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Aguado Lobo, A. Hernández-Núñez, M. Isabel García-Arata, J. Borbujo" "autores" => array:4 [ 0 => array:4 [ "nombre" => "M." "apellidos" => "Aguado Lobo" "email" => array:1 [ 0 => "martaaguadolobo@yahoo.es" ] "referencia" => array:2 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">a</span>" "identificador" => "aff0005" ] 1 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">¿</span>" "identificador" => "cor0005" ] ] ] 1 => array:3 [ "nombre" => "A." "apellidos" => "Hernández-Núñez" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">a</span>" "identificador" => "aff0005" ] ] ] 2 => array:3 [ "nombre" => "M." "apellidos" => "Isabel García-Arata" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">b</span>" "identificador" => "aff0010" ] ] ] 3 => array:3 [ "nombre" => "J." "apellidos" => "Borbujo" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">a</span>" "identificador" => "aff0005" ] ] ] ] "afiliaciones" => array:2 [ 0 => array:3 [ "entidad" => "Servicio de Dermatología Hospital Universitario de Fuenlabrada, Fuenlabrada, Madrid, Spain" "etiqueta" => "a" "identificador" => "aff0005" ] 1 => array:3 [ "entidad" => "Servicio de Microbiología, Hospital Universitario de Fuenlabrada, Fuenlabrada, Madrid, Spain" "etiqueta" => "b" "identificador" => "aff0010" ] ] "correspondencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "cor0005" "etiqueta" => "⁎" "correspondencia" => "Corresponding author." ] ] ] ] "titulosAlternativos" => array:1 [ "es" => array:1 [ "titulo" => "Miasis cutánea no importada por <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Chrysomya bezziana</span>" ] ] "resumenGrafico" => array:2 [ "original" => 0 "multimedia" => array:7 [ "identificador" => "fig0005" "etiqueta" => "Figure 1" "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIAFIGURA" "mostrarFloat" => true "mostrarDisplay" => false "figura" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "imagen" => "gr1.jpeg" "Alto" => 667 "Ancho" => 1002 "Tamanyo" => 190006 ] ] "descripcion" => array:1 [ "en" => "<p id="spar0005" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Ulcer on the left calf. Note the erythematous surface, which is papilliform in appearance, and abundant exudate. Several larvae can be seen on the surface of the lesion.</p>" ] ] ] "textoCompleto" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSections"><p id="par0005" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Myiasis is a parasitic infestation of the tissues or organs of vertebrates (including humans) produced by the larvae of different species of fly (Diptera).<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0005"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">1–3</span></a> It is classified according to the association between the parasite and the host and is described as obligatory, facultative, or accidental. It can also be classified according to the anatomic site of infestation as cutaneous, intestinal, or cavitary myiasis.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0005"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">1–3</span></a> Clinically, cutaneous myiasis is divided into furuncular, migratory, and wound forms.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0005"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">1–3</span></a> Incidence is higher in tropical countries with a humid climate and a low socioeconomic level.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0005"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">1–3</span></a></p><p id="par0010" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">We present a case of autochthonous cutaneous myiasis caused by <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Chrysomya bezziana</span>, a species that is exceptional in Europe.</p><p id="par0015" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The patient was a 56-year-old man with a personal history of obesity, occasional alcohol consumption, arterial hypertension, sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome, and extrinsic asthma. He was a heterozygous carrier of the PT20210A mutation, although he had no history of thrombosis. He had a vascular ulcer on the left leg that first appeared 10 months previously. Live larvae were detected during local care of the ulcer at his health center, from where he was referred to the emergency department. The patient had a good general status and denied having traveled abroad, recent contact with animals, or trips to the countryside. Physical examination revealed signs of chronic lymphedema in both legs. An ulcer was observed on his left calf. It measured 15<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>×<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>8<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>cm, had an erythematous surface, and was papilliform in appearance. It was also friable, with malodorous exudate (<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0005">Fig. 1</a>). Several mobile Diptera larvae were identified on the lesion. These were whitish in color and in 1<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>cm in length. They were eliminated mechanically and sent to the microbiology service for identification. The lesion was washed with saline solution and treated with an occlusive dressing of unscented pure petroleum jelly, and the patient was referred to the vascular surgery service. Macroscopically, the larvae extracted were identified as <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">C bezziana</span>; microscopically, subtle spine bands were visible around the body and the peritreme of the open posterior spiracle.</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="fig0005"></elsevierMultimedia><p id="par0020" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">In developed countries, cutaneous wound myiasis is associated with poor hygiene, advanced age, psychiatric conditions, alcoholism, diabetes mellitus, and occlusive vascular disease.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0005"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">1–3</span></a></p><p id="par0025" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The 3 species that produce this form of myiasis throughout the world are <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Cochliomyia hominivorax</span> (New World screw-worm), and <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">C bezziana</span> (Old World screw-worm)—both from the Calliphoridae family—and <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Wohlfahrtia magnifica</span>, which belongs to the Sarcophagidae family.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0005"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">1–3</span></a> Most cases of autochthonous myiasis reported in Spain involve various species of the Sarcophagidae family (flesh fly).<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0020"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">4</span></a></p><p id="par0030" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The parasite <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">C bezziana</span> is distributed in tropical and subtropical areas of Africa, southeast Asia, India, and the Middle East.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0005"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">1–4</span></a> It produces an obligatory form of myiasis that affects various domestic animals (cattle, horses, and pets) and, occasionally, humans.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0005"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">1,4</span></a> An adult female can deposit hundreds of eggs on the margin of wounds. The eggs hatch in 16<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>hours, and the resultant numerous larvae feed for a week on the host's tissue. They then fall to the ground and complete their biological cycle to become adults.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0005"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">1,4</span></a> Under optimal conditions, the biological cycle lasts approximately 20 days.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0005"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">1,4</span></a> In humans, <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">C bezziana</span> produces wound infestations,<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0020"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">4</span></a> skin tumors<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0025"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">5</span></a>, and cavities (orbit,<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0030"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">6</span></a> mouth,<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0035"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">7</span></a> and ear<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0040"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">8</span></a>), all of which have high morbidity. In severe cases, the patient can present with fever, a sensation of poor temperature regulation, pain, bacterial superinfection, leukocytosis with neutrophilia, or hypereosinophilia.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0010"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span></a></p><p id="par0035" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">In a review from the year 2000, the 47 species of Diptera responsible for myiasis in Spain did not include <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">C bezziana</span>.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0045"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">9</span></a> In the Spanish scientific literature, we found only 3 cases of human myiasis caused by this species: the first involved a 41-year-old Spanish man with a personal history of chronic alcoholism who developed cutaneous myiasis on chronic ulcers on the left leg that were secondary to rhabdomyolysis<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0020"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">4</span></a>; the second involved a 65-year-old Spanish woman with myiasis of the ear who reported no recent trips abroad<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0040"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">8</span></a>; and the third involved a 54-year-old Spanish man with myiasis on a supraglottic squamous cell carcinoma of the larynx that manifested as a tumor mass on the anterior aspect of the neck.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0030"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">6</span></a> International migration and climate change can explain, at least in part, why this species of fly is identified in countries that are not its natural habitat.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0050"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">10</span></a></p><p id="par0040" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">In conclusion, we present a case of cutaneous myiasis on an ulcer in which <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">C bezziana</span> was identified as the causal agent. To our knowledge, this is the second case of autochthonous cutaneous myiasis caused by this species of fly. We wish to draw attention to this uncommon entity and to the importance of correct conservation and identification of larvae as part of routine clinical practice, since this condition is probably under-reported.</p></span>" "pdfFichero" => "main.pdf" "tienePdf" => true "NotaPie" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "☆" "nota" => "<p class="elsevierStyleNotepara" id="npar0005">Please cite this article as: Aguado Lobo M, Hernández-Núñez A, Isabel García-Arata M, Borbujo J. Miasis cutánea no importada por <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Chrysomya bezziana</span>. Actas Dermosifiliogr. 2014;105:529–530.</p>" ] ] "multimedia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:7 [ "identificador" => "fig0005" "etiqueta" => "Figure 1" "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIAFIGURA" "mostrarFloat" => true "mostrarDisplay" => false "figura" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "imagen" => "gr1.jpeg" "Alto" => 667 "Ancho" => 1002 "Tamanyo" => 190006 ] ] "descripcion" => array:1 [ "en" => "<p id="spar0005" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Ulcer on the left calf. Note the erythematous surface, which is papilliform in appearance, and abundant exudate. Several larvae can be seen on the surface of the lesion.</p>" ] ] ] "bibliografia" => array:2 [ "titulo" => "References" "seccion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "bibs0005" "bibliografiaReferencia" => array:10 [ 0 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0005" "etiqueta" => "1" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Myiasis" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:2 [ 0 => "F. Francesconi" 1 => "O. 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Year/Month | Html | Total | |
---|---|---|---|
2024 November | 11 | 14 | 25 |
2024 October | 86 | 55 | 141 |
2024 September | 62 | 39 | 101 |
2024 August | 85 | 57 | 142 |
2024 July | 86 | 59 | 145 |
2024 June | 100 | 34 | 134 |
2024 May | 78 | 55 | 133 |
2024 April | 76 | 45 | 121 |
2024 March | 81 | 42 | 123 |
2024 February | 76 | 45 | 121 |
2024 January | 58 | 47 | 105 |
2023 December | 71 | 35 | 106 |
2023 November | 70 | 38 | 108 |
2023 October | 84 | 54 | 138 |
2023 September | 87 | 31 | 118 |
2023 August | 46 | 32 | 78 |
2023 July | 56 | 51 | 107 |
2023 June | 61 | 24 | 85 |
2023 May | 56 | 32 | 88 |
2023 April | 41 | 21 | 62 |
2023 March | 53 | 32 | 85 |
2023 February | 60 | 31 | 91 |
2023 January | 53 | 33 | 86 |
2022 December | 47 | 35 | 82 |
2022 November | 41 | 33 | 74 |
2022 October | 24 | 20 | 44 |
2022 September | 24 | 45 | 69 |
2022 August | 31 | 37 | 68 |
2022 July | 23 | 46 | 69 |
2022 June | 26 | 29 | 55 |
2022 May | 32 | 51 | 83 |
2022 April | 58 | 43 | 101 |
2022 March | 44 | 54 | 98 |
2022 February | 74 | 40 | 114 |
2022 January | 67 | 42 | 109 |
2021 December | 42 | 46 | 88 |
2021 November | 55 | 55 | 110 |
2021 October | 48 | 57 | 105 |
2021 September | 30 | 38 | 68 |
2021 August | 24 | 26 | 50 |
2021 July | 27 | 39 | 66 |
2021 June | 36 | 27 | 63 |
2021 May | 18 | 26 | 44 |
2021 April | 64 | 49 | 113 |
2021 March | 51 | 28 | 79 |
2021 February | 50 | 17 | 67 |
2021 January | 44 | 15 | 59 |
2020 December | 24 | 14 | 38 |
2020 November | 23 | 10 | 33 |
2020 October | 18 | 12 | 30 |
2020 September | 44 | 12 | 56 |
2020 August | 26 | 15 | 41 |
2020 July | 28 | 18 | 46 |
2020 June | 32 | 19 | 51 |
2020 May | 23 | 21 | 44 |
2020 April | 26 | 17 | 43 |
2020 March | 35 | 14 | 49 |
2020 February | 3 | 5 | 8 |
2020 January | 6 | 11 | 17 |
2019 December | 9 | 1 | 10 |
2019 November | 4 | 8 | 12 |
2019 October | 0 | 7 | 7 |
2019 September | 4 | 9 | 13 |
2019 August | 4 | 5 | 9 |
2019 July | 4 | 10 | 14 |
2019 June | 4 | 11 | 15 |
2019 May | 6 | 27 | 33 |
2019 April | 2 | 20 | 22 |
2019 March | 4 | 10 | 14 |
2019 February | 2 | 6 | 8 |
2019 January | 3 | 2 | 5 |
2018 December | 2 | 8 | 10 |
2018 November | 1 | 0 | 1 |
2018 October | 4 | 0 | 4 |
2018 September | 2 | 0 | 2 |
2018 April | 0 | 2 | 2 |
2018 March | 9 | 7 | 16 |
2018 February | 28 | 3 | 31 |
2018 January | 36 | 2 | 38 |
2017 December | 46 | 11 | 57 |
2017 November | 39 | 3 | 42 |
2017 October | 30 | 2 | 32 |
2017 September | 37 | 8 | 45 |
2017 August | 60 | 11 | 71 |
2017 July | 66 | 12 | 78 |
2017 June | 53 | 7 | 60 |
2017 May | 45 | 14 | 59 |
2017 April | 42 | 11 | 53 |
2017 March | 37 | 13 | 50 |
2017 February | 32 | 7 | 39 |
2017 January | 33 | 15 | 48 |
2016 December | 59 | 8 | 67 |
2016 November | 52 | 25 | 77 |
2016 October | 68 | 16 | 84 |
2016 September | 73 | 13 | 86 |
2016 August | 49 | 5 | 54 |
2016 July | 49 | 7 | 56 |
2016 June | 8 | 5 | 13 |
2016 May | 7 | 19 | 26 |
2016 April | 7 | 6 | 13 |
2016 March | 7 | 7 | 14 |
2016 February | 8 | 8 | 16 |
2016 January | 12 | 8 | 20 |
2015 December | 9 | 6 | 15 |
2015 November | 8 | 7 | 15 |
2015 October | 12 | 11 | 23 |
2015 September | 10 | 1 | 11 |
2015 August | 11 | 4 | 15 |
2015 July | 36 | 6 | 42 |
2015 June | 38 | 7 | 45 |
2015 May | 32 | 8 | 40 |
2015 April | 14 | 10 | 24 |
2015 March | 16 | 2 | 18 |
2015 February | 24 | 6 | 30 |
2015 January | 23 | 4 | 27 |
2014 December | 28 | 9 | 37 |
2014 November | 23 | 10 | 33 |
2014 October | 22 | 10 | 32 |
2014 September | 13 | 9 | 22 |
2014 August | 15 | 9 | 24 |
2014 July | 25 | 8 | 33 |
2014 June | 16 | 1 | 17 |
2014 May | 2 | 1 | 3 |