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RF-Itraconazole Pulse Therapy for Seborrheic Dermatitis: A Treatment Approach to Consider
FR-Pulsos de itraconazol en dermatitis seborreica. Una opción terapéutica a tener en cuenta
V. Fatsini-Blanch
Corresponding author
vanesafatsini@gmail.com

Corresponding author.
, M.I. Martínez-González, S. Heras-González, A. de Quintana-Sancho
Servicio de Dermatología, Hospital Universitario Araba, Vitoria-Gasteiz, Araba, Spain
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    "textoCompleto" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSections"><p id="par0005" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">In our routine clinical practice&#44; seborrheic dermatitis &#40;SD&#41; is a common reason for seeking care&#46; The prevalence of this condition is as high as 5&#37; of the adult population&#46; SD is a chronic and recurrent disease&#46; It is common to see patients who have SD outbreaks with a certain degree of regularity&#44; despite the availability of suitable topical treatment&#46; As a general rule&#44; oral treatment is reserved for more severe or resistant cases&#46;</p><p id="par0010" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Gupta et al&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0030"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">1</span></a> conducted a systematic review of the oral treatments described for SD&#46; The study included 21 publications that encompassed a diverse range of treatments&#44; including 8 different oral medications&#46; Most of the studies described the use of antifungal agents&#46; Itraconazole was the most frequently used drug&#44; because of the role of colonization by <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Malassezia</span> species in the pathogenesis of SD&#46;</p><p id="par0015" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Notable studies include those by Kose et al&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0035"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span></a> and Baysal et al&#46;&#44;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0040"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">3</span></a> who initially administered itraconazole at a dose of 200<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>mg&#47;d for 7 days followed by pulses of itraconazole at a dose of 200<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>mg on the first 2 days of each month&#44; with follow-up at 3 and 12 months&#44; respectively&#46; In both studies&#44; statistically significant clinical improvement was obtained&#46; However&#44; in a study by Shemer et al&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0045"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">4</span></a> the maintenance therapy was a single dose of 200<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>mg itraconazole every 2 weeks&#44; and significant improvement in the parameters of erythema&#44; scaling&#44; and pruritus was achieved&#46; However&#44; the quality of the scientific methodology of these studies is generally low and they do not include control groups or double-blind protocols&#46;</p><p id="par0020" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">It was not until the year 2015 that a randomized&#44; double-blind clinical trial was carried out in 68 patients with moderate to severe SD&#46; All patients in the study applied 1&#37; hydrocortisone cream and 2&#37; ketoconazole and were subsequently randomly assigned to a placebo group or a group that received oral itraconazole at a dose of 200<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>mg&#47;d for 7 days in the first phase&#44; followed by pulse therapy at a dose of 200<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>mg&#47;d on the first 2 days of each month &#40;400<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>mg&#47;mo&#41; for the following 3 months in the second phase&#46; A statistically significant decrease in the Seborrheic Dermatitis Area and Severity Index &#40;SDASI&#41; was found in the itraconazole group&#44; as well as a lower recurrence rate&#46; Clinical improvement was observed in 93&#46;8&#37;&#44; 87&#46;5&#37;&#44; and 93&#46;1&#37; of the patients treated with itraconazole at 2&#44; 4&#44; and 16 weeks&#44; respectively&#44; versus 82&#46;1&#37;&#44; 64&#46;3&#37;&#44; and 53&#46;6&#37; of patients in the placebo group&#46; The treatment was well tolerated in all cases and no blood test anomalies were observed in any patients&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0050"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">5</span></a></p><p id="par0025" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">In conclusion&#44; the chronic and recurrent nature of SD can lead to the therapeutic failure of the topical treatments used to date and&#47;or a low rate of adherence to treatment&#46; A treatment that allows better long-term management of SD in these patients is therefore needed&#46; Recent studies support the use of pulses of systemic itraconazole as a safe and effective treatment for controlling SD during outbreaks and also as maintenance therapy&#44; with the aim of avoiding recurrences&#46; Treatment with pulses of oral itraconazole could therefore be considered an interesting therapeutic tool&#44; especially in patients who show poor adherence to topical treatment or have multiple recurrences despite following an appropriate topical treatment regimen&#46;</p></span>"
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ISSN: 15782190
Original language: English
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