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Vol. 102. Núm. 1.
Páginas 8-18 (enero - febrero 2011)
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Vol. 102. Núm. 1.
Páginas 8-18 (enero - febrero 2011)
Review
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Contact Dermatitis in Children − A Review of Current Opinions
Dermatitis por contacto en Pediatría: revisión de opiniones actuales
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6659
M.P. Castanedo-Tardana, C. Matizb, S.E. Jacobb,
Autor para correspondencia
sjacob@contactderm.net

Corresponding author.
a Section of Dermatology, Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, NH, United States
b Division of Pediatric Dermatology, Rady Children's Hospital – UCSD, San Diego, CA, United States
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Abstract

In the not so distant past, in the United States contact dermatitis was considered to be a condition that affected mainly adults. The diagnosis was certainly less often rendered in pediatrics, mainly because it was believed that a child's immune system was immature and that children were generally exposed to fewer allergens. With this in mind, we can attribute the low prevalence formerly reported for this disease partly to the fact that most affected children were not (and are still not) evaluated using appropriate skin tests. Patch testing in children requires certain modifications, but the international literature of the last decade and US data published in the past year indicate that contact dermatitis is a common condition in the pediatric population and that the prevalence is similar in children and adults.

Keywords:
Allergic contact dermatitis
Children
Patch test
Resumen

En un pasado no muy distante, en los Estados Unidos de América se consideraba la dermatitis por contacto una entidad que afectaba principalmente a la población adulta. Este diagnóstico era distintivamente menos habitual entre niños, comparado con adultos, principalmente debido a la creencia de que en los niños, el sistema inmune era inmaduro y que en general estaban expuestos a una menor cantidad de alérgenos. Con esto en mente, la baja prevalencia comunicada en el pasado se debe también en parte a que la mayoría de los niños afectados no fueron, y aún no son, apropiadamente evaluados por medio de pruebas epicutáneas. Mientras que la prueba del parche en niños requiere ciertas modificaciones de la técnica, la información internacional de la última década, y los datos estadounidenses comunicados en el último año, indican que la dermatitis por contacto en la población pediátrica es una condición común e igualmente prevalente en niños que en adultos.

Palabras clave:
Dermatitis de contacto alérgica
Niños
Prueba del parche
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