resume en la <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0010">tabla 2</a>&#46; Teniendo en cuenta que esta modalidad de TFD se realiza por el momento fuera de indicaci&#243;n&#44; el paciente deber&#225; ser adecuadamente informado del procedimiento&#44; de los efectos secundarios y de la eficacia del mismo&#44; y deber&#225; firmar el consentimiento informado pertinente&#46; Con el fin de valorar el efecto final se tomar&#225;n fotograf&#237;as basales de las zonas a tratar y podr&#237;a resultar &#250;til contar y mapear las lesiones en el &#225;rea de tratamiento&#46; En algunos casos puede ser recomendable pretratar las zonas afectadas con agentes queratol&#237;ticos t&#243;picos&#46; Una vez el paciente se encuentra ubicado en la sala de tratamiento se proceder&#225; a aplicar sobre todas las superficies fotoexpuestas &#40;incluida la zona de tratamiento&#41; un fotoprotector de factor igual o superior a 20 que no contenga filtros f&#237;sicos o inorg&#225;nicos&#46; El fotoprotector se mantendr&#225; aplicado durante aproximadamente 15<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>min&#44; pasados los cuales se realizar&#225; el curetaje de las lesiones&#46; Posteriormente se aplicar&#225; en la zona afectada una capa homog&#233;nea de MAL<span class="elsevierStyleSup">&#174;</span> crema de aproximadamente 1<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>mm de grosor sin oclusi&#243;n&#46; El paciente deber&#225; iniciar la exposici&#243;n a la luz natural en la media hora siguiente a la aplicaci&#243;n de MAL&#46; Se recomienda que dicha exposici&#243;n se realice durante dos horas&#44;&#44; pasadas las cuales se retirar&#225; el residuo de fotosensibilizante&#44; se limpiar&#225; la zona tratada y se proteger&#225; el &#225;rea de la luz solar durante el resto del d&#237;a&#46; Deben mantenerse medidas estrictas de fotoprotecci&#243;n durante al menos las 48<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>h siguientes al tratamiento&#46;</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="tbl0010"></elsevierMultimedia></span><span id="sec0025" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0045">Cuestiones clave y controversias</span><span id="sec0030" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0050">&#191;Qu&#233; pacientes son susceptibles de recibir terapia fotodin&#225;mica con luz de d&#237;a&#63;</span><p id="par0045" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Los principales candidatos a esta modalidad terap&#233;utica son pacientes colaboradores que presenten QA m&#250;ltiples &#40;preferentemente de grado <span class="elsevierStyleSmallCaps">i</span>-<span class="elsevierStyleSmallCaps">ii</span>&#41;&#47;campo de cancerizaci&#243;n en &#225;reas fotoexpuestas&#44; en quienes la TFD convencional resulta muy dolorosa&#46; Es muy probable que progresivamente esta modalidad de TFD se utilice tambi&#233;n para tratar otro tipo de lesiones cut&#225;neas&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0035" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0055">&#191;Cu&#225;l es la dosis de luz de d&#237;a necesaria para conseguir una activaci&#243;n eficaz de la protoporfirina <span class="elsevierStyleSmallCaps">ix</span>&#63;</span><p id="par0050" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">La dosis de luz eficaz recibida en 2<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>h de exposici&#243;n directa a la luz natural a mediod&#237;a est&#225; muy influenciada por la situaci&#243;n geogr&#225;fica&#44; las condiciones meteorol&#243;gicas y la &#233;poca del a&#241;o<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0300"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">60</span></a>&#46; El umbral de dosis de radiaci&#243;n correspondiente al espectro de excitaci&#243;n de la Pp<span class="elsevierStyleSmallCaps">ix</span> a partir del cual la TFDLD ser&#237;a eficaz para destruir las QA var&#237;a entre los estudios publicados &#40;8&#44; 6&#44; 3&#44;5<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>J&#47;cm<span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span>&#41;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0265"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">53&#44;57&#44;58&#44;60</span></a>&#46; Por el momento y hasta que la dosis eficaz se delimite con mayor precisi&#243;n&#44; se ha aceptado que 8&#47;cm<span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span> es un umbral adecuado para garantizar la eficacia del tratamiento&#46;l<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0300"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">60</span></a>&#46; Empleando modelos meteorol&#243;gicos y mediante la instalaci&#243;n de dos&#237;metros en diversos puntos geogr&#225;ficos se ha establecido la dosis de luz eficaz para excitar la Pp<span class="elsevierStyleSmallCaps">ix</span> en 2<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>h de mediod&#237;a a mitad de cada mes en distintas latitudes<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0265"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">53</span></a>&#46; Seg&#250;n estas determinaciones&#44; en Espa&#241;a se podr&#237;an alcanzar dosis de luz de d&#237;a superiores a 8<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>J&#47;cm<span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span> en cualquier mes y por tanto &#8212;en funci&#243;n de las condiciones meteorol&#243;gicas&#8212; ser&#237;a posible realizar el tratamiento en este intervalo de tiempo durante todo el a&#241;o<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0265"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">53</span></a> &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0015">tabla 3</a>&#41;&#46;</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="tbl0015"></elsevierMultimedia></span><span id="sec0040" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0060">&#191;C&#243;mo debe realizarse la exposici&#243;n a la luz de d&#237;a&#63;</span><p id="par0055" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">El paciente debe exponerse a la luz de d&#237;a en el exterior durante 2<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>h a mediod&#237;a<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0285"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">57</span></a>&#46; Grinblat et al&#46; emplearon tiempos de exposici&#243;n menores &#40;60-90<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>min&#41;&#44; con resultados similares a los observados en los estudios multic&#233;ntricos principales<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0285"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">57&#44;58</span></a>&#46; Considerando que el espectro de excitaci&#243;n de la Pp<span class="elsevierStyleSmallCaps">ix</span> corresponde a la luz visible&#44; que atraviesa el cristal&#44; en el Hospital Molhom &#40;Vejle&#44; Dinamarca<span class="elsevierStyleBold">&#41;</span> se emplean recintos acristalados que aten&#250;an la incomodidad de las inclemencias meteorol&#243;gicas y protegen a los pacientes durante la exposici&#243;n &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0010">fig&#46; 2</a>&#41;&#46;</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="fig0010"></elsevierMultimedia></span><span id="sec0045" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0065">&#191;Cu&#225;l es la &#233;poca del a&#241;o m&#225;s adecuada para realizar la terapia fotodin&#225;mica con luz de d&#237;a&#63;</span><p id="par0060" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">En Espa&#241;a parece posible realizar el tratamiento durante todo el a&#241;o en d&#237;as despejados en la franja horaria de mediod&#237;a<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0265"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">53</span></a>&#46; La temperatura puede ser un factor limitante para realizar el tratamiento&#44; puesto que estudios <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">in vitro</span> y en piel de rat&#243;n han sugerido que temperaturas bajas disminuyen la producci&#243;n de Pp<span class="elsevierStyleSmallCaps">ix</span><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0300"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">60&#8211;62</span></a>&#46; Adem&#225;s estas temperaturas dificultan la permanencia del paciente en el exterior durante la exposici&#243;n&#46; Distintos autores han recomendado un margen t&#233;rmico de 10-35<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#176;C para la TFDLD<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0300"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">60</span></a>&#44; pero cabr&#237;an variaciones en funci&#243;n de las caracter&#237;sticas particulares del paciente y del lugar de exposici&#243;n&#44; y no existen hasta la fecha estudios que demuestren alteraciones en la eficacia del tratamiento m&#225;s all&#225; de estas temperaturas&#46;</p><p id="par0065" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Wiegel et al&#46; observaron una asociaci&#243;n lineal entre el &#237;ndice ultravioleta &#40;UVI&#41; y la dosis de luz excitadora de Pp<span class="elsevierStyleSmallCaps">ix</span> en 2<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>h de exposici&#243;n a mediod&#237;a &#40;11-13<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>h&#41;&#44; de forma que en d&#237;as con un UVI superior a 3&#44; los pacientes recibir&#225;n m&#225;s de 8<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>J&#47;cm<span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span> en ese horario<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0300"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">60</span></a>&#46; Las condiciones meteorol&#243;gicas influyen tambi&#233;n en el tratamiento&#44; puesto que la dosis de luz de d&#237;a eficaz podr&#237;a disminuir aproximadamente un 25&#37; en d&#237;as parcialmente soleados&#44; un 50&#37; en d&#237;as nublados y un 75&#37; en d&#237;as lluviosos<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0265"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">53&#44;60</span></a>&#46; No se ha determinado el tiempo necesario de exposici&#243;n en este tipo de d&#237;as&#44; y en este sentido aunque algunos autores recomiendan evitar la realizaci&#243;n de TFDLD en d&#237;as lluviosos<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0285"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">57</span></a> y en d&#237;as muy nublados&#44; ser&#237;a conveniente objetivar en mayor medida las condiciones meteol&#243;gicas que deben darse para garantizar una dosis m&#237;nima eficaz<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0315"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">63</span></a>&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0050" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0070">&#191;Por qu&#233; es necesario emplear un fotoprotector&#63; &#191;Qu&#233; fotoprotector es adecuado para realizar el tratamiento&#63;</span><p id="par0070" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">La recomendaci&#243;n de fotoprotecci&#243;n tiene como finalidad m&#225;s importante evitar los efectos nocivos de la radiaci&#243;n ultravioleta durante el tiempo de exposici&#243;n a la luz solar&#46; En los estudios realizados se han utilizado fotoprotectores con diferentes factores de protecci&#243;n solar&#58; 20<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0265"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">53&#44;57</span></a>&#44; 15<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0295"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">59</span></a>&#44; 30 &#40;Grinblat&#41; y 50 &#40;LePillouerProst&#41; y se han obtenido tasas similares de resoluci&#243;n de las lesiones&#46; Es fundamental que dicho fotoprotector no contenga filtros inorg&#225;nicos&#44; que adem&#225;s de bloquear la radiaci&#243;n ultravioleta&#44; pueden bloquear la luz visible necesaria para la activaci&#243;n de la Pp<span class="elsevierStyleSmallCaps">ix</span>&#46; La lista de fotoprotectores v&#225;lidos para la realizaci&#243;n de la TFDLD facilitada por el fabricante del fotosensibilizante &#40;Laboratorios Galderma S&#46;A&#46;&#41; incluye actualmente los siguientes productos&#58; Bariesun SPF30&#47;50 crema &#40;Laboratorios Uriage&#41;&#44; Melascreen emulsi&#243;n solar SFP50 &#40;Laboratorios Ducray&#41;&#44; Sun Spray transparente SPF30&#47;50 &#40;Laboratorios Eucerin&#41;&#59; AKN Mat SPF30&#47;UVA13&#44; MAX crema SPF50&#43;&#47;UVA38&#44; AKN Spray SPF30&#47;UVA13 &#40;Laboratorios Bioderma&#41;&#59; Gel transparente SPF30 &#40;Laboratorios Isdin&#41;&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0055" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0075">&#191;Cu&#225;les son las limitaciones de la terapia fotodin&#225;mica con luz de d&#237;a&#63;</span><p id="par0075" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">La TFDLD resulta muy ventajosa para determinados pacientes y para dermat&#243;logos que no dispongan del tiempo ni de la infraestructura para realizar TFD convencional&#46; Sin embargo&#44; presenta tambi&#233;n ciertas limitaciones&#44; como su dif&#237;cil programaci&#243;n a causa de las variaciones meteorol&#243;gicas y el clima de algunas zonas geogr&#225;ficas&#46; En los pa&#237;ses del Norte de Europa la radiaci&#243;n solar insuficiente y las temperaturas demasiado bajas limitan su realizaci&#243;n durante el oto&#241;o-invierno&#46; En pa&#237;ses como el nuestro las condiciones son diferentes&#46; Permanece sin aclarar si una irradiaci&#243;n muy intensa durante 2<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>h podr&#237;a suponer un riesgo a&#241;adido para el paciente&#46; En este sentido&#44; el reciente ensayo cl&#237;nico llevado a cabo en Australia ha mostrado que es posible realizar TFDLD de forma eficaz y segura en pa&#237;ses con elevada insolaci&#243;n&#46; Otro de los inconvenientes es la falta de control riguroso en la parte ambulatoria del procedimiento&#44; puesto que es el propio paciente quien controla la iluminaci&#243;n&#44; sin que a d&#237;a de hoy se sepa hasta qu&#233; punto esta variabilidad puede influir en la eficacia del tratamiento&#46; Por otra parte&#44; la TFDLD parece mostrar menos eficacia que la convencional en QA de grado <span class="elsevierStyleSmallCaps">iii</span>&#44; y por el momento no existen evidencias suficientes que apoyen su uso en otro tipo de lesiones cut&#225;neas&#44; aunque es previsible que en un futuro pr&#243;ximo se conozcan nuevos datos&#46;</p></span></span></span><span id="sec0060" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0080">Nuestra experiencia</span><p id="par0080" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">En el &#250;ltimo a&#241;o los servicios de dermatolog&#237;a de Gerencia de Gesti&#243;n Integrada de Vigo &#40;Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Vigo &#91;CHUVI&#93; y del Hospital San Jorge de Huesca &#91;HSJ&#93;&#41; han empleado la TFDLD en 35 &#40;CHUVI&#41; y 9 &#40;HSJ&#41; pacientes con QA m&#250;ltiples grado <span class="elsevierStyleSmallCaps">i</span>&#44;<span class="elsevierStyleSmallCaps">ii</span> y <span class="elsevierStyleSmallCaps">iii</span>&#47;campo de cancerizaci&#243;n&#46; Las lesiones se localizaban en la cara y&#47;o el cuero cabelludo &#40;CHUVI&#44; HSJ&#41; y las piernas &#40;HSJ&#41;&#46; Se realiz&#243; una sesi&#243;n de TFDLD en la mayor&#237;a de los pacientes y 2 en algunos de ellos &#40;HSJ&#41;&#46; Los resultados observados &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0015">fig&#46; 3</a>&#41; fueron similares a los conseguidos con la TFD convencional en QA grado <span class="elsevierStyleSmallCaps">i</span>-<span class="elsevierStyleSmallCaps">ii</span> e inferiores en QA grado <span class="elsevierStyleSmallCaps">iii</span>&#46; Los principales efectos secundarios tras el tratamiento fueron la inflamaci&#243;n del &#225;rea tratada y la formaci&#243;n de costras&#44; aunque fueron menos intensos de los que habitualmente produce la TFD convencional &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0020">fig&#46; 4</a>&#41;&#46; La iluminaci&#243;n con luz de d&#237;a result&#243; mucho menos dolorosa para los pacientes &#40;dolor 0-3 frente a 6-10 en TFD convencional en los pacientes tratados en CHUVI&#44; escala anal&#243;gica 0-10&#41;&#46; La mayor&#237;a de los pacientes que hab&#237;an recibido con anterioridad sesiones de TFD convencional manifestaron su clara preferencia por la TFDLD&#46; La incorporaci&#243;n de esta modalidad de TFD permiti&#243; agilizar el tratamiento de los pacientes y facilitar la realizaci&#243;n del mismo a todos ellos&#44; particularmente a los residentes fuera del n&#250;cleo urbano &#40;CHUVI&#41;&#46; Adem&#225;s&#44; redujo considerablemente el tiempo invertido por el personal sanitario en la preparaci&#243;n y supervisi&#243;n de la terapia &#40;CHUVI&#41;&#46;</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="fig0015"></elsevierMultimedia><elsevierMultimedia ident="fig0020"></elsevierMultimedia></span><span id="sec0065" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0085">Conclusiones</span><p id="par0085" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">La reciente introducci&#243;n de la TFDLD ha constituido una importante novedad en la terap&#233;utica dermatol&#243;gica&#44; puesto que al mismo tiempo que ha demostrado mantener el est&#225;ndar de eficacia de la TFD convencional en QA&#44; ha simplificado la t&#233;cnica cl&#225;sica y ha mejorado sustancialmente su tolerabilidad&#46; La realizaci&#243;n ambulatoria y su sencillez y comodidad en comparaci&#243;n con la t&#233;cnica convencional han determinado que en muchos casos sea preferida por pacientes y especialistas&#44; aunque su dif&#237;cil programaci&#243;n en funci&#243;n de las condiciones meteorol&#243;gicas en determinadas &#233;pocas del a&#241;o y la p&#233;rdida de control del per&#237;odo de iluminaci&#243;n suponen importantes desventajas&#46; Probablemente su utilizaci&#243;n se extienda de forma progresiva al tratamiento de otras enfermedades cut&#225;neas adem&#225;s de las QA&#44; como ha ocurrido con la TFD convencional en los &#250;ltimos a&#241;os&#46;</p><p id="par0090" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">A pesar de la existencia de una propuesta de protocolo<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0285"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">57</span></a> y un documento de consenso internacional<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0265"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">53</span></a>&#44; existen diversos aspectos de la TFDLD que permanecen sujetos a cierta especulaci&#243;n y que deber&#225;n ser definidos a corto plazo para que la estandarizaci&#243;n del tratamiento sea completa&#46; La obligatoriedad de emplear un fotoprotector&#44; la elecci&#243;n del factor de protecci&#243;n m&#225;s adecuado&#44; la cantidad y concentraci&#243;n id&#243;neas del fotosensibilizante &#40;con o sin oclusi&#243;n&#41;&#44; la dosis eficaz de luz de d&#237;a exacta necesaria para la activaci&#243;n de la Pp<span class="elsevierStyleSmallCaps">ix</span>&#44; el tiempo exacto de exposici&#243;n a la luz natural en distintas franjas horarias y en condiciones meteorol&#243;gicas concretas&#44; el efecto real de la temperatura ambiente en la eficacia de la terapia y la posibilidad de emplear otros fotosensibilizantes adem&#225;s de MAL son algunos de ellos&#46;</p><p id="par0095" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Seg&#250;n los datos disponibles hasta el momento Espa&#241;a re&#250;ne unas condiciones clim&#225;ticas id&#243;neas para la realizaci&#243;n de esta terapia durante todo el a&#241;o&#46; Con el fin de adaptar los protocolos de tratamiento internacionales existentes &#8212;basados en las particularidades de los pa&#237;ses n&#243;rdicos&#8212; a las condiciones reales de nuestro pa&#237;s&#44; un ensayo cl&#237;nico que se est&#225; realizando en diferentes pa&#237;ses europeos&#44; entre ellos Espa&#241;a&#44; cuyos resultados estar&#225;n disponibles pr&#243;ximamente&#44; contribuir&#225; a establecer los par&#225;metros &#243;ptimos para realizar TFDLD en nuestro medio&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0070" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0090">Conflicto de intereses</span><p id="par0100" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">La Dra&#46; Lidia P&#233;rez ha asistido a reuniones nacionales e internacionales sobre terapia fotodin&#225;mica invitada por Laboratorios Galderma S&#46;A y ha participado como ponente en la <span class="elsevierStyleSmallCaps">i</span> Reuni&#243;n Gallega de Terapia Fotodin&#225;mica&#44; organizada por Laboratorios Galderma S&#46;A&#46; La Dra&#46; Yolanda Gilaberte ha percibido honorarios por su colaboraci&#243;n con Laboratorios Galderma S&#46;A&#46; como asesora y ponente en diversas conferencias&#46;</p></span></span>"
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                  "titulo" => "&#191;Cu&#225;l es la &#233;poca del a&#241;o m&#225;s adecuada para realizar la terapia fotodin&#225;mica con luz de d&#237;a&#63;"
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                  "titulo" => "&#191;Cu&#225;les son las limitaciones de la terapia fotodin&#225;mica con luz de d&#237;a&#63;"
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    "fechaRecibido" => "2013-08-16"
    "fechaAceptado" => "2013-10-09"
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            0 => "Terapia fotodin&#225;mica"
            1 => "Terapia fotodin&#225;mica con luz de d&#237;a"
            2 => "Metil&#233;ster del &#225;cido 5-aminolevul&#237;nico"
            3 => "&#193;cido 5-aminolevul&#237;nico"
            4 => "Queratosis act&#237;nicas"
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            0 => "Photodynamic therapy"
            1 => "Daylight-mediated photodynamic therapy"
            2 => "Methylester of 5-aminolevulinic acid"
            3 => "5-aminolevulinic acid"
            4 => "Actinic keratosis"
            5 => "Treatment"
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        "resumen" => "<p id="spar0005" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">La terapia fotodin&#225;mica &#40;TFD&#41; constituye una alternativa terap&#233;utica para las queratosis act&#237;nicas&#44; la enfermedad de Bowen y determinados carcinomas basocelulares&#46; Se utiliza adem&#225;s para el tratamiento de otras enfermedades cut&#225;neas de diversa naturaleza&#44; incluyendo enfermedades inflamatorias e infecciosas&#46; Los principales inconvenientes de la TDF convencional son el tiempo que consume su realizaci&#243;n &#40;al paciente y al personal sanitario&#41; y el dolor que produce&#46; Recientemente se ha descrito la TFD con luz de d&#237;a &#40;TFDLD&#41; como alternativa al procedimiento convencional&#46; En diversos estudios se ha mostrado similar en eficacia y mejor tolerada que la TFD cl&#225;sica en el tratamiento de queratosis act&#237;nicas leves-moderadas&#46; No obstante&#44; la mayor&#237;a de los estudios realizados proceden del norte de Europa&#44; y no existen por ahora resultados en pa&#237;ses de la latitud de Espa&#241;a&#46; El presente art&#237;culo revisa los principales estudios publicados hasta el momento&#44; expone el protocolo de utilizaci&#243;n y resume nuestra experiencia en un grupo de pacientes tratados&#46;</p>"
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        "resumen" => "<p id="spar0010" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Photodynamic therapy &#40;PDT&#41; is an option for the treatment of actinic keratosis&#44; Bowen disease&#44; and certain types of basal cell carcinoma&#46; It is also used to treat various other types of skin condition&#44; including inflammatory and infectious disorders&#46; The main disadvantages of PDT are the time it takes to administer &#40;both for the patient and for health professionals&#41; and the pain associated with treatment&#46; Daylight-mediated PDT has recently been reported to be an alternative to the conventional approach&#46; Several studies have shown it to be similar in efficacy to and better tolerated than classic PDT for the treatment of mild to moderate actinic keratosis&#46; Nevertheless&#44; most of these studies are from northern Europe&#44; and no data have been reported from southern Europe&#46; The present article reviews the main studies published to date&#44; presents the treatment protocol&#44; and summarizes our experience with a group of treated patients&#46;</p>"
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          "es" => "<p id="spar0025" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Tratamiento de QA m&#250;ltiples con TFDLD&#46; Las im&#225;genes de la columna izquierda corresponden al aspecto de las lesiones antes del tratamiento&#59; las im&#225;genes de la columna derecha corresponden al resultado obtenido 3 meses tras una sesi&#243;n de TFDLD &#40;casos 1-3&#58; Gerencia de Gesti&#243;n Integrada de Vigo&#59; Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Vigo&#41;&#44; 8 meses tras una sesi&#243;n de TFDLD y 4 meses tras 2 sesiones de TFDLD &#40;casos 4 y 5 respectivamente&#44; Hospital San Jorge Huesca&#41;&#46;</p>"
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          "leyenda" => "<p id="spar0040" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">A&#58; abril&#59; ADV&#58; Acta Dermato-Venereol&#243;gica&#59; BJD&#58; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">British Journal of Dermatology</span>&#59; CC&#58; cuero cabelludo&#59; FP&#58; fotoprotector&#59; FS&#58; fotosensibilizante&#59; h&#58; horas&#59; min&#58; minutos&#59; Jn&#58; junio&#59; QA&#58; queratosis act&#237;nica&#59; M&#58; mujer&#59; My&#58; mayo&#59; Mz&#58; marzo&#59; NP&#58; datos no publicados&#59; S&#58; septiembre&#59; Tasa de respuesta&#58; n&#250;mero de lesiones con respuesta completa dividido entre el n&#250;mero de lesiones tratadas en cada paciente&#59; TFDC&#58; terapia fotodin&#225;mica convencional&#59; TFDLD&#58; terapia fotodin&#225;mica con luz de d&#237;a&#59; V&#58; var&#243;n&#59; vs&#58; versus&#46;</p>"
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                0 => """
                  <table border="0" frame="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\tvoid\n
                  \t\t\t\t" class=""><thead title="thead"><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Autores&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Wiegell et al&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0260"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">52</span></a>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Wiegell et al&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0280"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">56</span></a>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Wiegell et al&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0285"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">57</span></a>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Wiegell et al&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0290"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">58</span></a>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Braathen<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0295"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">59</span></a>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Shumack et al&#46;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr></thead><tbody title="tbody"><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Revista&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">BJD&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">BJD&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">BJD&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">BJD&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">ADV&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">NP&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">A&#241;o de publicaci&#243;n&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">2008&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">2009&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">2011&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">2012&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">2012&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">2012&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Estudio&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Aleatorizado&#44; controlado&#44; ciego simple&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Aleatorizado&#44; doble ciego&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Aleatorizado&#44; multi&#233;ntrico&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Aleatorizado&#44; multic&#233;ntrico&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Serie de casos retrospectiva&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Multic&#233;ntrico&#44; aleatorizado&#44; ciego&#44; control intrapaciente&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Pa&#237;s&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Dinamarca&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Dinamarca&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">DinamarcaNoruegaSuecia&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">DinamarcaNoruegaSuecia&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Suiza&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Australia&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">N&#46;&#176; de centros participantes&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">1&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">1&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">9&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">9&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">1&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">7&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Objetivo del estudio&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Comparar TFDC empleando LED rojo con TFDLD sin oclusi&#243;n&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Comparar tasas de respuesta y efectos adversos con TFDLD empleando MAL al 8 y al 16&#37;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Comparar la eficacia de MAL-PDT con 1&#44;5 vs 2&#44;5<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>h de luz de d&#237;a&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Evaluar la eficacia de MAL-PDT en QA de diferente severidad&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Evaluar la factibilidad de la TFDLD&#44; cumplimiento y satisfacci&#243;n en el &#225;mbito privado&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Determinar la no inferioridad de la TFDLD y el dolor m&#225;ximo ocasionado&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Meses de tratamiento&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Jn-S 2006&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Jn-S 2007&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Jn-O 2008&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Jn-O 2008&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">A-S 2011&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Mz-My 2012&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Revisi&#243;n de los pacientes&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Tres meses&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Tres meses&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Tres meses&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Tres meses&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Tres meses&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Tres meses&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">N&#46;&#176; de sesiones administradas&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">1&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">1&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">1&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">N&#46;&#176; casos&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">29&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">30&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">120&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">145&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">18&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">100&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Rango de edad &#40;media&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">63-90 &#40;78&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">51-94 &#40;71&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">47-95 &#40;72&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">47-95 &#40;72&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">60-85 &#40;72&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">42-90 &#40;66&#44;9&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Sexo &#40;M&#47;V&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">6&#47;23&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">4&#47;26&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">24&#47;96&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">28&#47;117&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">6&#47;12&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">35&#47;75&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Tipo de QA&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">I&#44; II&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">I&#44; II&#44; III&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">I&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">II&#44; III&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">I&#44; II&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">I&#44; II&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Localizaci&#243;n mayoritaria&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Cara&#44; CC&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Cara&#44; CC&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Cara&#44; CC&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Cara&#44; CC&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Cara&#44; CC&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Cara&#44; CC&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">&#193;rea tratada&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">80<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>cm<span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">80<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>cm<span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">M&#237;nimo 25<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>cm<span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">M&#237;nimo 25<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>cm<span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">1-10<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>QA&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">8-18<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>cm&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">FP empleado&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Ninguno&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">P20 &#40;Riemann &#38; Co&#46; A&#47;S&#44; Hilleroed&#44; Denmark&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">P20&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">P20&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Louis Widmer F15<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>gel&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Fotoprotector de factor 30&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Tiempo de FP previo al FS&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">-&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">15<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>min&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">15<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>min&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">15<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>min&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">5-15<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>min&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">-&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">FS&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">MAL 16&#37;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">MAL 16&#37;&#44; MAL 8&#37;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">MAL 16&#37;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">MAL16&#37;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">MAL 16&#37;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">MAL 16&#37;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Cantidad&#47;capa de FS por &#225;rea tradata&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">1<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>g&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">1<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>g&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">&#171;Capa gruesa&#187;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Capa de 1<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>mm&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Capa de 0&#44;5-1<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>mm&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">No precisada&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Incubaci&#243;n del FS&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">30<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>min en lado TFDLD&#59; 3<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>h en lado TFDC&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Retraso de 0-120<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>min en iniciar exposici&#243;n solar&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Igual o inferior a 30<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>min&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Igual o inferior a 30<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>min&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">30<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>min&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Igual o inferior a 30<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>min&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Oclusi&#243;n del FS&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">S&#237;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">No&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">No&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">No&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">No&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">No&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Horas de exposici&#243;n&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">-&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">11-18<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>h&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">8-18&#58;30<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>h&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">-&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">11-16<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>h&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">9-18<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>h&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Duraci&#243;n recomendada de exposici&#243;n&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">2&#44;5<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>h&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Resto del d&#237;a&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">1&#44;5<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>h vs 2&#44;5<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>h&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">1&#44;5 vs 2&#44;5<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>h&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">90<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>min si d&#237;a soleado&#59; 120<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>min si parcialmente soleado o nublado&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">2<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>h&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Dosis de luz&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">La dosis de luz eficaz total durante la exposici&#243;n fue 34&#44;2<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>J&#47;cm2 &#40;rango 11&#44;7-65&#44;9<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>J&#47;cm2&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Dosis de luz efectiva media fue de 30&#44;1<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>J&#47;cm<span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span> &#40;rango 1&#44;2-69&#44;8&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Dosis de luz efectiva media 1&#44;5<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>h&#58;8&#44;6<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Jcm<span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span> 2&#44;5<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>h<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>10&#44;2&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">100 pacientes recibieron &#62;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>3&#44;5<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>J&#47;cm<span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span>&#59; 37 pacientes recibieron &#60;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>3&#44;5<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>J&#47;cm<span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">-&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">-&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Condiciones meteorol&#243;gicas&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Soleado&#47;parcialmente soleado&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Tres pacientes expuestos en d&#237;as nublados y lluviosos&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Soleado&#47;parcialmente soleado &#40;83&#37;&#41;&#59; lluvioso o nublado &#40;17&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Soleado&#47;parcialmente soleado&#59; lluvioso o nublado&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">&#62;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>12<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#176;C&#44; d&#237;as no lluviosos&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Soleado&#47;parcialmente soleado&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Resultados a los 3 meses&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">79&#37; de reducci&#243;n de QA en el &#225;rea tratada&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">76&#44;9&#37; de reducci&#243;n en el n&#250;mero de QA &#40;MAL 16&#37;&#41;&#59; 79&#44;5&#37; &#40;MAL 8&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Tasa de respuesta media&#58; 1&#44;5<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>h&#58; 77&#44;2&#37;2&#44;5<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>h&#58; 74&#44;6&#37;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Tasa de respuesta media&#58; QAI&#58; 75&#44;9&#37;QA<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>II&#58; 61&#44;2&#37;QA<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>III&#58; 49&#44;1&#37;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Tasa de respuesta media 77&#37; &#40;rango 0-100&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Porcentaje de reducci&#243;n de QA&#58; 82&#37;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Dolor &#40;escala 0-10&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">2<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>1&#44;9&#44; media de dolor m&#225;ximo&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">3&#44;7<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>2&#44;4&#58; 16&#37;3&#44;6<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>2&#44;4&#58; 8&#37;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">92&#37;&#58; 0-17&#44;5&#37;&#58; 4-70&#44;8&#37;&#58; 8-10&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">-&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Un paciente 5&#47;10&#59; resto 0&#47;10&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">0&#44;8 de media&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Otros efectos adversos&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Eritema&#44; costras&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Eritema&#44; costras&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Eritema &#40;74&#37;&#41; p&#250;stulas &#40;29&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">-&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Eritema&#44; edema&#44; costras&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">-&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr></tbody></table>
                  """
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          "es" => "<p id="spar0035" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Resumen de las caracter&#237;sticas y resultados de los principales estudios de TFD con luz de d&#237;a realizados hasta el momento en queratosis act&#237;nicas</p>"
        ]
      ]
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        "tabla" => array:3 [
          "leyenda" => "<p id="spar0050" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">TFDLD&#58; terapia fotodin&#225;mica con luz de d&#237;a&#59; FPS&#58; factor de protecci&#243;n solar&#59; QA&#58; queratosis act&#237;nicas&#46;</p><p id="spar0055" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Modificada de Wiegell et al&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0285"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">57</span></a></p>"
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            0 => array:2 [
              "tabla" => array:1 [
                0 => """
                  <table border="0" frame="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\tvoid\n
                  \t\t\t\t" class=""><thead title="thead"><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " colspan="4" align="center" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Terapia fotodin&#225;mica con luz de d&#237;a&#46; Protocolo de tratamiento</td></tr></thead><tbody title="tbody"><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Pacientes candidatos&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " colspan="3" align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">QA m&#250;ltiples&#47;campo de cancerizaci&#243;n en zonas fotoexpuestas</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Per&#237;odo de tratamiento&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " colspan="3" align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Todo el a&#241;o en Espa&#241;a<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0265"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">53</span></a>Abril a octubre en pa&#237;ses n&#243;rdicos<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0285"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">57</span></a></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Condiciones meteorol&#243;gicas&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " colspan="3" align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Evitar en d&#237;as lluviosos<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0285"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">57</span></a> o muy nublados<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0315"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">63</span></a></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Procedimiento&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">En hospital&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Aplicaci&#243;n de un fotoprotector con FPS igual o superior a 15 en la zona a exponer&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">15<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>min&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Curetaje de las lesiones&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Aplicaci&#243;n de Fotosensibilizante &#40;MAL&#41; &#40;sin oclusi&#243;n&#41; en la zona a tratar<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tblfn0005"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">a</span></a>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Extrahospitalario&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Exposici&#243;n a la luz natural&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">2<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>h&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Retirada de los restos de Fotosensibilizante&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Fotoprotecci&#243;n estricta&#58; 48<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>h&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">N&#46;&#176; de sesiones&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " colspan="3" align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">QA&#58; una session&#46; En otro tipo de lesiones el n&#250;mero de sesiones puede variar</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Seguimiento&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " colspan="3" align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Recomendable&#58; revisi&#243;n o contacto telef&#243;nico a las 24-48<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>h del tratamiento para valorar el estado del paciente&#46; Valoraci&#243;n de los resultados obtenidos a las 12 semanas del tratamiento</td></tr></tbody></table>
                  """
              ]
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                0 => "xTab559672.png"
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            0 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "tblfn0005"
              "etiqueta" => "a"
              "nota" => "<p class="elsevierStyleNotepara" id="npar0005">El espesor adecuado de la capa de fotosensibilizante no se ha definido con exactitud hasta la fecha&#46; La recomendaci&#243;n seg&#250;n ficha t&#233;cnica es una capa de 1<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>mm&#44; sin embargo Wulf et al&#46; han realizado estudios empleando capas m&#225;s finas sin observar p&#233;rdida de eficacia &#40;Wulf HC&#44; comunicaci&#243;n personal en el <span class="elsevierStyleSmallCaps">xiii</span> Congreso anual de la Sociedad Europea de Terapia Fotodin&#225;mica &#91;Madrid&#44; 31 de mayo-1 de junio de 2013&#93;&#41;&#46;</p>"
            ]
          ]
        ]
        "descripcion" => array:1 [
          "es" => "<p id="spar0045" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Protocolo de tratamiento con TFD con luz de d&#237;a</p>"
        ]
      ]
      6 => array:7 [
        "identificador" => "tbl0015"
        "etiqueta" => "Tabla 3"
        "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIATABLA"
        "mostrarFloat" => true
        "mostrarDisplay" => false
        "tabla" => array:2 [
          "leyenda" => "<p id="spar0065" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Espa&#241;a se encuentra entre las latitudes 36&#176; &#40;punta de Tarifa&#41; y 43&#176; 47&#8242; &#40;Estaca de Bares&#41;&#44; latitud Norte&#46; Los meses se representan de forma num&#233;rica &#40;enero&#58; 1-diciembre&#58; 12&#41;&#46;</p><p id="spar0070" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Modificada de Wiegell et al&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0265"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">53</span></a>&#46;</p>"
          "tablatextoimagen" => array:1 [
            0 => array:2 [
              "tabla" => array:1 [
                0 => """
                  <table border="0" frame="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\tvoid\n
                  \t\t\t\t" class=""><thead title="thead"><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Latitud&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " colspan="12" align="center" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Dosis de luz eficaz en 2<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>h de exposici&#243;n a la luz de d&#237;a en un d&#237;a despejado &#40;J&#47;cm<span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span>&#41;</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " colspan="12" align="center" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Meses</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">1&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">2&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">3&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">4&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">5&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">6&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">7&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">8&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">9&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">10&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
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Novedades en Dermatología
Terapia fotodinámica con luz de día en España: ventajas y limitaciones
Daylight-Mediated Photodynamic Therapy in Spain: Advantages and Disadvantages
L. Pérez-Péreza,b,
Autor para correspondencia
lperez@pgdermatologos.com

Autor para correspondencia.
, J. García-Gavína,b, Y. Gilabertec
a Servicio de Dermatología, Gerencia de Gestión Integrada de Vigo, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Vigo, Vigo, España
b Clínica Pérez & Gavín Dermatólogos, Vigo, España
c Servicio de Dermatología, Hospital de San Jorge, Huesca, España
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    "textoCompleto" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSections"><span id="sec0005" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0025">Introducci&#243;n</span><p id="par0005" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">La terapia fotodin&#225;mica &#40;TFD&#41; se ha consolidado en la &#250;ltima d&#233;cada como una alternativa terap&#233;utica para las queratosis act&#237;nicas &#40;QA&#41;&#44; la enfermedad de Bowen y determinados tipos de carcinoma basocelular &#40;CBC&#41;&#44; con elevada eficacia y muy buen resultado cosm&#233;tico<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0005"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">1&#8211;5</span></a>&#46; Actualmente se incluye en las gu&#237;as cl&#237;nicas de tratamiento del c&#225;ncer de piel no melanoma<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0005"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">1&#44;4&#44;6&#8211;10</span></a> y se considera un tratamiento de primera elecci&#243;n para las queratosis act&#237;nicas m&#250;ltiples y el campo de cancerizaci&#243;n<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0020"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">4&#44;11&#8211;15</span></a>&#46; En los &#250;ltimos a&#241;os la TFD ha ampliado su espectro terap&#233;utico&#44; que hoy en d&#237;a incluye procesos infecciosos<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0080"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">16&#8211;19</span></a>&#44; dermatosis inflamatorias<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0040"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">8&#44;20&#8211;22</span></a>&#44; enfermedades anexiales<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0115"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">23&#8211;25</span></a>&#44; tumores cut&#225;neos<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0085"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">17&#44;26&#8211;28</span></a> y fotoenvejecimiento<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0040"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">8&#44;29&#8211;31</span></a>&#46; Tambi&#233;n se ha reconocido su potencial como terapia preventiva en casos de dif&#237;cil manejo&#44; como los pacientes trasplantados y el s&#237;ndrome de Gorlin<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0160"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">32&#8211;36</span></a>&#46; Sin embargo la TFD convencional<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0050"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">10</span></a> es laboriosa&#44; requiere equipamiento adecuado&#44; ocupa espacio en el centro donde se realiza y consume tiempo al personal sanitario y al paciente&#46; El procedimiento seg&#250;n el protocolo cl&#225;sico<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0050"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">10</span></a> exige la incubaci&#243;n del fotosensibilizante durante un tiempo determinado &#8212;habitualmente 3 horas para el metil-&#233;ster del &#225;cido 5-aminolevul&#237;nico &#40;MAL&#44; metilaminolevulinato&#41; y 4-6<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>h o m&#225;s en caso de &#225;cido 5-aminolevul&#237;nico &#40;ALA&#41;&#8212; y su posterior iluminaci&#243;n con una fuente de luz adecuada&#46; Las dosis y fuentes de luz m&#225;s utilizadas en Europa son 37<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>J&#47;cm<span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span> &#40;aproximadamente 8<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>min&#41; con Aktilite &#40;Galderma&#44; Lausanne&#44; Switzerland&#41; y 75-100<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>J&#47;cm<span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span> &#40;aproximadamente 20<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>min&#41; con Waldmann PDT1200L &#40;Waldmann GmbH &#38; Co&#46;&#44; Villingen-Schwenningen&#44; Alemania&#41;&#46; Por otra parte&#44; la terapia no est&#225; exenta de efectos secundarios<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0185"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">37&#8211;44</span></a>&#46; El dolor durante la iluminaci&#243;n es el m&#225;s frecuente y limitante de ellos&#44; y en ocasiones puede determinar la interrupci&#243;n de la irradiaci&#243;n o requerir la administraci&#243;n de analgesia o anestesia local o regional<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0225"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">45&#44;46</span></a>&#46;</p><p id="par0010" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Con la intenci&#243;n de optimizar el procedimiento y facilitar el tratamiento ambulatorio de los pacientes se utilizaron fuentes de luz port&#225;tiles<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0235"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">47&#8211;49</span></a> &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0005">fig&#46; 1</a>&#41; y se acu&#241;&#243; el concepto novedoso de &#171;terapia fotodin&#225;mica ambulatoria&#187;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0250"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">50</span></a>&#46; Sin embargo&#44; esta modalidad es costosa y &#250;nicamente &#250;til en el tratamiento de lesiones de peque&#241;o tama&#241;o&#46; Sin duda&#44; la simplificaci&#243;n metodol&#243;gica m&#225;s determinante se ha conseguido en los &#250;ltimos a&#241;os con la introducci&#243;n de la luz de d&#237;a como fuente de iluminaci&#243;n<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0255"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">51&#44;52</span></a>&#46;</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="fig0005"></elsevierMultimedia></span><span id="sec0010" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0030">Terapia fotodin&#225;mica con luz de d&#237;a</span><p id="par0015" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Se entiende por &#171;luz de d&#237;a&#187; la combinaci&#243;n de la luz solar directa y reflejada durante el d&#237;a en el exterior<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0265"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">53</span></a>&#46; Su utilizaci&#243;n como fuente de luz en la TFD ha contribuido sustancialmente a abaratar los costes del procedimiento&#44; a generalizar su realizaci&#243;n y a facilitar su cumplimiento por el paciente&#46;</p><span id="sec0015" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0035">Estudios cl&#237;nicos y publicaciones disponibles &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0005">tabla 1</a>&#41;</span><p id="par0020" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Strasswimmer y Grande sugirieron en el a&#241;o 2006 que la luz ambiental podr&#237;a activar una reacci&#243;n fotodin&#225;mica<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0270"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">54</span></a>&#44; afirmaci&#243;n que fue cuestionada posteriormente por otros autores<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0275"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">55</span></a>&#46; Batchelor et al&#46; fueron los primeros en describir la eficacia y tolerancia de la TFDLD en un paciente de 90 a&#241;os con QA m&#250;ltiples en el cuero cabelludo<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0255"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">51</span></a>&#46; Wiegell et al&#46; &#40;Hospital Bispebjerg&#44; Dinamarca&#41; han publicado desde el a&#241;o 2008 los principales estudios sobre TFDLD disponibles hasta el momento&#44; la mayor&#237;a de ellos centrados en el tratamiento de las QA &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0005">tabla 1</a>&#41;&#46; Inicialmente demostraron en un estudio piloto con 29 pacientes que la TFDLD era tan eficaz como la convencional con LED rojo y mucho menos dolorosa para el tratamiento de las QA<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0260"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">52</span></a>&#46; Sugirieron que la activaci&#243;n progresiva y m&#225;s lenta de peque&#241;as cantidades de fotosensibilizante &#40;en lugar de la activaci&#243;n r&#225;pida de grandes cantidades de protoporfirina <span class="elsevierStyleSmallCaps">ix</span> &#91;Pp<span class="elsevierStyleSmallCaps">ix</span>&#93; formadas en el tejido diana tras varias horas de incubaci&#243;n&#41; podr&#237;a reducir el dolor asociado al tratamiento y que&#44; puesto que la luz roja y la azul forman parte del espectro de la luz de d&#237;a&#44; el empleo de esta como fuente de luz para el tratamiento podr&#237;a resultar eficaz y facilitar&#237;a la terapia&#46; En un estudio posterior comparando la eficacia de la TFDLD empleando MAL al 16 y al 8&#37;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0280"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">56</span></a> no se observaron diferencias en las tasas de respuesta obtenidas en los grados de eritema y dolor producidos con cada una de las concentraciones empleadas&#46; Los autores sugirieron que concentraciones de fotosensibilizante inferiores a las habitualmente utilizadas &#40;MAL 16&#37;&#41; pueden ser efectivas&#46; En 2011 se publicaron los resultados del primer estudio multic&#233;ntrico para evaluar la eficacia de la TFDLD en pacientes con QA no hiperquerat&#243;sicas&#44; en el que se observaron resultados similares tras exposiciones a la luz de d&#237;a de 1&#44;5 y 2&#44;5<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>h de duraci&#243;n<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0285"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">57</span></a>&#46; Los autores recomendaron exposiciones de 2<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>h de duraci&#243;n&#46; Estos &#250;ltimos estudios ratificaron las observaciones del primero en cuanto a la eficacia de la TFDLD en QA no hiperquerat&#243;sicas&#44; aunque la eficacia result&#243; menor en las lesiones con mayor hiperqueratosis<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0290"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">58</span></a>&#46;</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="tbl0005"></elsevierMultimedia><p id="par0025" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Braathen emple&#243; la TFDLD en el &#225;mbito privado para tratar QA en la cara y el cuero cabelludo en un grupo de 18 pacientes<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0295"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">59</span></a>&#44; con resultados similares&#46;</p><p id="par0030" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Recientemente Shumack et al&#46; realizaron en Australia un ensayo cl&#237;nico multic&#233;ntrico&#44; aleatorizado y controlado cuyos resultados se presentaron en el <span class="elsevierStyleSmallCaps">xiii</span> Congreso anual de la Sociedad Europea de Terapia Fotodin&#225;mica &#40;Madrid&#44; 31 de mayo-1 de junio de 2013&#41;&#46; La TFDLD demostr&#243; ser no inferior a la TFD convencional&#44; mejor tolerada por los pacientes y preferida por estos y por los investigadores frente a la TFD convencional&#46; Este estudio confirm&#243; los resultados de las publicaciones previas realizadas en pa&#237;ses n&#243;rdicos<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0260"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">52&#44;56&#8211;58</span></a>&#44; y es el primero realizado en un pa&#237;s con un clima muy diferente al de las investigaciones originales&#46; En el mismo foro cient&#237;fico se presentaron los resultados de otros estudios sobre TFDLD realizados con un menor n&#250;mero de pacientes&#58; 1&#41; Grinblat et al&#46; &#40;Brasil&#41; trataron 14 pacientes con QA I-II utilizando 1-3 sesiones de TFDLD entre las 9 y las 11&#58;30<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>a&#46;m&#46; y un tiempo de iluminaci&#243;n de 60-90<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>min&#46; Observaron mejor&#237;a de las lesiones en la mayor&#237;a de ellos&#59; 2&#41; Venema &#40;Pa&#237;ses Bajos&#41; emple&#243; la TFDLD para tratar a 2 pacientes con queilitis act&#237;nica&#44; con excelentes resultados cl&#237;nicos y cosm&#233;ticos y muy buena tolerancia&#59; 3&#41; Le Pillouer-Prost &#40;Francia&#41; present&#243; los resultados de un estudio con 17 pacientes con QA I-III&#44; 5 de los cuales hab&#237;an sido pretratados con l&#225;ser CO<span class="elsevierStyleInf">2</span> fraccionado&#46; Se realizaron 1-2 sesiones de TFDLD en funci&#243;n del grosor de las lesiones&#44; con resoluci&#243;n de la mayor&#237;a de ellas en el grupo pretratado y en 10 de los 12 pacientes del grupo sin pre-tratamiento&#59; y 4&#41; Enk &#40;Israel&#41; present&#243; los resultados de la TFDLD en 14 pacientes con leishmaniasis cut&#225;nea no ulcerada&#46; Inmediatamente tras la aplicaci&#243;n de MAL los pacientes fueron expuestos a la luz de d&#237;a en el jard&#237;n del hospital durante 2&#44;5<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>h&#46; Realizando tratamientos semanales&#44; con una media de 5 sesiones&#44; obtuvo una tasa de curaci&#243;n del 86&#37;&#44; con m&#237;nima cicatriz residual y sin dolor&#46;</p><p id="par0035" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Las principales conclusiones de los estudios m&#225;s relevantes y las particularidades metodol&#243;gicas de la TFDLD se discuten detalladamente en el documento de consenso de la Sociedad Internacional de Terapia Fotodin&#225;mica en Dermatolog&#237;a<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0265"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">53</span></a>&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0020" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0040">Protocolo de tratamiento<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0265"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">53&#44;57</span></a>&#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0010">tabla 2</a>&#41;</span><p id="par0040" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">El &#250;nico protocolo de tratamiento disponible actualmente ha sido propuesto por Wiegell et al&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0285"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">57</span></a> y se resume en la <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0010">tabla 2</a>&#46; Teniendo en cuenta que esta modalidad de TFD se realiza por el momento fuera de indicaci&#243;n&#44; el paciente deber&#225; ser adecuadamente informado del procedimiento&#44; de los efectos secundarios y de la eficacia del mismo&#44; y deber&#225; firmar el consentimiento informado pertinente&#46; Con el fin de valorar el efecto final se tomar&#225;n fotograf&#237;as basales de las zonas a tratar y podr&#237;a resultar &#250;til contar y mapear las lesiones en el &#225;rea de tratamiento&#46; En algunos casos puede ser recomendable pretratar las zonas afectadas con agentes queratol&#237;ticos t&#243;picos&#46; Una vez el paciente se encuentra ubicado en la sala de tratamiento se proceder&#225; a aplicar sobre todas las superficies fotoexpuestas &#40;incluida la zona de tratamiento&#41; un fotoprotector de factor igual o superior a 20 que no contenga filtros f&#237;sicos o inorg&#225;nicos&#46; El fotoprotector se mantendr&#225; aplicado durante aproximadamente 15<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>min&#44; pasados los cuales se realizar&#225; el curetaje de las lesiones&#46; Posteriormente se aplicar&#225; en la zona afectada una capa homog&#233;nea de MAL<span class="elsevierStyleSup">&#174;</span> crema de aproximadamente 1<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>mm de grosor sin oclusi&#243;n&#46; El paciente deber&#225; iniciar la exposici&#243;n a la luz natural en la media hora siguiente a la aplicaci&#243;n de MAL&#46; Se recomienda que dicha exposici&#243;n se realice durante dos horas&#44;&#44; pasadas las cuales se retirar&#225; el residuo de fotosensibilizante&#44; se limpiar&#225; la zona tratada y se proteger&#225; el &#225;rea de la luz solar durante el resto del d&#237;a&#46; Deben mantenerse medidas estrictas de fotoprotecci&#243;n durante al menos las 48<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>h siguientes al tratamiento&#46;</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="tbl0010"></elsevierMultimedia></span><span id="sec0025" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0045">Cuestiones clave y controversias</span><span id="sec0030" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0050">&#191;Qu&#233; pacientes son susceptibles de recibir terapia fotodin&#225;mica con luz de d&#237;a&#63;</span><p id="par0045" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Los principales candidatos a esta modalidad terap&#233;utica son pacientes colaboradores que presenten QA m&#250;ltiples &#40;preferentemente de grado <span class="elsevierStyleSmallCaps">i</span>-<span class="elsevierStyleSmallCaps">ii</span>&#41;&#47;campo de cancerizaci&#243;n en &#225;reas fotoexpuestas&#44; en quienes la TFD convencional resulta muy dolorosa&#46; Es muy probable que progresivamente esta modalidad de TFD se utilice tambi&#233;n para tratar otro tipo de lesiones cut&#225;neas&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0035" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0055">&#191;Cu&#225;l es la dosis de luz de d&#237;a necesaria para conseguir una activaci&#243;n eficaz de la protoporfirina <span class="elsevierStyleSmallCaps">ix</span>&#63;</span><p id="par0050" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">La dosis de luz eficaz recibida en 2<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>h de exposici&#243;n directa a la luz natural a mediod&#237;a est&#225; muy influenciada por la situaci&#243;n geogr&#225;fica&#44; las condiciones meteorol&#243;gicas y la &#233;poca del a&#241;o<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0300"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">60</span></a>&#46; El umbral de dosis de radiaci&#243;n correspondiente al espectro de excitaci&#243;n de la Pp<span class="elsevierStyleSmallCaps">ix</span> a partir del cual la TFDLD ser&#237;a eficaz para destruir las QA var&#237;a entre los estudios publicados &#40;8&#44; 6&#44; 3&#44;5<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>J&#47;cm<span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span>&#41;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0265"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">53&#44;57&#44;58&#44;60</span></a>&#46; Por el momento y hasta que la dosis eficaz se delimite con mayor precisi&#243;n&#44; se ha aceptado que 8&#47;cm<span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span> es un umbral adecuado para garantizar la eficacia del tratamiento&#46;l<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0300"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">60</span></a>&#46; Empleando modelos meteorol&#243;gicos y mediante la instalaci&#243;n de dos&#237;metros en diversos puntos geogr&#225;ficos se ha establecido la dosis de luz eficaz para excitar la Pp<span class="elsevierStyleSmallCaps">ix</span> en 2<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>h de mediod&#237;a a mitad de cada mes en distintas latitudes<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0265"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">53</span></a>&#46; Seg&#250;n estas determinaciones&#44; en Espa&#241;a se podr&#237;an alcanzar dosis de luz de d&#237;a superiores a 8<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>J&#47;cm<span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span> en cualquier mes y por tanto &#8212;en funci&#243;n de las condiciones meteorol&#243;gicas&#8212; ser&#237;a posible realizar el tratamiento en este intervalo de tiempo durante todo el a&#241;o<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0265"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">53</span></a> &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0015">tabla 3</a>&#41;&#46;</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="tbl0015"></elsevierMultimedia></span><span id="sec0040" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0060">&#191;C&#243;mo debe realizarse la exposici&#243;n a la luz de d&#237;a&#63;</span><p id="par0055" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">El paciente debe exponerse a la luz de d&#237;a en el exterior durante 2<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>h a mediod&#237;a<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0285"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">57</span></a>&#46; Grinblat et al&#46; emplearon tiempos de exposici&#243;n menores &#40;60-90<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>min&#41;&#44; con resultados similares a los observados en los estudios multic&#233;ntricos principales<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0285"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">57&#44;58</span></a>&#46; Considerando que el espectro de excitaci&#243;n de la Pp<span class="elsevierStyleSmallCaps">ix</span> corresponde a la luz visible&#44; que atraviesa el cristal&#44; en el Hospital Molhom &#40;Vejle&#44; Dinamarca<span class="elsevierStyleBold">&#41;</span> se emplean recintos acristalados que aten&#250;an la incomodidad de las inclemencias meteorol&#243;gicas y protegen a los pacientes durante la exposici&#243;n &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0010">fig&#46; 2</a>&#41;&#46;</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="fig0010"></elsevierMultimedia></span><span id="sec0045" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0065">&#191;Cu&#225;l es la &#233;poca del a&#241;o m&#225;s adecuada para realizar la terapia fotodin&#225;mica con luz de d&#237;a&#63;</span><p id="par0060" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">En Espa&#241;a parece posible realizar el tratamiento durante todo el a&#241;o en d&#237;as despejados en la franja horaria de mediod&#237;a<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0265"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">53</span></a>&#46; La temperatura puede ser un factor limitante para realizar el tratamiento&#44; puesto que estudios <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">in vitro</span> y en piel de rat&#243;n han sugerido que temperaturas bajas disminuyen la producci&#243;n de Pp<span class="elsevierStyleSmallCaps">ix</span><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0300"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">60&#8211;62</span></a>&#46; Adem&#225;s estas temperaturas dificultan la permanencia del paciente en el exterior durante la exposici&#243;n&#46; Distintos autores han recomendado un margen t&#233;rmico de 10-35<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#176;C para la TFDLD<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0300"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">60</span></a>&#44; pero cabr&#237;an variaciones en funci&#243;n de las caracter&#237;sticas particulares del paciente y del lugar de exposici&#243;n&#44; y no existen hasta la fecha estudios que demuestren alteraciones en la eficacia del tratamiento m&#225;s all&#225; de estas temperaturas&#46;</p><p id="par0065" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Wiegel et al&#46; observaron una asociaci&#243;n lineal entre el &#237;ndice ultravioleta &#40;UVI&#41; y la dosis de luz excitadora de Pp<span class="elsevierStyleSmallCaps">ix</span> en 2<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>h de exposici&#243;n a mediod&#237;a &#40;11-13<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>h&#41;&#44; de forma que en d&#237;as con un UVI superior a 3&#44; los pacientes recibir&#225;n m&#225;s de 8<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>J&#47;cm<span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span> en ese horario<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0300"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">60</span></a>&#46; Las condiciones meteorol&#243;gicas influyen tambi&#233;n en el tratamiento&#44; puesto que la dosis de luz de d&#237;a eficaz podr&#237;a disminuir aproximadamente un 25&#37; en d&#237;as parcialmente soleados&#44; un 50&#37; en d&#237;as nublados y un 75&#37; en d&#237;as lluviosos<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0265"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">53&#44;60</span></a>&#46; No se ha determinado el tiempo necesario de exposici&#243;n en este tipo de d&#237;as&#44; y en este sentido aunque algunos autores recomiendan evitar la realizaci&#243;n de TFDLD en d&#237;as lluviosos<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0285"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">57</span></a> y en d&#237;as muy nublados&#44; ser&#237;a conveniente objetivar en mayor medida las condiciones meteol&#243;gicas que deben darse para garantizar una dosis m&#237;nima eficaz<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0315"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">63</span></a>&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0050" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0070">&#191;Por qu&#233; es necesario emplear un fotoprotector&#63; &#191;Qu&#233; fotoprotector es adecuado para realizar el tratamiento&#63;</span><p id="par0070" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">La recomendaci&#243;n de fotoprotecci&#243;n tiene como finalidad m&#225;s importante evitar los efectos nocivos de la radiaci&#243;n ultravioleta durante el tiempo de exposici&#243;n a la luz solar&#46; En los estudios realizados se han utilizado fotoprotectores con diferentes factores de protecci&#243;n solar&#58; 20<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0265"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">53&#44;57</span></a>&#44; 15<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0295"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">59</span></a>&#44; 30 &#40;Grinblat&#41; y 50 &#40;LePillouerProst&#41; y se han obtenido tasas similares de resoluci&#243;n de las lesiones&#46; Es fundamental que dicho fotoprotector no contenga filtros inorg&#225;nicos&#44; que adem&#225;s de bloquear la radiaci&#243;n ultravioleta&#44; pueden bloquear la luz visible necesaria para la activaci&#243;n de la Pp<span class="elsevierStyleSmallCaps">ix</span>&#46; La lista de fotoprotectores v&#225;lidos para la realizaci&#243;n de la TFDLD facilitada por el fabricante del fotosensibilizante &#40;Laboratorios Galderma S&#46;A&#46;&#41; incluye actualmente los siguientes productos&#58; Bariesun SPF30&#47;50 crema &#40;Laboratorios Uriage&#41;&#44; Melascreen emulsi&#243;n solar SFP50 &#40;Laboratorios Ducray&#41;&#44; Sun Spray transparente SPF30&#47;50 &#40;Laboratorios Eucerin&#41;&#59; AKN Mat SPF30&#47;UVA13&#44; MAX crema SPF50&#43;&#47;UVA38&#44; AKN Spray SPF30&#47;UVA13 &#40;Laboratorios Bioderma&#41;&#59; Gel transparente SPF30 &#40;Laboratorios Isdin&#41;&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0055" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0075">&#191;Cu&#225;les son las limitaciones de la terapia fotodin&#225;mica con luz de d&#237;a&#63;</span><p id="par0075" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">La TFDLD resulta muy ventajosa para determinados pacientes y para dermat&#243;logos que no dispongan del tiempo ni de la infraestructura para realizar TFD convencional&#46; Sin embargo&#44; presenta tambi&#233;n ciertas limitaciones&#44; como su dif&#237;cil programaci&#243;n a causa de las variaciones meteorol&#243;gicas y el clima de algunas zonas geogr&#225;ficas&#46; En los pa&#237;ses del Norte de Europa la radiaci&#243;n solar insuficiente y las temperaturas demasiado bajas limitan su realizaci&#243;n durante el oto&#241;o-invierno&#46; En pa&#237;ses como el nuestro las condiciones son diferentes&#46; Permanece sin aclarar si una irradiaci&#243;n muy intensa durante 2<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>h podr&#237;a suponer un riesgo a&#241;adido para el paciente&#46; En este sentido&#44; el reciente ensayo cl&#237;nico llevado a cabo en Australia ha mostrado que es posible realizar TFDLD de forma eficaz y segura en pa&#237;ses con elevada insolaci&#243;n&#46; Otro de los inconvenientes es la falta de control riguroso en la parte ambulatoria del procedimiento&#44; puesto que es el propio paciente quien controla la iluminaci&#243;n&#44; sin que a d&#237;a de hoy se sepa hasta qu&#233; punto esta variabilidad puede influir en la eficacia del tratamiento&#46; Por otra parte&#44; la TFDLD parece mostrar menos eficacia que la convencional en QA de grado <span class="elsevierStyleSmallCaps">iii</span>&#44; y por el momento no existen evidencias suficientes que apoyen su uso en otro tipo de lesiones cut&#225;neas&#44; aunque es previsible que en un futuro pr&#243;ximo se conozcan nuevos datos&#46;</p></span></span></span><span id="sec0060" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0080">Nuestra experiencia</span><p id="par0080" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">En el &#250;ltimo a&#241;o los servicios de dermatolog&#237;a de Gerencia de Gesti&#243;n Integrada de Vigo &#40;Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Vigo &#91;CHUVI&#93; y del Hospital San Jorge de Huesca &#91;HSJ&#93;&#41; han empleado la TFDLD en 35 &#40;CHUVI&#41; y 9 &#40;HSJ&#41; pacientes con QA m&#250;ltiples grado <span class="elsevierStyleSmallCaps">i</span>&#44;<span class="elsevierStyleSmallCaps">ii</span> y <span class="elsevierStyleSmallCaps">iii</span>&#47;campo de cancerizaci&#243;n&#46; Las lesiones se localizaban en la cara y&#47;o el cuero cabelludo &#40;CHUVI&#44; HSJ&#41; y las piernas &#40;HSJ&#41;&#46; Se realiz&#243; una sesi&#243;n de TFDLD en la mayor&#237;a de los pacientes y 2 en algunos de ellos &#40;HSJ&#41;&#46; Los resultados observados &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0015">fig&#46; 3</a>&#41; fueron similares a los conseguidos con la TFD convencional en QA grado <span class="elsevierStyleSmallCaps">i</span>-<span class="elsevierStyleSmallCaps">ii</span> e inferiores en QA grado <span class="elsevierStyleSmallCaps">iii</span>&#46; Los principales efectos secundarios tras el tratamiento fueron la inflamaci&#243;n del &#225;rea tratada y la formaci&#243;n de costras&#44; aunque fueron menos intensos de los que habitualmente produce la TFD convencional &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0020">fig&#46; 4</a>&#41;&#46; La iluminaci&#243;n con luz de d&#237;a result&#243; mucho menos dolorosa para los pacientes &#40;dolor 0-3 frente a 6-10 en TFD convencional en los pacientes tratados en CHUVI&#44; escala anal&#243;gica 0-10&#41;&#46; La mayor&#237;a de los pacientes que hab&#237;an recibido con anterioridad sesiones de TFD convencional manifestaron su clara preferencia por la TFDLD&#46; La incorporaci&#243;n de esta modalidad de TFD permiti&#243; agilizar el tratamiento de los pacientes y facilitar la realizaci&#243;n del mismo a todos ellos&#44; particularmente a los residentes fuera del n&#250;cleo urbano &#40;CHUVI&#41;&#46; Adem&#225;s&#44; redujo considerablemente el tiempo invertido por el personal sanitario en la preparaci&#243;n y supervisi&#243;n de la terapia &#40;CHUVI&#41;&#46;</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="fig0015"></elsevierMultimedia><elsevierMultimedia ident="fig0020"></elsevierMultimedia></span><span id="sec0065" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0085">Conclusiones</span><p id="par0085" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">La reciente introducci&#243;n de la TFDLD ha constituido una importante novedad en la terap&#233;utica dermatol&#243;gica&#44; puesto que al mismo tiempo que ha demostrado mantener el est&#225;ndar de eficacia de la TFD convencional en QA&#44; ha simplificado la t&#233;cnica cl&#225;sica y ha mejorado sustancialmente su tolerabilidad&#46; La realizaci&#243;n ambulatoria y su sencillez y comodidad en comparaci&#243;n con la t&#233;cnica convencional han determinado que en muchos casos sea preferida por pacientes y especialistas&#44; aunque su dif&#237;cil programaci&#243;n en funci&#243;n de las condiciones meteorol&#243;gicas en determinadas &#233;pocas del a&#241;o y la p&#233;rdida de control del per&#237;odo de iluminaci&#243;n suponen importantes desventajas&#46; Probablemente su utilizaci&#243;n se extienda de forma progresiva al tratamiento de otras enfermedades cut&#225;neas adem&#225;s de las QA&#44; como ha ocurrido con la TFD convencional en los &#250;ltimos a&#241;os&#46;</p><p id="par0090" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">A pesar de la existencia de una propuesta de protocolo<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0285"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">57</span></a> y un documento de consenso internacional<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0265"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">53</span></a>&#44; existen diversos aspectos de la TFDLD que permanecen sujetos a cierta especulaci&#243;n y que deber&#225;n ser definidos a corto plazo para que la estandarizaci&#243;n del tratamiento sea completa&#46; La obligatoriedad de emplear un fotoprotector&#44; la elecci&#243;n del factor de protecci&#243;n m&#225;s adecuado&#44; la cantidad y concentraci&#243;n id&#243;neas del fotosensibilizante &#40;con o sin oclusi&#243;n&#41;&#44; la dosis eficaz de luz de d&#237;a exacta necesaria para la activaci&#243;n de la Pp<span class="elsevierStyleSmallCaps">ix</span>&#44; el tiempo exacto de exposici&#243;n a la luz natural en distintas franjas horarias y en condiciones meteorol&#243;gicas concretas&#44; el efecto real de la temperatura ambiente en la eficacia de la terapia y la posibilidad de emplear otros fotosensibilizantes adem&#225;s de MAL son algunos de ellos&#46;</p><p id="par0095" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Seg&#250;n los datos disponibles hasta el momento Espa&#241;a re&#250;ne unas condiciones clim&#225;ticas id&#243;neas para la realizaci&#243;n de esta terapia durante todo el a&#241;o&#46; Con el fin de adaptar los protocolos de tratamiento internacionales existentes &#8212;basados en las particularidades de los pa&#237;ses n&#243;rdicos&#8212; a las condiciones reales de nuestro pa&#237;s&#44; un ensayo cl&#237;nico que se est&#225; realizando en diferentes pa&#237;ses europeos&#44; entre ellos Espa&#241;a&#44; cuyos resultados estar&#225;n disponibles pr&#243;ximamente&#44; contribuir&#225; a establecer los par&#225;metros &#243;ptimos para realizar TFDLD en nuestro medio&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0070" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0090">Conflicto de intereses</span><p id="par0100" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">La Dra&#46; Lidia P&#233;rez ha asistido a reuniones nacionales e internacionales sobre terapia fotodin&#225;mica invitada por Laboratorios Galderma S&#46;A y ha participado como ponente en la <span class="elsevierStyleSmallCaps">i</span> Reuni&#243;n Gallega de Terapia Fotodin&#225;mica&#44; organizada por Laboratorios Galderma S&#46;A&#46; La Dra&#46; Yolanda Gilaberte ha percibido honorarios por su colaboraci&#243;n con Laboratorios Galderma S&#46;A&#46; como asesora y ponente en diversas conferencias&#46;</p></span></span>"
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          "titulo" => "Terapia fotodin&#225;mica con luz de d&#237;a"
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                  "titulo" => "&#191;C&#243;mo debe realizarse la exposici&#243;n a la luz de d&#237;a&#63;"
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                  "titulo" => "&#191;Cu&#225;l es la &#233;poca del a&#241;o m&#225;s adecuada para realizar la terapia fotodin&#225;mica con luz de d&#237;a&#63;"
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                  "titulo" => "&#191;Cu&#225;les son las limitaciones de la terapia fotodin&#225;mica con luz de d&#237;a&#63;"
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    "fechaRecibido" => "2013-08-16"
    "fechaAceptado" => "2013-10-09"
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            0 => "Terapia fotodin&#225;mica"
            1 => "Terapia fotodin&#225;mica con luz de d&#237;a"
            2 => "Metil&#233;ster del &#225;cido 5-aminolevul&#237;nico"
            3 => "&#193;cido 5-aminolevul&#237;nico"
            4 => "Queratosis act&#237;nicas"
            5 => "Tratamiento"
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            0 => "Photodynamic therapy"
            1 => "Daylight-mediated photodynamic therapy"
            2 => "Methylester of 5-aminolevulinic acid"
            3 => "5-aminolevulinic acid"
            4 => "Actinic keratosis"
            5 => "Treatment"
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        "resumen" => "<p id="spar0005" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">La terapia fotodin&#225;mica &#40;TFD&#41; constituye una alternativa terap&#233;utica para las queratosis act&#237;nicas&#44; la enfermedad de Bowen y determinados carcinomas basocelulares&#46; Se utiliza adem&#225;s para el tratamiento de otras enfermedades cut&#225;neas de diversa naturaleza&#44; incluyendo enfermedades inflamatorias e infecciosas&#46; Los principales inconvenientes de la TDF convencional son el tiempo que consume su realizaci&#243;n &#40;al paciente y al personal sanitario&#41; y el dolor que produce&#46; Recientemente se ha descrito la TFD con luz de d&#237;a &#40;TFDLD&#41; como alternativa al procedimiento convencional&#46; En diversos estudios se ha mostrado similar en eficacia y mejor tolerada que la TFD cl&#225;sica en el tratamiento de queratosis act&#237;nicas leves-moderadas&#46; No obstante&#44; la mayor&#237;a de los estudios realizados proceden del norte de Europa&#44; y no existen por ahora resultados en pa&#237;ses de la latitud de Espa&#241;a&#46; El presente art&#237;culo revisa los principales estudios publicados hasta el momento&#44; expone el protocolo de utilizaci&#243;n y resume nuestra experiencia en un grupo de pacientes tratados&#46;</p>"
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        "resumen" => "<p id="spar0010" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Photodynamic therapy &#40;PDT&#41; is an option for the treatment of actinic keratosis&#44; Bowen disease&#44; and certain types of basal cell carcinoma&#46; It is also used to treat various other types of skin condition&#44; including inflammatory and infectious disorders&#46; The main disadvantages of PDT are the time it takes to administer &#40;both for the patient and for health professionals&#41; and the pain associated with treatment&#46; Daylight-mediated PDT has recently been reported to be an alternative to the conventional approach&#46; Several studies have shown it to be similar in efficacy to and better tolerated than classic PDT for the treatment of mild to moderate actinic keratosis&#46; Nevertheless&#44; most of these studies are from northern Europe&#44; and no data have been reported from southern Europe&#46; The present article reviews the main studies published to date&#44; presents the treatment protocol&#44; and summarizes our experience with a group of treated patients&#46;</p>"
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          "es" => "<p id="spar0020" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">&#171;Green house&#187; de cristal&#44; empleada para la realizaci&#243;n de TFD en el Hospital Molhom&#59; Vejle&#44; Dinamarca&#46; Imagen cortes&#237;a del Dr&#46; Peter Bjerring&#46;</p>"
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          "es" => "<p id="spar0025" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Tratamiento de QA m&#250;ltiples con TFDLD&#46; Las im&#225;genes de la columna izquierda corresponden al aspecto de las lesiones antes del tratamiento&#59; las im&#225;genes de la columna derecha corresponden al resultado obtenido 3 meses tras una sesi&#243;n de TFDLD &#40;casos 1-3&#58; Gerencia de Gesti&#243;n Integrada de Vigo&#59; Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Vigo&#41;&#44; 8 meses tras una sesi&#243;n de TFDLD y 4 meses tras 2 sesiones de TFDLD &#40;casos 4 y 5 respectivamente&#44; Hospital San Jorge Huesca&#41;&#46;</p>"
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        "etiqueta" => "Tabla 1"
        "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIATABLA"
        "mostrarFloat" => true
        "mostrarDisplay" => false
        "tabla" => array:2 [
          "leyenda" => "<p id="spar0040" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">A&#58; abril&#59; ADV&#58; Acta Dermato-Venereol&#243;gica&#59; BJD&#58; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">British Journal of Dermatology</span>&#59; CC&#58; cuero cabelludo&#59; FP&#58; fotoprotector&#59; FS&#58; fotosensibilizante&#59; h&#58; horas&#59; min&#58; minutos&#59; Jn&#58; junio&#59; QA&#58; queratosis act&#237;nica&#59; M&#58; mujer&#59; My&#58; mayo&#59; Mz&#58; marzo&#59; NP&#58; datos no publicados&#59; S&#58; septiembre&#59; Tasa de respuesta&#58; n&#250;mero de lesiones con respuesta completa dividido entre el n&#250;mero de lesiones tratadas en cada paciente&#59; TFDC&#58; terapia fotodin&#225;mica convencional&#59; TFDLD&#58; terapia fotodin&#225;mica con luz de d&#237;a&#59; V&#58; var&#243;n&#59; vs&#58; versus&#46;</p>"
          "tablatextoimagen" => array:1 [
            0 => array:2 [
              "tabla" => array:1 [
                0 => """
                  <table border="0" frame="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\tvoid\n
                  \t\t\t\t" class=""><thead title="thead"><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Autores&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Wiegell et al&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0260"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">52</span></a>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Wiegell et al&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0280"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">56</span></a>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Wiegell et al&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0285"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">57</span></a>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Wiegell et al&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0290"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">58</span></a>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Braathen<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0295"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">59</span></a>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Shumack et al&#46;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr></thead><tbody title="tbody"><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Revista&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">BJD&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">BJD&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">BJD&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">BJD&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">ADV&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">NP&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">A&#241;o de publicaci&#243;n&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">2008&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">2009&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">2011&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">2012&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">2012&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">2012&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Estudio&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Aleatorizado&#44; controlado&#44; ciego simple&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Aleatorizado&#44; doble ciego&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Aleatorizado&#44; multi&#233;ntrico&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Aleatorizado&#44; multic&#233;ntrico&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Serie de casos retrospectiva&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Multic&#233;ntrico&#44; aleatorizado&#44; ciego&#44; control intrapaciente&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Pa&#237;s&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Dinamarca&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Dinamarca&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">DinamarcaNoruegaSuecia&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">DinamarcaNoruegaSuecia&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Suiza&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Australia&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">N&#46;&#176; de centros participantes&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">1&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">1&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">9&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">9&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">1&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">7&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Objetivo del estudio&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Comparar TFDC empleando LED rojo con TFDLD sin oclusi&#243;n&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Comparar tasas de respuesta y efectos adversos con TFDLD empleando MAL al 8 y al 16&#37;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Comparar la eficacia de MAL-PDT con 1&#44;5 vs 2&#44;5<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>h de luz de d&#237;a&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Evaluar la eficacia de MAL-PDT en QA de diferente severidad&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Evaluar la factibilidad de la TFDLD&#44; cumplimiento y satisfacci&#243;n en el &#225;mbito privado&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Determinar la no inferioridad de la TFDLD y el dolor m&#225;ximo ocasionado&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Meses de tratamiento&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Jn-S 2006&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Jn-S 2007&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Jn-O 2008&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Jn-O 2008&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">A-S 2011&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Mz-My 2012&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Revisi&#243;n de los pacientes&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Tres meses&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Tres meses&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Tres meses&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Tres meses&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Tres meses&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Tres meses&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">N&#46;&#176; de sesiones administradas&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">1&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">1&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">N&#46;&#176; casos&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">120&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">100&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Rango de edad &#40;media&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">63-90 &#40;78&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">51-94 &#40;71&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">47-95 &#40;72&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">47-95 &#40;72&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">60-85 &#40;72&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">42-90 &#40;66&#44;9&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Sexo &#40;M&#47;V&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">6&#47;23&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">4&#47;26&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">24&#47;96&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">28&#47;117&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">6&#47;12&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">35&#47;75&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Tipo de QA&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">I&#44; II&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">I&#44; II&#44; III&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">I&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">II&#44; III&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">I&#44; II&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">I&#44; II&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Localizaci&#243;n mayoritaria&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Cara&#44; CC&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Cara&#44; CC&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Cara&#44; CC&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Cara&#44; CC&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Cara&#44; CC&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Cara&#44; CC&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">&#193;rea tratada&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">80<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>cm<span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">80<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>cm<span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">M&#237;nimo 25<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>cm<span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">M&#237;nimo 25<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>cm<span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">1-10<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>QA&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">8-18<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>cm&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">FP empleado&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Ninguno&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">P20 &#40;Riemann &#38; Co&#46; A&#47;S&#44; Hilleroed&#44; Denmark&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">P20&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">P20&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Louis Widmer F15<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>gel&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Fotoprotector de factor 30&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Tiempo de FP previo al FS&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">-&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">15<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>min&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">15<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>min&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">15<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>min&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">5-15<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>min&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">-&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">FS&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">MAL 16&#37;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">MAL 16&#37;&#44; MAL 8&#37;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">MAL 16&#37;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">MAL16&#37;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">MAL 16&#37;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">MAL 16&#37;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Cantidad&#47;capa de FS por &#225;rea tradata&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">1<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>g&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">1<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>g&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">&#171;Capa gruesa&#187;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Capa de 1<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>mm&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Capa de 0&#44;5-1<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>mm&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">No precisada&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Incubaci&#243;n del FS&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">30<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>min en lado TFDLD&#59; 3<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>h en lado TFDC&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Retraso de 0-120<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>min en iniciar exposici&#243;n solar&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Igual o inferior a 30<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>min&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Igual o inferior a 30<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>min&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">30<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>min&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Igual o inferior a 30<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>min&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Oclusi&#243;n del FS&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">S&#237;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">No&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">No&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">No&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">No&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">No&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Horas de exposici&#243;n&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">-&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">11-18<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>h&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">8-18&#58;30<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>h&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">-&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">11-16<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>h&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">9-18<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>h&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Duraci&#243;n recomendada de exposici&#243;n&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">2&#44;5<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>h&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Resto del d&#237;a&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">1&#44;5<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>h vs 2&#44;5<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>h&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">1&#44;5 vs 2&#44;5<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>h&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">90<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>min si d&#237;a soleado&#59; 120<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>min si parcialmente soleado o nublado&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">2<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>h&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Dosis de luz&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">La dosis de luz eficaz total durante la exposici&#243;n fue 34&#44;2<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>J&#47;cm2 &#40;rango 11&#44;7-65&#44;9<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>J&#47;cm2&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Dosis de luz efectiva media fue de 30&#44;1<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>J&#47;cm<span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span> &#40;rango 1&#44;2-69&#44;8&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Dosis de luz efectiva media 1&#44;5<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>h&#58;8&#44;6<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Jcm<span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span> 2&#44;5<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>h<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>10&#44;2&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">100 pacientes recibieron &#62;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>3&#44;5<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>J&#47;cm<span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span>&#59; 37 pacientes recibieron &#60;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>3&#44;5<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>J&#47;cm<span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">-&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">-&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Condiciones meteorol&#243;gicas&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Soleado&#47;parcialmente soleado&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Tres pacientes expuestos en d&#237;as nublados y lluviosos&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Soleado&#47;parcialmente soleado &#40;83&#37;&#41;&#59; lluvioso o nublado &#40;17&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Soleado&#47;parcialmente soleado&#59; lluvioso o nublado&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">&#62;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>12<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#176;C&#44; d&#237;as no lluviosos&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Soleado&#47;parcialmente soleado&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Resultados a los 3 meses&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">79&#37; de reducci&#243;n de QA en el &#225;rea tratada&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">76&#44;9&#37; de reducci&#243;n en el n&#250;mero de QA &#40;MAL 16&#37;&#41;&#59; 79&#44;5&#37; &#40;MAL 8&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Tasa de respuesta media&#58; 1&#44;5<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>h&#58; 77&#44;2&#37;2&#44;5<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>h&#58; 74&#44;6&#37;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Tasa de respuesta media&#58; QAI&#58; 75&#44;9&#37;QA<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>II&#58; 61&#44;2&#37;QA<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>III&#58; 49&#44;1&#37;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Tasa de respuesta media 77&#37; &#40;rango 0-100&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Porcentaje de reducci&#243;n de QA&#58; 82&#37;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Dolor &#40;escala 0-10&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">2<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>1&#44;9&#44; media de dolor m&#225;ximo&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">3&#44;7<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>2&#44;4&#58; 16&#37;3&#44;6<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>2&#44;4&#58; 8&#37;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">92&#37;&#58; 0-17&#44;5&#37;&#58; 4-70&#44;8&#37;&#58; 8-10&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">-&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Un paciente 5&#47;10&#59; resto 0&#47;10&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">0&#44;8 de media&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Otros efectos adversos&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Eritema&#44; costras&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Eritema&#44; costras&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Eritema &#40;74&#37;&#41; p&#250;stulas &#40;29&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">-&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Eritema&#44; edema&#44; costras&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">-&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr></tbody></table>
                  """
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          "es" => "<p id="spar0035" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Resumen de las caracter&#237;sticas y resultados de los principales estudios de TFD con luz de d&#237;a realizados hasta el momento en queratosis act&#237;nicas</p>"
        ]
      ]
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        "tabla" => array:3 [
          "leyenda" => "<p id="spar0050" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">TFDLD&#58; terapia fotodin&#225;mica con luz de d&#237;a&#59; FPS&#58; factor de protecci&#243;n solar&#59; QA&#58; queratosis act&#237;nicas&#46;</p><p id="spar0055" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Modificada de Wiegell et al&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0285"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">57</span></a></p>"
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              "tabla" => array:1 [
                0 => """
                  <table border="0" frame="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\tvoid\n
                  \t\t\t\t" class=""><thead title="thead"><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " colspan="4" align="center" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Terapia fotodin&#225;mica con luz de d&#237;a&#46; Protocolo de tratamiento</td></tr></thead><tbody title="tbody"><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Pacientes candidatos&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " colspan="3" align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">QA m&#250;ltiples&#47;campo de cancerizaci&#243;n en zonas fotoexpuestas</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Per&#237;odo de tratamiento&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " colspan="3" align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Todo el a&#241;o en Espa&#241;a<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0265"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">53</span></a>Abril a octubre en pa&#237;ses n&#243;rdicos<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0285"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">57</span></a></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Condiciones meteorol&#243;gicas&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " colspan="3" align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Evitar en d&#237;as lluviosos<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0285"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">57</span></a> o muy nublados<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0315"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">63</span></a></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Procedimiento&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">En hospital&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Aplicaci&#243;n de un fotoprotector con FPS igual o superior a 15 en la zona a exponer&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">15<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>min&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Curetaje de las lesiones&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Aplicaci&#243;n de Fotosensibilizante &#40;MAL&#41; &#40;sin oclusi&#243;n&#41; en la zona a tratar<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tblfn0005"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">a</span></a>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Extrahospitalario&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Exposici&#243;n a la luz natural&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">2<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>h&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Retirada de los restos de Fotosensibilizante&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Fotoprotecci&#243;n estricta&#58; 48<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>h&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">N&#46;&#176; de sesiones&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " colspan="3" align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">QA&#58; una session&#46; En otro tipo de lesiones el n&#250;mero de sesiones puede variar</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Seguimiento&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " colspan="3" align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Recomendable&#58; revisi&#243;n o contacto telef&#243;nico a las 24-48<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>h del tratamiento para valorar el estado del paciente&#46; Valoraci&#243;n de los resultados obtenidos a las 12 semanas del tratamiento</td></tr></tbody></table>
                  """
              ]
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                0 => "xTab559672.png"
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            0 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "tblfn0005"
              "etiqueta" => "a"
              "nota" => "<p class="elsevierStyleNotepara" id="npar0005">El espesor adecuado de la capa de fotosensibilizante no se ha definido con exactitud hasta la fecha&#46; La recomendaci&#243;n seg&#250;n ficha t&#233;cnica es una capa de 1<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>mm&#44; sin embargo Wulf et al&#46; han realizado estudios empleando capas m&#225;s finas sin observar p&#233;rdida de eficacia &#40;Wulf HC&#44; comunicaci&#243;n personal en el <span class="elsevierStyleSmallCaps">xiii</span> Congreso anual de la Sociedad Europea de Terapia Fotodin&#225;mica &#91;Madrid&#44; 31 de mayo-1 de junio de 2013&#93;&#41;&#46;</p>"
            ]
          ]
        ]
        "descripcion" => array:1 [
          "es" => "<p id="spar0045" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Protocolo de tratamiento con TFD con luz de d&#237;a</p>"
        ]
      ]
      6 => array:7 [
        "identificador" => "tbl0015"
        "etiqueta" => "Tabla 3"
        "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIATABLA"
        "mostrarFloat" => true
        "mostrarDisplay" => false
        "tabla" => array:2 [
          "leyenda" => "<p id="spar0065" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Espa&#241;a se encuentra entre las latitudes 36&#176; &#40;punta de Tarifa&#41; y 43&#176; 47&#8242; &#40;Estaca de Bares&#41;&#44; latitud Norte&#46; Los meses se representan de forma num&#233;rica &#40;enero&#58; 1-diciembre&#58; 12&#41;&#46;</p><p id="spar0070" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Modificada de Wiegell et al&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0265"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">53</span></a>&#46;</p>"
          "tablatextoimagen" => array:1 [
            0 => array:2 [
              "tabla" => array:1 [
                0 => """
                  <table border="0" frame="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\tvoid\n
                  \t\t\t\t" class=""><thead title="thead"><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Latitud&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " colspan="12" align="center" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Dosis de luz eficaz en 2<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>h de exposici&#243;n a la luz de d&#237;a en un d&#237;a despejado &#40;J&#47;cm<span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span>&#41;</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " colspan="12" align="center" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Meses</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">1&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">2&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">3&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">4&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">5&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">6&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">7&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">8&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">9&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">10&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
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Información del artículo
ISSN: 00017310
Idioma original: Español
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