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la pr&#225;ctica totalidad de los estudios epidemiol&#243;gicos se basan en la frecuencia de sensibilizaci&#243;n de los pacientes valorados en las unidades de dermatitis de contacto<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0190"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">8&#44;9</span></a>&#46; Evidentemente esta aproximaci&#243;n epidemiol&#243;gica asume que los datos pueden no ser homog&#233;neos&#44; dependiendo del centro del que provengan&#46; Con el fin de determinar si las muestras poblacionales de &#225;reas geogr&#225;ficas diferentes son equiparables&#44; se describe el &#237;ndice MOAHLFA <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">&#40;Male&#44; Occupational dermatitis&#44; Atopy&#44; Hand&#44; Leg&#44; Face&#44; Age<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#62;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>40&#41;</span> de cada poblaci&#243;n de estudio&#46; Este indicador expresa en porcentaje las caracter&#237;sticas epidemiol&#243;gicas de cada poblaci&#243;n estudiada que pueden condicionar <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">a priori</span> los resultados de las pruebas epicut&#225;neas<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0200"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">10&#44;11</span></a>&#46;</p><p id="par0020" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">La frecuencia de sensibilizaci&#243;n hallada en una unidad de dermatitis de contacto a los al&#233;rgenos de la bater&#237;a est&#225;ndar var&#237;a dependiendo de la poblaci&#243;n que acude a esa unidad&#44; de los criterios de selecci&#243;n que se establezcan para parchear a los pacientes y del porcentaje de pacientes tratados por exposici&#243;n laboral<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0165"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">3</span></a>&#46; El Complejo Hospitalario Universitario Insular Materno Infantil &#40;CHUIMI&#41; pertenece al Servicio Canario de Salud y es el centro de referencia en Dermatolog&#237;a en el sur de Gran Canaria&#44; atendiendo a una poblaci&#243;n de unas 400&#46;000 personas dedicadas en gran parte a la explotaci&#243;n tur&#237;stica&#46;</p><p id="par0025" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Puesto que la descripci&#243;n y el seguimiento epidemiol&#243;gico de los sensibilizantes encontrados en cada unidad suponen la aproximaci&#243;n m&#225;s v&#225;lida para determinar las sensibilizaciones m&#225;s prevalentes<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0165"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">3</span></a>&#44; creemos conveniente revisar los resultados del CHUIMI durante un periodo prolongado&#46; Asimismo&#44; el an&#225;lisis de los datos constituye uno de los principales criterios de control de calidad de nuestra unidad&#46; El objetivo del presente trabajo es analizar los resultados de la Bater&#237;a Est&#225;ndar Espa&#241;ola en el CHUIMI desde 2005 hasta 2018 y compararlos con los datos publicados a nivel general y con otros centros similares<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0180"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">6&#44;12&#44;13</span></a>&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0010" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0070">Material y m&#233;todo</span><p id="par0030" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Se realiz&#243; un estudio descriptivo retrospectivo con la base de datos de la Unidad de Dermatitis de Contacto del Servicio de Dermatolog&#237;a del CHUIMI de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria basado en Access Office&#174; versi&#243;n 2007&#46; El estudio fue aprobado por el Comit&#233; de &#201;tica de la Investigaci&#243;n del Servicio Canario de Salud el d&#237;a 7 de abril de 2020&#46; Los datos recogidos fueron edad&#44; sexo&#44; antecedentes personales de dermatitis at&#243;pica&#44; localizaci&#243;n del eccema&#44; profesi&#243;n&#44; positividades a las 96<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>horas y relevancia de las positividades&#46;</p><p id="par0035" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Se incluyeron los pacientes parcheados con la Bater&#237;a Est&#225;ndar Espa&#241;ola desde enero de 2005 hasta junio de 2018&#46; Hasta el 1 de enero de 2017 las pruebas epicut&#225;neas se realizaron aplicando el <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">True Test</span> &#40;SmartPractice Denmark ApS Herredsvejen 2&#44; Hiller&#248;d&#44; Dinamarca&#41; y al&#233;rgenos complementarios seg&#250;n recomendaci&#243;n del GEIDAC<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0180"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">6&#44;13</span></a>&#46; A partir de entonces se utiliz&#243; la Bater&#237;a Est&#225;ndar Espa&#241;ola de Allergeaze &#40;Marti Tor Alergia S&#46;L&#46;&#44; Cervell&#243;&#44; Barcelona&#41;&#46; Los al&#233;rgenos de la &#250;ltima actualizaci&#243;n de la bater&#237;a est&#225;ndar se parchearon desde el 1 de enero de 2016&#46; Para dar continuidad temporal&#44; estad&#237;sticamente se consideraron equiparables Euxyl K400 y metildibromoglutaronitrilo&#44; as&#237; como la mezcla de quinole&#237;nas y clioquinol&#46;</p><p id="par0040" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Las pruebas epicut&#225;neas fueron realizadas seg&#250;n la gu&#237;a de la <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">European Society of Contact Dermatitis</span> &#40;ESCD&#41;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0160"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span></a>&#46; Se realiz&#243; lectura a las 48 y 96<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>horas en todos los pacientes y lectura tard&#237;a en los pacientes en los que se sospechara alergia a corticoides&#46; Se instruy&#243; a los pacientes para volver a las 168<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>horas si presentaban positividad tard&#237;a&#46; Se consideraron las respuestas positivas &#40;&#43;&#44; &#43;&#43; o &#43;&#43;&#43;&#41; y la relevancia se estableci&#243; seg&#250;n la cl&#237;nica del paciente y su historia de exposici&#243;n a al&#233;rgenos&#46;</p><p id="par0045" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Para el an&#225;lisis estad&#237;stico se emple&#243; la chi-cuadrado de Pearson para comparaci&#243;n de proporciones y se calcul&#243; el intervalo de confianza al 95&#37; de la diferencia de proporciones&#46; Se consider&#243; significativo un valor de p<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#60;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;05&#46; Para el ajuste por sexo y edad se utiliz&#243; la estandarizaci&#243;n de la <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">European Surveillance System on Contact Allergies</span> &#40;ESSCA&#41;&#58; mujer menor de 40<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>a&#241;os&#58; 32&#44;5&#37;&#59; mujer mayor de 40<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>a&#241;os&#58; 32&#44;5&#37;&#59; hombre menor de 40<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>a&#241;os&#58; 32&#44;5&#37;&#44; y hombre mayor de 40<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>a&#241;os&#58; 32&#44;5&#37;&#46; El programa estad&#237;stico empleado fue R Core Team 2020&#44; versi&#243;n 4&#46;0&#46;2&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0015" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0075">Resultados</span><p id="par0050" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Se incluyeron 1&#46;568 pacientes&#44; correspondiendo el 71&#44;6&#37; a mujeres&#46; Observamos una baja proporci&#243;n de pacientes con dermatitis ocupacional y atopia &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0005">tabla 1</a>&#41;&#46;</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="tbl0005"></elsevierMultimedia><p id="par0055" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Las sensibilizaciones m&#225;s frecuentes fueron n&#237;quel &#40;36&#44;5&#37;&#41;&#44; metilcloroisotiazolinona&#47;metilisotiazolinona &#40;11&#44;9&#37;&#41;&#44; metilisotiazolinona &#40;11&#44;8&#37;&#41;&#44; parafenilendiamina &#40;7&#44;5&#37;&#41; y dicromato pot&#225;sico &#40;6&#44;3&#37;&#41;&#46; Estos fueron tambi&#233;n los al&#233;rgenos con mayor relevancia presente&#46; Las positividades y las relevancias se muestran en la <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0010">tabla 2</a>&#46; Debido a la variabilidad en los criterios de atribuci&#243;n de relevancias&#44; no se considera este par&#225;metro en la discusi&#243;n de los al&#233;rgenos m&#225;s frecuentes&#46;</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="tbl0010"></elsevierMultimedia><p id="par0060" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">La evoluci&#243;n temporal de la sensibilizaci&#243;n a los cinco al&#233;rgenos m&#225;s frecuentes puede verse en la <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0005">figura 1</a>&#46;</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="fig0005"></elsevierMultimedia></span><span id="sec0020" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0080">Discusi&#243;n</span><p id="par0065" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Este estudio muestra la frecuencia de sensibilizaci&#243;n a al&#233;rgenos de la Bater&#237;a Est&#225;ndar Espa&#241;ola en poblaci&#243;n del sur de Gran Canaria&#44; una isla de clima subtropical&#44; poblaci&#243;n de origen europeo y cuya econom&#237;a se centra en la oferta tur&#237;stica&#46;</p><p id="par0070" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Hemos encontrado tres estudios en la literatura espa&#241;ola que realizan un an&#225;lisis de la bater&#237;a espa&#241;ola en el mismo marco temporal&#58; en Marbella desde 2005 hasta 2010<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0210"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">12</span></a> y dos estudios multic&#233;ntricos realizados en los a&#241;os 2008<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0215"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">13</span></a> y 2012<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0180"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">6</span></a>&#46; Cabe se&#241;alar que en este &#250;ltimo estudio est&#225;n incluidos pacientes de nuestra poblaci&#243;n&#46; La comparaci&#243;n con estos trabajos destaca una mayor frecuencia de sensibilizaci&#243;n en la muestra obtenida del CHUIMI&#46; Esto es m&#225;s notorio en los al&#233;rgenos m&#225;s frecuentes&#44; como n&#237;quel&#44; metilcloroisotiazolinona&#47;metilisotiazolinona&#44; metilisotiazolinona y parafenilendiamina &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0015">tabla 3</a>&#41;&#46; Esta diferente proporci&#243;n de sensibilizaci&#243;n se podr&#237;a justificar por las diferencias epidemiol&#243;gicas que se ponen de manifiesto en el &#237;ndice MOAHLFA &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0020">tabla 4</a>&#41;&#44; especialmente el mayor porcentaje de mujeres en la muestra estudiada&#44; que aumentar&#237;a la frecuencia de sensibilizaci&#243;n para la mayor&#237;a de al&#233;rgenos<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0155"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">1</span></a>&#46; Otra peculiaridad epidemiol&#243;gica de la poblaci&#243;n estudiada es que una gran parte trabaja en el sector tur&#237;stico&#44; con una alta estacionalidad en invierno&#44; y la prestaci&#243;n realizada en su mayor parte es por enfermedad com&#250;n del Servicio Canario de Salud&#46; Otra explicaci&#243;n que justificar&#237;a una mayor frecuencia de sensibilizaci&#243;n &#171;en bloque&#187; podr&#237;a ser la forma de trabajo<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0220"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">14</span></a> del Servicio de Dermatolog&#237;a del CHUIMI&#44; donde los pacientes son nuevamente historiados independientemente de si son remitidos por dermat&#243;logos o por otros especialistas&#44; indic&#225;ndose las pruebas epicut&#225;neas seg&#250;n el criterio del responsable de la unidad&#46; Seg&#250;n esto&#44; estimamos que dos tercios de los pacientes remitidos son finalmente parcheados&#46; Sin embargo&#44; llama la atenci&#243;n el alto porcentaje de pacientes con alguna positividad y la baja proporci&#243;n de relevancias presentes &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0025">tabla 5</a>&#41;&#46;</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="tbl0015"></elsevierMultimedia><elsevierMultimedia ident="tbl0020"></elsevierMultimedia><elsevierMultimedia ident="tbl0025"></elsevierMultimedia><p id="par0075" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Considerando que un contactante debe ser incluido en una bater&#237;a est&#225;ndar si presenta una frecuencia de sensibilizaci&#243;n superior al 0&#44;5-1&#37;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0165"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">3&#44;6</span></a>&#44; los datos del CHUIMI avalan la actualizaci&#243;n de la Bater&#237;a Est&#225;ndar Espa&#241;ola realizada en 2016&#44; destacando la metilisotiazolinona y la mezcla de fragancias<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>II&#44; que se encontrar&#237;an en el &#171;top 10&#187; de la bater&#237;a actualizada&#46; Asimismo&#44; tambi&#233;n parece justificada la introducci&#243;n del lyral &#40;2&#37;&#41; pero no de diazolinidil urea&#44; imidazolidinil urea ni fenoxietanol&#44; con una frecuencia en este estudio del 0&#44;4&#37;&#46; Respecto a los al&#233;rgenos retirados&#44; parece justificada la eliminaci&#243;n del clioquinol&#46; Aunque tanto el tiomersal como el mercurio presentaron una frecuencia de sensibilizaci&#243;n considerable&#44; su retirada de la bater&#237;a est&#225;ndar se debi&#243; a que est&#225;n prohibidos en el espacio europeo desde 2005 y a su baja relevancia cl&#237;nica&#46; La primina se retir&#243; por ser un al&#233;rgeno infrecuente en Espa&#241;a<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0180"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">6</span></a>&#46;</p><p id="par0080" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Se discuten con m&#225;s detalle los cinco al&#233;rgenos m&#225;s frecuentes en esta serie&#58; n&#237;quel&#44; metilcloroisotiazolinona&#47;metilisotiazolinona&#44; metilisotiazolinona&#44; parafenilendiamina y dicromato pot&#225;sico&#46;</p><span id="sec0025" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0085">N&#237;quel</span><p id="par0085" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">El n&#237;quel es un metal que forma parte de aleaciones&#44; siendo las sales de n&#237;quel las que producen dermatitis&#46; Su liberaci&#243;n y su penetraci&#243;n en la piel se favorecen por la sudoraci&#243;n&#46; La sensibilizaci&#243;n ocurre generalmente a edad temprana por pendientes de bisuter&#237;a<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0210"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">12</span></a>&#46; Hist&#243;ricamente la prevalencia de sensibilizaci&#243;n al n&#237;quel es mayor en Espa&#241;a que en Europa<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0225"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">15</span></a>&#46; Aunque en 1994 se estableci&#243; una normativa europea que regulaba la liberaci&#243;n de n&#237;quel en joyas&#44; esta no se hizo efectiva hasta 2001&#46; Podemos ver en la <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0005">figura 1</a> un descenso progresivo de sensibilizaci&#243;n en la poblaci&#243;n estudiada&#44; pese a lo cual se ha mantenido una alta proporci&#243;n de pacientes con relevancia presente&#44; al igual que en otros estudios<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0230"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">16</span></a>&#46;</p><p id="par0090" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">La mayor frecuencia de sensibilizaci&#243;n en esta muestra parece justificada principalmente por la mayor proporci&#243;n de mujeres<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0155"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">1&#44;15</span></a>&#46; Otro estudio realizado en la poblaci&#243;n de Tenerife<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0235"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">17</span></a> muestra tambi&#233;n una frecuencia de sensibilizaci&#243;n muy elevada&#44; por lo que&#44; adem&#225;s del sexo&#44; pudiera haber factores locales o geogr&#225;ficos que favorecieran esta sensibilizaci&#243;n&#46; La mayor sudoraci&#243;n debido a la mayor temperatura media registrada en las Islas Canarias o un posible uso incrementado de bisuter&#237;a en nuestro entorno podr&#237;an ser factores que debieran tenerse en cuenta&#46;</p><p id="par0095" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Se ha postulado que la exposici&#243;n oral al n&#237;quel puede generar tolerancia inmunol&#243;gica&#46; El uso de ortodoncia previo al uso de <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">piercings</span> se ha mostrado como factor protector para la sensibilizaci&#243;n al n&#237;quel<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0240"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">18</span></a>&#46; Asimismo&#44; se ha observado que las poblaciones que beben agua con alto contenido en n&#237;quel presentan una menor frecuencia de sensibilizaci&#243;n<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0245"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">19</span></a>&#46; La ingesta diaria de n&#237;quel en Canarias es inferior a la ingesta media establecida&#44; siendo adem&#225;s esta cantidad inferior a la hallada en la mayor&#237;a de pa&#237;ses europeos estudiados<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0250"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">20</span></a>&#46; Este podr&#237;a ser otro factor que favoreciera la discrepancia hallada en nuestra poblaci&#243;n&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0030" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0090">Metilcloroisotiazolinona&#47;metilisotiazolinona &#40;MCl&#47;MIT&#41; y metilisotiazolinona &#40;MIT&#41;</span><p id="par0100" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">MCl&#47;MIT &#40;mezcla de ambos componentes conocida m&#225;s frecuentemente como Kathon CG&#174;&#41; y MIT son conservantes que en Europa se han utilizado como biocidas en cosm&#233;ticos&#46; Actualmente est&#225; permitido su empleo en productos de limpieza&#44; pinturas y otros productos industriales&#44; siendo un factor de riesgo de sensibilizaci&#243;n el pertenecer a profesiones en contacto con estos productos&#46; Desde 2015 se proh&#237;be MCl&#47;MIT en productos cosm&#233;ticos sin aclarado&#44; a&#241;adi&#233;ndose la MIT desde 2016 y limit&#225;ndose en 2017 a una concentraci&#243;n m&#225;xima de 15<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>ppm en los productos con aclarado<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0255"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">21</span></a>&#46; Con los sucesivos cambios legislativos se ha visto un descenso de la frecuencia de sensibilizaci&#243;n en la poblaci&#243;n estudiada &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0005">fig&#46; 1</a>&#41; y en el resto de estudios espa&#241;oles<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0260"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">22</span></a>&#46;</p><p id="par0105" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Existen dos hechos que podr&#237;an justificar parcialmente la alta frecuencia de sensibilizaci&#243;n a MCl&#47;MIT y MIT en la muestra estudiada&#46; La sensibilizaci&#243;n a estos al&#233;rgenos es m&#225;s frecuente en mujeres<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0210"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">12&#44;22</span></a> y se asocia con la profesi&#243;n limpieza&#44; como ya ha sido estudiado previamente en la poblaci&#243;n del CHUIMI<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0265"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">23&#44;24</span></a>&#46; Gran parte de la muestra trabaja de manera estacional en el sector tur&#237;stico&#44; lo que puede justificar la alta frecuencia de sensibilizaci&#243;n&#46; Pese a que en el estudio realizado en Marbella solo encontraron un 3&#44;7&#37; de sensibilizaci&#243;n a MCl&#47;MIT en 2005-2010<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0210"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">12</span></a>&#44; es posible que este porcentaje se haya incrementado en a&#241;os posteriores&#44; como ocurri&#243; en Valencia&#44; donde la sensibilizaci&#243;n se increment&#243; del 4&#44;5&#37; en 2010 al 18&#44;9&#37; en 2015<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0260"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">22</span></a>&#46; Tambi&#233;n en Valencia se ha reportado una tasa de sensibilizaci&#243;n a MIT elevada&#44; llegando hasta el 8&#44;8&#37; en 2013<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0275"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">25</span></a>&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0035" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0095">Parafenilendiamina &#40;PPD&#41;</span><p id="par0110" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">La PPD se emplea como tinte industrial&#44; de cabellos y tintes caseros&#46; Pese a la normativa de 2009 que establece una concentraci&#243;n m&#225;xima de PPD en tintes capilares del 2&#37; y a su prohibici&#243;n en tatuajes temporales y permanentes&#44; estas siguen siendo las principales fuentes de sensibilizaci&#243;n<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0280"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">26</span></a>&#46; En un estudio realizado en la poblaci&#243;n del CHUIMI se demostr&#243; una correlaci&#243;n entre la edad del paciente sensibilizado y el origen de dicha sensibilizaci&#243;n&#58; en ni&#241;os estaba mayoritariamente relacionada con el uso de tatuajes de henna&#44; en pacientes de edad media ocurr&#237;a por factor ocupacional &#40;peluqueras&#41; y en pacientes de edad avanzada se presentaba en usuarias de tintes capilares<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0285"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">27</span></a>&#46; Podemos ver en la <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0005">figura 1</a> que la sensibilizaci&#243;n a PPD se ha mantenido estable en la poblaci&#243;n estudiada&#44; tal y como ocurre en el resto de series<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0290"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">28</span></a>&#46;</p><p id="par0115" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Se han establecido como factores de riesgo de sensibilizaci&#243;n a PPD el sexo femenino<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0290"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">28</span></a>&#44; edad &#62;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>40<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>a&#241;os<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0285"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">27&#44;28</span></a>&#44; usar tonalidades m&#225;s oscuras<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0280"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">26</span></a> y las profesiones peluquer&#237;a&#44; conducci&#243;n&#44; limpieza e imprentas<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0290"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">28</span></a>&#46; Una mayor prevalencia de sensibilizaci&#243;n a PPD en la poblaci&#243;n del CHUIMI ya hab&#237;a sido publicada<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0285"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">27</span></a>&#46; Teniendo en cuenta los factores de riesgo mencionados&#44; esta mayor frecuencia parece estar en relaci&#243;n con una mayor proporci&#243;n de mujeres y una edad media superior a la del resto de series &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0020">tabla 4</a>&#41;&#46; Tambi&#233;n es posible que haya una diferente distribuci&#243;n laboral a la del resto de centros<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0170"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">4</span></a>&#44; teniendo el 5&#44;5&#37; de los pacientes estudiados la profesi&#243;n peluquer&#237;a-esteticista&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0040" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0100">Dicromato pot&#225;sico</span><p id="par0120" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Las fuentes m&#225;s frecuentes de exposici&#243;n son el cemento h&#250;medo y los productos de cuero curtidos con cromo&#46; Desde 2005 se restringe el uso de cementos con m&#225;s de 2<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>ppm de cromo<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0295"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">29</span></a>&#44; observ&#225;ndose en la <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0005">figura 1</a> un descenso en la sensibilizaci&#243;n al mismo en nuestra poblaci&#243;n&#46;</p><p id="par0125" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Aunque en la poblaci&#243;n estudiada se aprecia una alta proporci&#243;n de pacientes sensibilizados a cromo&#44; esta fue mayor en otras zonas de Espa&#241;a<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0210"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">12</span></a>&#46; Dado que esta sensibilizaci&#243;n est&#225; cl&#225;sicamente asociada a dermatitis ocupacional<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0295"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">29</span></a>&#44; lo m&#225;s probable es que el diferente grado de sensibilizaci&#243;n se deba a la distribuci&#243;n laboral de cada poblaci&#243;n de estudio&#46; De hecho&#44; vemos una clara correlaci&#243;n en las series analizadas&#58; aquellas con un mayor porcentaje de dermatitis ocupacional presentan una mayor frecuencia de sensibilizaci&#243;n a cromo que aquellas con una menor proporci&#243;n de dermatitis ocupacional &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0015">tabla 3</a> y <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0020">tabla 4</a>&#41;&#46;</p></span></span><span id="sec0045" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0105">Limitaciones</span><p id="par0130" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Este estudio se limita a un &#250;nico centro&#44; y la relevancia de los al&#233;rgenos se determin&#243; seg&#250;n la historia cl&#237;nica&#46;</p><p id="par0135" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">La ausencia de estudios en la literatura espa&#241;ola realizados en el mismo periodo de tiempo y la ausencia de datos p&#250;blicos de distribuci&#243;n laboral poblacional por provincias dificulta la comparaci&#243;n de los datos entre diferentes estudios&#46;</p><p id="par0140" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Por &#250;ltimo&#44; hemos de se&#241;alar los cambios en la composici&#243;n de la Bater&#237;a Est&#225;ndar Espa&#241;ola en 2012 y 2016&#44; que hacen que ciertos al&#233;rgenos solo se midieran en algunos a&#241;os del periodo estudiado&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0050" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0110">Conclusiones</span><p id="par0145" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Con mayor frecuencia los resultados de la serie estudiada coinciden con los al&#233;rgenos que ocasionan m&#225;s frecuente sensibilizaci&#243;n en Espa&#241;a&#44; destacando especialmente n&#237;quel&#44; metilcloroisotiazolinona&#47;metilisotiazolinona&#44; metilisotiazolinona y parafenilendiamina&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0055" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0115">Conflicto de intereses</span><p id="par0150" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Los autores declaran no tener ning&#250;n conflicto de intereses&#46;</p></span></span>"
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    "fechaRecibido" => "2020-12-28"
    "fechaAceptado" => "2022-02-27"
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        "resumen" => "<span id="abst0005" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0010">Introducci&#243;n y objetivos</span><p id="spar0005" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">El eccema de contacto es un motivo frecuente de consulta&#46; El grado y la frecuencia de sensibilizaci&#243;n a al&#233;rgenos var&#237;an dependiendo de la poblaci&#243;n de referencia atendida&#46; Revisamos los resultados de sensibilizaci&#243;n a al&#233;rgenos de la Bater&#237;a Est&#225;ndar Espa&#241;ola en una poblaci&#243;n dedicada mayoritariamente al sector tur&#237;stico &#40;Islas Canarias&#41;&#46;</p></span> <span id="abst0010" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0015">Material y m&#233;todos</span><p id="spar0010" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Estudio descriptivo retrospectivo tomando la base de datos de la Unidad de Dermatitis de Contacto del Servicio de Dermatolog&#237;a del Complejo Hospitalario Universitario Insular de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria&#44; incluy&#233;ndose pacientes parcheados con la Bater&#237;a Est&#225;ndar Espa&#241;ola desde enero de 2005 hasta junio de 2018&#46; Se recogieron edad&#44; sexo&#44; atopia&#44; localizaci&#243;n&#44; positividades y relevancia&#46;</p></span> <span id="abst0015" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0020">Resultados</span><p id="spar0015" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Se estudiaron 1&#46;568 pacientes&#46; El 71&#44;6&#37; fueron mujeres&#44; con una baja proporci&#243;n de atopia &#40;14&#44;2&#37;&#41; y dermatitis ocupacional &#40;15&#44;8&#37;&#41;&#46; La mayor&#237;a fueron mayores de 40<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>a&#241;os &#40;65&#44;2&#37;&#41;&#46; Los al&#233;rgenos positivos m&#225;s frecuentes fueron n&#237;quel &#40;36&#44;5&#37;&#41;&#44; metilcloroisotiazolinona&#47;metilisotiazolinona &#40;11&#44;9&#37;&#41;&#44; metilisotiazolinona &#40;11&#44;8&#37;&#41;&#44; parafenilendiamina &#40;7&#44;5&#37;&#41; y dicromato pot&#225;sico &#40;6&#44;3&#37;&#41;&#46;</p></span> <span id="abst0020" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0025">Conclusiones</span><p id="spar0020" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">En la poblaci&#243;n estudiada se observa una mayor frecuencia de sensibilizaci&#243;n respecto al resto de Espa&#241;a para la mayor&#237;a de los al&#233;rgenos&#44; siendo estas diferencias especialmente llamativas en el caso del n&#237;quel&#44; de la metilcloroisotiazolinona&#47;metilisotiazolinona y de la parafenilendiamina&#46;</p></span>"
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        "titulo" => "Abstract"
        "resumen" => "<span id="abst0025" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0035">Background and objectives</span><p id="spar0025" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Contact dermatitis is a common reason for consultation in dermatology&#46; Sensitization levels and frequency&#44; however&#44; vary from one population to the next&#46; The aim of this study was to review patch test results showing sensitization to allergens in the Spanish standard series in the Canary Islands&#44; where a large proportion of the population works in tourism&#46;</p></span> <span id="abst0030" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0040">Material and methods</span><p id="spar0030" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Retrospective&#44; descriptive study of data from the dermatology department&#39;s contact dermatitis unit at Complejo Hospitalario Universitario Insular in Las Palmas de Gran Canaria&#44; Spain&#46; We studied results recorded for patients patch tested with the Spanish standard series between January 2005 and June 2018&#46;</p></span> <span id="abst0035" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0045">Results</span><p id="spar0035" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Data for 1568 patients were studied&#59; 71&#46;6&#37; were women&#44; and overall rates of atopy &#40;14&#46;2&#37;&#41; and occupational dermatitis &#40;15&#46;8&#37;&#41; were low&#46; Most patients with a positive test &#40;65&#46;2&#37;&#41; were older than 40<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>years&#46; The main allergens eliciting positive reactions were nickel &#40;36&#46;5&#37;&#41;&#44; methylchloroisothiazolinone&#47;methylisothiazolinone &#40;11&#46;9&#37;&#41;&#44; methylisothiazolinone &#40;11&#46;8&#37;&#41;&#44; paraphenylenediamine &#40;7&#46;5&#37;&#41;&#44; and potassium dichromate &#40;6&#46;3&#37;&#41;&#46;</p></span> <span id="abst0040" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0050">Conclusions</span><p id="spar0040" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Contact sensitization rates were higher than those reported elsewhere in Spain for most of the allergens studied&#46; The differences were particularly notable for nickel&#44; methylchloroisothiazolinone&#47;methylisothiazolinone&#44; and paraphenylenediamine&#46;</p></span>"
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                  \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">&#37; &#40;n&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">7&#44;9 &#40;124&#47;1&#46;568&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">7 &#40;110&#47;1&#46;568&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">MIT<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tblfn0010"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">b</span></a>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">11&#44;8 &#40;62&#47;524&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">8 &#40;42&#47;524&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">7&#44;5 &#40;118&#47;1&#46;568&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
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                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">4&#44;9 &#40;77&#47;1&#46;568&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Dicromato pot&#225;sico&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">6&#44;3 &#40;98&#47;1&#46;568&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
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                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">3&#44;8 &#40;60&#47;1&#46;568&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Cloruro de cobalto&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">5&#44;8 &#40;91&#47;1&#46;568&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">0&#44;7 &#40;11&#47;1&#46;568&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Mezcla de fragancias<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>II<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tblfn0005"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">a</span></a>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">3&#44;6 &#40;19&#47;524&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">2&#44;5 &#40;13&#47;524&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Mezcla de fragancias<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>I&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">3&#44;1 &#40;48&#47;1&#46;568&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">1&#44;9 &#40;30&#47;1&#46;568&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Mezcla de carbas&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">2&#44;9 &#40;45&#47;1&#46;568&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
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                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">0&#44;8 &#40;12&#47;1&#46;568&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Mezcla de tiuram&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
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                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">2&#44;7 &#40;43&#47;1&#46;568&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">1&#44;1 &#40;17&#47;1&#46;568&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">B&#225;lsamo de Per&#250;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">2&#44;6 &#40;41&#47;1&#46;568&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">0&#44;8 &#40;12&#47;1&#46;568&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">Resina de P-ter-butilfenol formaldeh&#237;do&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">2&#44;4 &#40;38&#47;1&#46;568&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">1&#44;2 &#40;18&#47;1&#46;568&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">Colofonia&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">2 &#40;31&#47;1&#46;568&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
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                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">0&#44;8 &#40;13&#47;1&#46;568&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Formaldeh&#237;do&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">1&#44;7 &#40;27&#47;1&#46;568&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">0&#44;6 &#40;9&#47;1&#46;568&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Lyral<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tblfn0005"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">a</span></a>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">1&#44;7 &#40;9&#47;524&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">1&#44;2 &#40;6&#47;524&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Mercaptobenzotiazol&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">1&#44;4 &#40;22&#47;1&#46;568&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">1 &#40;15&#47;1&#46;568&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Mezcla de ca&#237;nas&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">1&#44;3 &#40;21&#47;1&#46;568&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">0&#44;3 &#40;5&#47;1&#46;568&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">IPPD &#47; Mezcla de gomas negras&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">1&#44;3 &#40;20&#47;1&#46;568&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">0&#44;6 &#40;9&#47;1&#46;568&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Resina epoxi&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">1&#44;2 &#40;18&#47;1&#46;568&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">0&#44;3 &#40;5&#47;1&#46;568&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Mezcla mercapto&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">1 &#40;16&#47;1&#46;568&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">0&#44;7 &#40;11&#47;1&#46;568&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Alcoholes de la lana&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">1 &#40;15&#47;1&#46;568&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">0&#44;6 &#40;10&#47;1&#46;568&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Diclorato de etilendiamina&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">0&#44;9 &#40;14&#47;1&#46;568&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">0&#44;4 &#40;6&#47;1&#46;568&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Quaternium-15&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">0&#44;8 &#40;12&#47;1&#46;568&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">0&#44;2 &#40;3&#47;1&#46;568&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Sulfato de neomicina&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">0&#44;6 &#40;10&#47;1&#46;568&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">0&#44;1 &#40;1&#47;1&#46;568&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Budesonida&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">0&#44;6 &#40;3&#47;524&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">0 &#40;0&#47;524&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Fenoxietanol<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tblfn0005"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">a</span></a>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">0&#44;4 &#40;2&#47;524&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">0&#44;2 &#40;1&#47;524&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Imidazolidinil urea<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tblfn0010"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">b</span></a>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">0&#44;4 &#40;2&#47;524&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">0&#44;2 &#40;1&#47;524&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Mezcla de parabenos&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">0&#44;3 &#40;4&#47;1&#46;568&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">0&#44;1 &#40;1&#47;1&#46;568&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Diazolidinil urea<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tblfn0010"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">b</span></a>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">0&#44;2 &#40;1&#47;524&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">0 &#40;0&#47;524&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Mezcla de lactonas&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">0&#44;1 &#40;1&#47;1&#46;568&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">0&#44;1 &#40;1&#47;1&#46;568&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Pivalato de tixocortol&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">0&#44;1 &#40;1&#47;1&#46;568&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">0&#44;1 &#40;1&#47;1&#46;568&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Tiomersal<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tblfn0015"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">c</span></a>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">5&#44;5 &#40;65&#47;1&#46;190&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">0&#44;5 &#40;6&#47;1&#46;190&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Mercurio<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tblfn0015"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">c</span></a>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">2&#44;4 &#40;29&#47;1&#46;190&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">0&#44;1 &#40;1&#47;1&#46;190&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Primina<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#tblfn0005"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">a&#44;c</span></a>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">0&#44;6 &#40;3&#47;517&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">0&#44;2 &#40;1&#47;517&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Clioquinol&#47;mezcla de quinole&#237;nas<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tblfn0015"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">c</span></a>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">0&#44;3 &#40;4&#47;1&#46;190&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">0&#44;2 &#40;2&#47;1&#46;190&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr></tbody></table>
                  """
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            0 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "tblfn0005"
              "etiqueta" => "a"
              "nota" => "<p class="elsevierStyleNotepara" id="npar0005">A&#241;adido en 2012&#46;</p>"
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            1 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "tblfn0010"
              "etiqueta" => "b"
              "nota" => "<p class="elsevierStyleNotepara" id="npar0010">A&#241;adido en 2016&#46;</p>"
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              "etiqueta" => "c"
              "nota" => "<p class="elsevierStyleNotepara" id="npar0015">Retirados de la Bater&#237;a Est&#225;ndar&#46;</p> <p class="elsevierStyleNotepara" id="npar0020">IPPD&#58; isopropil-N-fenil-p-fenilendiamina&#59; MCl&#47;MIT&#58; metilcloroisotiazolinona&#47;metilisotiazolinona&#59; MDBGN&#58; metildibromoglutaronitrilo&#59; MIT&#58; metilisotiazolinona&#59; PPD&#58; parafenilendiamina&#46;</p>"
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            0 => array:1 [
              "tabla" => array:1 [
                0 => """
                  <table border="0" frame="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\tvoid\n
                  \t\t\t\t" class=""><thead title="thead"><tr title="table-row"><th class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Al&#233;rgeno&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">GC 2005-2018&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Marbella 2005-2010<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0210"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">12</span></a>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Espa&#241;a 2008<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0215"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">13</span></a>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Espa&#241;a 2012<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0180"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">6</span></a>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t\t\t</th></tr></thead><tbody title="tbody"><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">N&#237;quel&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">36&#44;5&#37;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">25&#44;9&#37;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">25&#44;4&#37;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">25&#44;3&#37;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">MCl&#47;MIT&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">11&#44;9&#37;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">3&#44;7&#37;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">2&#44;8&#37;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">8&#44;4&#37;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">MIT<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tblfn0025"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">b</span></a>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">11&#44;8&#37;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">&#8722;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">&#8722;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">5&#44;2&#37;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">PPD&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">7&#44;5&#37;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">3&#44;5&#37;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">4&#44;2&#37;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">4&#44;5&#37;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Dicromato pot&#225;sico&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">6&#44;3&#37;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">7&#44;6&#37;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">5&#44;8&#37;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">5&#37;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Cloruro de cobalto&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">5&#44;8&#37;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">4&#44;5&#37;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">5&#44;2&#37;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">5&#44;3&#37;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">MDBGN&#47;Euxyl K400&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">3&#44;7&#37;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">&#8722;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">&#8722;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">2&#44;1&#37;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Mezcla de fragancias<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>II&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">3&#44;6&#37;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">&#8722;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">&#8722;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">2&#44;9&#37;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Mezcla de fragancias<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>I&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">3&#44;1&#37;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">3&#44;8&#37;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">5&#37;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">4&#44;4&#37;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Mezcla de carbas&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">2&#44;9&#37;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">2&#44;7&#37;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">1&#44;5&#37;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">2&#37;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Mezcla de tiuram&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">2&#44;7&#37;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">2&#44;4&#37;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">2&#44;2&#37;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">1&#44;7&#37;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">B&#225;lsamo de Per&#250;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">2&#44;6&#37;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">0&#44;7&#37;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">5&#44;1&#37;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">2&#44;5&#37;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Resina de P-ter-butilfenol formaldeh&#237;do&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">2&#44;4&#37;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">3&#37;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">0&#44;7&#37;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">1&#44;5&#37;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Colofonia&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">2&#37;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">1&#44;9&#37;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">1&#44;2&#37;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">1&#44;4&#37;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Formaldeh&#237;do&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">1&#44;7&#37;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">0&#44;6&#37;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">2&#44;6&#37;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">1&#44;4&#37;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Lyral&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">1&#44;7&#37;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">&#8722;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">&#8722;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">1&#44;2&#37;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Mercaptobenzotiazol&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">1&#44;4&#37;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">0&#44;6&#37;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">0&#44;9&#37;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">0&#44;4&#37;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Mezcla de ca&#237;nas&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">1&#44;3&#37;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">1&#44;9&#37;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">1&#44;7&#37;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">1&#44;5&#37;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">IPPD &#47; Mezcla de gomas negras&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">1&#44;3&#37;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">1&#44;7&#37;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">1&#44;2&#37;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">0&#44;8&#37;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Resina epoxi&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">1&#44;2&#37;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">0&#44;8&#37;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">0&#44;7&#37;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">1&#44;1&#37;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Mezcla mercapto&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">1&#37;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">0&#44;4&#37;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">1&#44;6&#37;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">0&#44;6&#37;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Alcoholes de la lana&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">1&#37;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">0&#44;7&#37;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">0&#44;7&#37;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">0&#44;6&#37;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Diclorato de etilendiamina&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">0&#44;9&#37;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">1&#44;3&#37;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">1&#44;1&#37;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">0&#44;9&#37;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Quaternium-15&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">0&#44;8&#37;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">1&#44;3&#37;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">1&#44;3&#37;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">1&#37;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Sulfato de neomicina&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">0&#44;6&#37;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">0&#44;5&#37;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">1&#44;2&#37;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">0&#44;9&#37;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Budesonida&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">0&#44;6&#37;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">0&#44;5&#37;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">1&#44;4&#37;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">0&#44;6&#37;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Fenoxietanol&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">0&#44;4&#37;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">&#8722;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">&#8722;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">Imidazolidinil urea<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tblfn0025"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">b</span></a>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">&#8722;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">Mezcla de parabenos&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">Mezcla de lactonas&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">0&#37;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">0&#44;2&#37;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">Pivalato de tixocortol&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">&#8722;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">Clioquinol&#47;mezcla de quinole&#237;nas<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tblfn0030"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">c</span></a>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t\tvoid\n
                  \t\t\t\t" class=""><thead title="thead"><tr title="table-row"><th class="td" title="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">GC 2005-2018&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Marbella 2005-2010<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0210"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">12</span></a>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">GC-Marbellap &#40;IC 95&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Espa&#241;a 2008<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0215"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">13</span></a>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">GC-Espa&#241;a 2008p &#40;IC 95&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Espa&#241;a 2012<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0300"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">30</span></a>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">GC-Espa&#241;a 2012p &#40;IC 95&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">&#60;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;001 &#40;&#8722;0&#44;12 a &#8722;0&#44;04&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">Pacientes con una prueba positiva con relevancia presente&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">Pacientes con una prueba positiva a la Bater&#237;a Est&#225;ndar&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">913 &#40;58&#44;2&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Pacientes con una prueba con relevancia presente de la Bater&#237;a Est&#225;ndar&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">Total&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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        0 => array:2 [
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                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Prevalence of contact allergy in the general population&#58; A systematic review and meta-analysis"
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                          "autores" => array:5 [
                            0 => "F&#46; Alinaghi"
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Original
Dermatitis de contacto a alérgenos de la Batería Estándar Española en población del sur de Gran Canaria
Contact Dermatitis to Allergens in the Spanish Standard Series: Patch Test Findings in the South of Gran Canaria
B. Roque Quintanaa,b,
Corresponding author
Belinda.rq@hotmail.com

Autor para correspondencia.
, A. Falcón Hernándezc, A. Sagrera Guedesb, L. Borregob
a Servicio de Dermatología, Hospital Universitario Dr. José Molina Orosa, Arrecife, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, España
b Servicio de Dermatología, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario Insular Materno Infantil, Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, España
c Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, España
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    "textoCompleto" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSections"><span id="sec0005" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0065">Introducci&#243;n</span><p id="par0005" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">El eccema de contacto afecta hasta al 20&#37; de la poblaci&#243;n<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0155"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">1</span></a>&#44; siendo un motivo de consulta frecuente en Dermatolog&#237;a&#46; El eccema al&#233;rgico de contacto &#40;EAC&#41; puede ser cl&#237;nicamente indistinguible del eccema de contacto irritativo y del eccema end&#243;geno&#44; por lo que las pruebas epicut&#225;neas son esenciales para establecer el diagn&#243;stico correcto<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0160"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span></a>&#46; En estas pruebas los al&#233;rgenos se agrupan en bater&#237;as seg&#250;n el tipo de exposici&#243;n a la que ha estado sometido el paciente<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0165"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">3</span></a>&#46; La bater&#237;a est&#225;ndar agrupa los al&#233;rgenos que m&#225;s frecuentemente producen sensibilizaci&#243;n en una poblaci&#243;n&#44; bien sea a nivel nacional o internacional<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0170"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">4&#44;5</span></a>&#46; Las gu&#237;as de dermatitis de contacto recomiendan parchear la bater&#237;a est&#225;ndar&#44; espa&#241;ola en nuestro caso&#44; a todos los pacientes a los que se realicen pruebas epicut&#225;neas&#44; completadas con bater&#237;as espec&#237;ficas&#46;</p><p id="par0010" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">En Espa&#241;a&#44; el Grupo Espa&#241;ol de Investigaci&#243;n en Dermatitis de Contacto y Alergia Cut&#225;nea &#40;GEIDAC&#41; ha sido el responsable de crear y actualizar la Bater&#237;a Est&#225;ndar Espa&#241;ola desde hace m&#225;s de 40<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>a&#241;os<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0170"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">4&#44;6</span></a>&#46; Esta es una bater&#237;a din&#225;mica que se actualiza seg&#250;n la frecuencia de sensibilizaci&#243;n a los al&#233;rgenos estudiados por el GEIDAC&#46; La &#250;ltima actualizaci&#243;n fue en 2016&#44; incluy&#233;ndose metilisotiazolinona&#44; diazolidinil urea e imidazolidinil urea y elimin&#225;ndose clioquinol&#44; tiomersal&#44; mercurio y primina<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0180"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">6</span></a>&#46; Previamente se hab&#237;a modificado en 2012&#44; sustituy&#233;ndose el Euxyl K400 por el metildibromoglutaronitrilo&#46; Se incluyeron adem&#225;s fenoxietanol&#44; primina&#44; mezcla de fragancias<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>II y lyral<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0185"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">7</span></a> respecto a la modificaci&#243;n previa del 2001 en la que se hab&#237;a a&#241;adido Euxyl K400&#44; budesonida y tixocortol pivalato&#46;</p><p id="par0015" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Dado que es imposible y &#233;ticamente cuestionable realizar las pruebas epicut&#225;neas en toda la poblaci&#243;n&#44; la pr&#225;ctica totalidad de los estudios epidemiol&#243;gicos se basan en la frecuencia de sensibilizaci&#243;n de los pacientes valorados en las unidades de dermatitis de contacto<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0190"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">8&#44;9</span></a>&#46; Evidentemente esta aproximaci&#243;n epidemiol&#243;gica asume que los datos pueden no ser homog&#233;neos&#44; dependiendo del centro del que provengan&#46; Con el fin de determinar si las muestras poblacionales de &#225;reas geogr&#225;ficas diferentes son equiparables&#44; se describe el &#237;ndice MOAHLFA <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">&#40;Male&#44; Occupational dermatitis&#44; Atopy&#44; Hand&#44; Leg&#44; Face&#44; Age<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#62;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>40&#41;</span> de cada poblaci&#243;n de estudio&#46; Este indicador expresa en porcentaje las caracter&#237;sticas epidemiol&#243;gicas de cada poblaci&#243;n estudiada que pueden condicionar <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">a priori</span> los resultados de las pruebas epicut&#225;neas<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0200"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">10&#44;11</span></a>&#46;</p><p id="par0020" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">La frecuencia de sensibilizaci&#243;n hallada en una unidad de dermatitis de contacto a los al&#233;rgenos de la bater&#237;a est&#225;ndar var&#237;a dependiendo de la poblaci&#243;n que acude a esa unidad&#44; de los criterios de selecci&#243;n que se establezcan para parchear a los pacientes y del porcentaje de pacientes tratados por exposici&#243;n laboral<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0165"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">3</span></a>&#46; El Complejo Hospitalario Universitario Insular Materno Infantil &#40;CHUIMI&#41; pertenece al Servicio Canario de Salud y es el centro de referencia en Dermatolog&#237;a en el sur de Gran Canaria&#44; atendiendo a una poblaci&#243;n de unas 400&#46;000 personas dedicadas en gran parte a la explotaci&#243;n tur&#237;stica&#46;</p><p id="par0025" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Puesto que la descripci&#243;n y el seguimiento epidemiol&#243;gico de los sensibilizantes encontrados en cada unidad suponen la aproximaci&#243;n m&#225;s v&#225;lida para determinar las sensibilizaciones m&#225;s prevalentes<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0165"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">3</span></a>&#44; creemos conveniente revisar los resultados del CHUIMI durante un periodo prolongado&#46; Asimismo&#44; el an&#225;lisis de los datos constituye uno de los principales criterios de control de calidad de nuestra unidad&#46; El objetivo del presente trabajo es analizar los resultados de la Bater&#237;a Est&#225;ndar Espa&#241;ola en el CHUIMI desde 2005 hasta 2018 y compararlos con los datos publicados a nivel general y con otros centros similares<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0180"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">6&#44;12&#44;13</span></a>&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0010" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0070">Material y m&#233;todo</span><p id="par0030" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Se realiz&#243; un estudio descriptivo retrospectivo con la base de datos de la Unidad de Dermatitis de Contacto del Servicio de Dermatolog&#237;a del CHUIMI de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria basado en Access Office&#174; versi&#243;n 2007&#46; El estudio fue aprobado por el Comit&#233; de &#201;tica de la Investigaci&#243;n del Servicio Canario de Salud el d&#237;a 7 de abril de 2020&#46; Los datos recogidos fueron edad&#44; sexo&#44; antecedentes personales de dermatitis at&#243;pica&#44; localizaci&#243;n del eccema&#44; profesi&#243;n&#44; positividades a las 96<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>horas y relevancia de las positividades&#46;</p><p id="par0035" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Se incluyeron los pacientes parcheados con la Bater&#237;a Est&#225;ndar Espa&#241;ola desde enero de 2005 hasta junio de 2018&#46; Hasta el 1 de enero de 2017 las pruebas epicut&#225;neas se realizaron aplicando el <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">True Test</span> &#40;SmartPractice Denmark ApS Herredsvejen 2&#44; Hiller&#248;d&#44; Dinamarca&#41; y al&#233;rgenos complementarios seg&#250;n recomendaci&#243;n del GEIDAC<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0180"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">6&#44;13</span></a>&#46; A partir de entonces se utiliz&#243; la Bater&#237;a Est&#225;ndar Espa&#241;ola de Allergeaze &#40;Marti Tor Alergia S&#46;L&#46;&#44; Cervell&#243;&#44; Barcelona&#41;&#46; Los al&#233;rgenos de la &#250;ltima actualizaci&#243;n de la bater&#237;a est&#225;ndar se parchearon desde el 1 de enero de 2016&#46; Para dar continuidad temporal&#44; estad&#237;sticamente se consideraron equiparables Euxyl K400 y metildibromoglutaronitrilo&#44; as&#237; como la mezcla de quinole&#237;nas y clioquinol&#46;</p><p id="par0040" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Las pruebas epicut&#225;neas fueron realizadas seg&#250;n la gu&#237;a de la <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">European Society of Contact Dermatitis</span> &#40;ESCD&#41;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0160"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span></a>&#46; Se realiz&#243; lectura a las 48 y 96<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>horas en todos los pacientes y lectura tard&#237;a en los pacientes en los que se sospechara alergia a corticoides&#46; Se instruy&#243; a los pacientes para volver a las 168<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>horas si presentaban positividad tard&#237;a&#46; Se consideraron las respuestas positivas &#40;&#43;&#44; &#43;&#43; o &#43;&#43;&#43;&#41; y la relevancia se estableci&#243; seg&#250;n la cl&#237;nica del paciente y su historia de exposici&#243;n a al&#233;rgenos&#46;</p><p id="par0045" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Para el an&#225;lisis estad&#237;stico se emple&#243; la chi-cuadrado de Pearson para comparaci&#243;n de proporciones y se calcul&#243; el intervalo de confianza al 95&#37; de la diferencia de proporciones&#46; Se consider&#243; significativo un valor de p<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#60;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;05&#46; Para el ajuste por sexo y edad se utiliz&#243; la estandarizaci&#243;n de la <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">European Surveillance System on Contact Allergies</span> &#40;ESSCA&#41;&#58; mujer menor de 40<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>a&#241;os&#58; 32&#44;5&#37;&#59; mujer mayor de 40<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>a&#241;os&#58; 32&#44;5&#37;&#59; hombre menor de 40<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>a&#241;os&#58; 32&#44;5&#37;&#44; y hombre mayor de 40<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>a&#241;os&#58; 32&#44;5&#37;&#46; El programa estad&#237;stico empleado fue R Core Team 2020&#44; versi&#243;n 4&#46;0&#46;2&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0015" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0075">Resultados</span><p id="par0050" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Se incluyeron 1&#46;568 pacientes&#44; correspondiendo el 71&#44;6&#37; a mujeres&#46; Observamos una baja proporci&#243;n de pacientes con dermatitis ocupacional y atopia &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0005">tabla 1</a>&#41;&#46;</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="tbl0005"></elsevierMultimedia><p id="par0055" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Las sensibilizaciones m&#225;s frecuentes fueron n&#237;quel &#40;36&#44;5&#37;&#41;&#44; metilcloroisotiazolinona&#47;metilisotiazolinona &#40;11&#44;9&#37;&#41;&#44; metilisotiazolinona &#40;11&#44;8&#37;&#41;&#44; parafenilendiamina &#40;7&#44;5&#37;&#41; y dicromato pot&#225;sico &#40;6&#44;3&#37;&#41;&#46; Estos fueron tambi&#233;n los al&#233;rgenos con mayor relevancia presente&#46; Las positividades y las relevancias se muestran en la <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0010">tabla 2</a>&#46; Debido a la variabilidad en los criterios de atribuci&#243;n de relevancias&#44; no se considera este par&#225;metro en la discusi&#243;n de los al&#233;rgenos m&#225;s frecuentes&#46;</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="tbl0010"></elsevierMultimedia><p id="par0060" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">La evoluci&#243;n temporal de la sensibilizaci&#243;n a los cinco al&#233;rgenos m&#225;s frecuentes puede verse en la <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0005">figura 1</a>&#46;</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="fig0005"></elsevierMultimedia></span><span id="sec0020" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0080">Discusi&#243;n</span><p id="par0065" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Este estudio muestra la frecuencia de sensibilizaci&#243;n a al&#233;rgenos de la Bater&#237;a Est&#225;ndar Espa&#241;ola en poblaci&#243;n del sur de Gran Canaria&#44; una isla de clima subtropical&#44; poblaci&#243;n de origen europeo y cuya econom&#237;a se centra en la oferta tur&#237;stica&#46;</p><p id="par0070" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Hemos encontrado tres estudios en la literatura espa&#241;ola que realizan un an&#225;lisis de la bater&#237;a espa&#241;ola en el mismo marco temporal&#58; en Marbella desde 2005 hasta 2010<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0210"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">12</span></a> y dos estudios multic&#233;ntricos realizados en los a&#241;os 2008<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0215"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">13</span></a> y 2012<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0180"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">6</span></a>&#46; Cabe se&#241;alar que en este &#250;ltimo estudio est&#225;n incluidos pacientes de nuestra poblaci&#243;n&#46; La comparaci&#243;n con estos trabajos destaca una mayor frecuencia de sensibilizaci&#243;n en la muestra obtenida del CHUIMI&#46; Esto es m&#225;s notorio en los al&#233;rgenos m&#225;s frecuentes&#44; como n&#237;quel&#44; metilcloroisotiazolinona&#47;metilisotiazolinona&#44; metilisotiazolinona y parafenilendiamina &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0015">tabla 3</a>&#41;&#46; Esta diferente proporci&#243;n de sensibilizaci&#243;n se podr&#237;a justificar por las diferencias epidemiol&#243;gicas que se ponen de manifiesto en el &#237;ndice MOAHLFA &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0020">tabla 4</a>&#41;&#44; especialmente el mayor porcentaje de mujeres en la muestra estudiada&#44; que aumentar&#237;a la frecuencia de sensibilizaci&#243;n para la mayor&#237;a de al&#233;rgenos<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0155"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">1</span></a>&#46; Otra peculiaridad epidemiol&#243;gica de la poblaci&#243;n estudiada es que una gran parte trabaja en el sector tur&#237;stico&#44; con una alta estacionalidad en invierno&#44; y la prestaci&#243;n realizada en su mayor parte es por enfermedad com&#250;n del Servicio Canario de Salud&#46; Otra explicaci&#243;n que justificar&#237;a una mayor frecuencia de sensibilizaci&#243;n &#171;en bloque&#187; podr&#237;a ser la forma de trabajo<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0220"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">14</span></a> del Servicio de Dermatolog&#237;a del CHUIMI&#44; donde los pacientes son nuevamente historiados independientemente de si son remitidos por dermat&#243;logos o por otros especialistas&#44; indic&#225;ndose las pruebas epicut&#225;neas seg&#250;n el criterio del responsable de la unidad&#46; Seg&#250;n esto&#44; estimamos que dos tercios de los pacientes remitidos son finalmente parcheados&#46; Sin embargo&#44; llama la atenci&#243;n el alto porcentaje de pacientes con alguna positividad y la baja proporci&#243;n de relevancias presentes &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0025">tabla 5</a>&#41;&#46;</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="tbl0015"></elsevierMultimedia><elsevierMultimedia ident="tbl0020"></elsevierMultimedia><elsevierMultimedia ident="tbl0025"></elsevierMultimedia><p id="par0075" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Considerando que un contactante debe ser incluido en una bater&#237;a est&#225;ndar si presenta una frecuencia de sensibilizaci&#243;n superior al 0&#44;5-1&#37;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0165"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">3&#44;6</span></a>&#44; los datos del CHUIMI avalan la actualizaci&#243;n de la Bater&#237;a Est&#225;ndar Espa&#241;ola realizada en 2016&#44; destacando la metilisotiazolinona y la mezcla de fragancias<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>II&#44; que se encontrar&#237;an en el &#171;top 10&#187; de la bater&#237;a actualizada&#46; Asimismo&#44; tambi&#233;n parece justificada la introducci&#243;n del lyral &#40;2&#37;&#41; pero no de diazolinidil urea&#44; imidazolidinil urea ni fenoxietanol&#44; con una frecuencia en este estudio del 0&#44;4&#37;&#46; Respecto a los al&#233;rgenos retirados&#44; parece justificada la eliminaci&#243;n del clioquinol&#46; Aunque tanto el tiomersal como el mercurio presentaron una frecuencia de sensibilizaci&#243;n considerable&#44; su retirada de la bater&#237;a est&#225;ndar se debi&#243; a que est&#225;n prohibidos en el espacio europeo desde 2005 y a su baja relevancia cl&#237;nica&#46; La primina se retir&#243; por ser un al&#233;rgeno infrecuente en Espa&#241;a<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0180"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">6</span></a>&#46;</p><p id="par0080" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Se discuten con m&#225;s detalle los cinco al&#233;rgenos m&#225;s frecuentes en esta serie&#58; n&#237;quel&#44; metilcloroisotiazolinona&#47;metilisotiazolinona&#44; metilisotiazolinona&#44; parafenilendiamina y dicromato pot&#225;sico&#46;</p><span id="sec0025" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0085">N&#237;quel</span><p id="par0085" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">El n&#237;quel es un metal que forma parte de aleaciones&#44; siendo las sales de n&#237;quel las que producen dermatitis&#46; Su liberaci&#243;n y su penetraci&#243;n en la piel se favorecen por la sudoraci&#243;n&#46; La sensibilizaci&#243;n ocurre generalmente a edad temprana por pendientes de bisuter&#237;a<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0210"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">12</span></a>&#46; Hist&#243;ricamente la prevalencia de sensibilizaci&#243;n al n&#237;quel es mayor en Espa&#241;a que en Europa<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0225"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">15</span></a>&#46; Aunque en 1994 se estableci&#243; una normativa europea que regulaba la liberaci&#243;n de n&#237;quel en joyas&#44; esta no se hizo efectiva hasta 2001&#46; Podemos ver en la <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0005">figura 1</a> un descenso progresivo de sensibilizaci&#243;n en la poblaci&#243;n estudiada&#44; pese a lo cual se ha mantenido una alta proporci&#243;n de pacientes con relevancia presente&#44; al igual que en otros estudios<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0230"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">16</span></a>&#46;</p><p id="par0090" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">La mayor frecuencia de sensibilizaci&#243;n en esta muestra parece justificada principalmente por la mayor proporci&#243;n de mujeres<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0155"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">1&#44;15</span></a>&#46; Otro estudio realizado en la poblaci&#243;n de Tenerife<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0235"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">17</span></a> muestra tambi&#233;n una frecuencia de sensibilizaci&#243;n muy elevada&#44; por lo que&#44; adem&#225;s del sexo&#44; pudiera haber factores locales o geogr&#225;ficos que favorecieran esta sensibilizaci&#243;n&#46; La mayor sudoraci&#243;n debido a la mayor temperatura media registrada en las Islas Canarias o un posible uso incrementado de bisuter&#237;a en nuestro entorno podr&#237;an ser factores que debieran tenerse en cuenta&#46;</p><p id="par0095" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Se ha postulado que la exposici&#243;n oral al n&#237;quel puede generar tolerancia inmunol&#243;gica&#46; El uso de ortodoncia previo al uso de <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">piercings</span> se ha mostrado como factor protector para la sensibilizaci&#243;n al n&#237;quel<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0240"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">18</span></a>&#46; Asimismo&#44; se ha observado que las poblaciones que beben agua con alto contenido en n&#237;quel presentan una menor frecuencia de sensibilizaci&#243;n<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0245"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">19</span></a>&#46; La ingesta diaria de n&#237;quel en Canarias es inferior a la ingesta media establecida&#44; siendo adem&#225;s esta cantidad inferior a la hallada en la mayor&#237;a de pa&#237;ses europeos estudiados<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0250"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">20</span></a>&#46; Este podr&#237;a ser otro factor que favoreciera la discrepancia hallada en nuestra poblaci&#243;n&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0030" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0090">Metilcloroisotiazolinona&#47;metilisotiazolinona &#40;MCl&#47;MIT&#41; y metilisotiazolinona &#40;MIT&#41;</span><p id="par0100" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">MCl&#47;MIT &#40;mezcla de ambos componentes conocida m&#225;s frecuentemente como Kathon CG&#174;&#41; y MIT son conservantes que en Europa se han utilizado como biocidas en cosm&#233;ticos&#46; Actualmente est&#225; permitido su empleo en productos de limpieza&#44; pinturas y otros productos industriales&#44; siendo un factor de riesgo de sensibilizaci&#243;n el pertenecer a profesiones en contacto con estos productos&#46; Desde 2015 se proh&#237;be MCl&#47;MIT en productos cosm&#233;ticos sin aclarado&#44; a&#241;adi&#233;ndose la MIT desde 2016 y limit&#225;ndose en 2017 a una concentraci&#243;n m&#225;xima de 15<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>ppm en los productos con aclarado<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0255"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">21</span></a>&#46; Con los sucesivos cambios legislativos se ha visto un descenso de la frecuencia de sensibilizaci&#243;n en la poblaci&#243;n estudiada &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0005">fig&#46; 1</a>&#41; y en el resto de estudios espa&#241;oles<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0260"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">22</span></a>&#46;</p><p id="par0105" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Existen dos hechos que podr&#237;an justificar parcialmente la alta frecuencia de sensibilizaci&#243;n a MCl&#47;MIT y MIT en la muestra estudiada&#46; La sensibilizaci&#243;n a estos al&#233;rgenos es m&#225;s frecuente en mujeres<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0210"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">12&#44;22</span></a> y se asocia con la profesi&#243;n limpieza&#44; como ya ha sido estudiado previamente en la poblaci&#243;n del CHUIMI<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0265"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">23&#44;24</span></a>&#46; Gran parte de la muestra trabaja de manera estacional en el sector tur&#237;stico&#44; lo que puede justificar la alta frecuencia de sensibilizaci&#243;n&#46; Pese a que en el estudio realizado en Marbella solo encontraron un 3&#44;7&#37; de sensibilizaci&#243;n a MCl&#47;MIT en 2005-2010<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0210"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">12</span></a>&#44; es posible que este porcentaje se haya incrementado en a&#241;os posteriores&#44; como ocurri&#243; en Valencia&#44; donde la sensibilizaci&#243;n se increment&#243; del 4&#44;5&#37; en 2010 al 18&#44;9&#37; en 2015<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0260"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">22</span></a>&#46; Tambi&#233;n en Valencia se ha reportado una tasa de sensibilizaci&#243;n a MIT elevada&#44; llegando hasta el 8&#44;8&#37; en 2013<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0275"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">25</span></a>&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0035" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0095">Parafenilendiamina &#40;PPD&#41;</span><p id="par0110" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">La PPD se emplea como tinte industrial&#44; de cabellos y tintes caseros&#46; Pese a la normativa de 2009 que establece una concentraci&#243;n m&#225;xima de PPD en tintes capilares del 2&#37; y a su prohibici&#243;n en tatuajes temporales y permanentes&#44; estas siguen siendo las principales fuentes de sensibilizaci&#243;n<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0280"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">26</span></a>&#46; En un estudio realizado en la poblaci&#243;n del CHUIMI se demostr&#243; una correlaci&#243;n entre la edad del paciente sensibilizado y el origen de dicha sensibilizaci&#243;n&#58; en ni&#241;os estaba mayoritariamente relacionada con el uso de tatuajes de henna&#44; en pacientes de edad media ocurr&#237;a por factor ocupacional &#40;peluqueras&#41; y en pacientes de edad avanzada se presentaba en usuarias de tintes capilares<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0285"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">27</span></a>&#46; Podemos ver en la <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0005">figura 1</a> que la sensibilizaci&#243;n a PPD se ha mantenido estable en la poblaci&#243;n estudiada&#44; tal y como ocurre en el resto de series<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0290"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">28</span></a>&#46;</p><p id="par0115" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Se han establecido como factores de riesgo de sensibilizaci&#243;n a PPD el sexo femenino<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0290"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">28</span></a>&#44; edad &#62;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>40<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>a&#241;os<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0285"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">27&#44;28</span></a>&#44; usar tonalidades m&#225;s oscuras<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0280"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">26</span></a> y las profesiones peluquer&#237;a&#44; conducci&#243;n&#44; limpieza e imprentas<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0290"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">28</span></a>&#46; Una mayor prevalencia de sensibilizaci&#243;n a PPD en la poblaci&#243;n del CHUIMI ya hab&#237;a sido publicada<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0285"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">27</span></a>&#46; Teniendo en cuenta los factores de riesgo mencionados&#44; esta mayor frecuencia parece estar en relaci&#243;n con una mayor proporci&#243;n de mujeres y una edad media superior a la del resto de series &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0020">tabla 4</a>&#41;&#46; Tambi&#233;n es posible que haya una diferente distribuci&#243;n laboral a la del resto de centros<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0170"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">4</span></a>&#44; teniendo el 5&#44;5&#37; de los pacientes estudiados la profesi&#243;n peluquer&#237;a-esteticista&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0040" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0100">Dicromato pot&#225;sico</span><p id="par0120" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Las fuentes m&#225;s frecuentes de exposici&#243;n son el cemento h&#250;medo y los productos de cuero curtidos con cromo&#46; Desde 2005 se restringe el uso de cementos con m&#225;s de 2<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>ppm de cromo<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0295"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">29</span></a>&#44; observ&#225;ndose en la <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0005">figura 1</a> un descenso en la sensibilizaci&#243;n al mismo en nuestra poblaci&#243;n&#46;</p><p id="par0125" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Aunque en la poblaci&#243;n estudiada se aprecia una alta proporci&#243;n de pacientes sensibilizados a cromo&#44; esta fue mayor en otras zonas de Espa&#241;a<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0210"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">12</span></a>&#46; Dado que esta sensibilizaci&#243;n est&#225; cl&#225;sicamente asociada a dermatitis ocupacional<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0295"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">29</span></a>&#44; lo m&#225;s probable es que el diferente grado de sensibilizaci&#243;n se deba a la distribuci&#243;n laboral de cada poblaci&#243;n de estudio&#46; De hecho&#44; vemos una clara correlaci&#243;n en las series analizadas&#58; aquellas con un mayor porcentaje de dermatitis ocupacional presentan una mayor frecuencia de sensibilizaci&#243;n a cromo que aquellas con una menor proporci&#243;n de dermatitis ocupacional &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0015">tabla 3</a> y <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0020">tabla 4</a>&#41;&#46;</p></span></span><span id="sec0045" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0105">Limitaciones</span><p id="par0130" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Este estudio se limita a un &#250;nico centro&#44; y la relevancia de los al&#233;rgenos se determin&#243; seg&#250;n la historia cl&#237;nica&#46;</p><p id="par0135" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">La ausencia de estudios en la literatura espa&#241;ola realizados en el mismo periodo de tiempo y la ausencia de datos p&#250;blicos de distribuci&#243;n laboral poblacional por provincias dificulta la comparaci&#243;n de los datos entre diferentes estudios&#46;</p><p id="par0140" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Por &#250;ltimo&#44; hemos de se&#241;alar los cambios en la composici&#243;n de la Bater&#237;a Est&#225;ndar Espa&#241;ola en 2012 y 2016&#44; que hacen que ciertos al&#233;rgenos solo se midieran en algunos a&#241;os del periodo estudiado&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0050" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0110">Conclusiones</span><p id="par0145" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Con mayor frecuencia los resultados de la serie estudiada coinciden con los al&#233;rgenos que ocasionan m&#225;s frecuente sensibilizaci&#243;n en Espa&#241;a&#44; destacando especialmente n&#237;quel&#44; metilcloroisotiazolinona&#47;metilisotiazolinona&#44; metilisotiazolinona y parafenilendiamina&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0055" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0115">Conflicto de intereses</span><p id="par0150" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Los autores declaran no tener ning&#250;n conflicto de intereses&#46;</p></span></span>"
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          "titulo" => "Conclusiones"
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          "titulo" => "Conflicto de intereses"
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          "titulo" => "Agradecimientos"
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          "titulo" => "Bibliograf&#237;a"
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    "pdfFichero" => "main.pdf"
    "tienePdf" => true
    "fechaRecibido" => "2020-12-28"
    "fechaAceptado" => "2022-02-27"
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          "identificador" => "xpalclavsec1532005"
          "palabras" => array:5 [
            0 => "Bater&#237;a est&#225;ndar espa&#241;ola"
            1 => "Dermatitis de contacto"
            2 => "Prueba epicut&#225;neas"
            3 => "Gran Canaria"
            4 => "Islas Canarias"
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        "resumen" => "<span id="abst0005" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0010">Introducci&#243;n y objetivos</span><p id="spar0005" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">El eccema de contacto es un motivo frecuente de consulta&#46; El grado y la frecuencia de sensibilizaci&#243;n a al&#233;rgenos var&#237;an dependiendo de la poblaci&#243;n de referencia atendida&#46; Revisamos los resultados de sensibilizaci&#243;n a al&#233;rgenos de la Bater&#237;a Est&#225;ndar Espa&#241;ola en una poblaci&#243;n dedicada mayoritariamente al sector tur&#237;stico &#40;Islas Canarias&#41;&#46;</p></span> <span id="abst0010" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0015">Material y m&#233;todos</span><p id="spar0010" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Estudio descriptivo retrospectivo tomando la base de datos de la Unidad de Dermatitis de Contacto del Servicio de Dermatolog&#237;a del Complejo Hospitalario Universitario Insular de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria&#44; incluy&#233;ndose pacientes parcheados con la Bater&#237;a Est&#225;ndar Espa&#241;ola desde enero de 2005 hasta junio de 2018&#46; Se recogieron edad&#44; sexo&#44; atopia&#44; localizaci&#243;n&#44; positividades y relevancia&#46;</p></span> <span id="abst0015" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0020">Resultados</span><p id="spar0015" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Se estudiaron 1&#46;568 pacientes&#46; El 71&#44;6&#37; fueron mujeres&#44; con una baja proporci&#243;n de atopia &#40;14&#44;2&#37;&#41; y dermatitis ocupacional &#40;15&#44;8&#37;&#41;&#46; La mayor&#237;a fueron mayores de 40<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>a&#241;os &#40;65&#44;2&#37;&#41;&#46; Los al&#233;rgenos positivos m&#225;s frecuentes fueron n&#237;quel &#40;36&#44;5&#37;&#41;&#44; metilcloroisotiazolinona&#47;metilisotiazolinona &#40;11&#44;9&#37;&#41;&#44; metilisotiazolinona &#40;11&#44;8&#37;&#41;&#44; parafenilendiamina &#40;7&#44;5&#37;&#41; y dicromato pot&#225;sico &#40;6&#44;3&#37;&#41;&#46;</p></span> <span id="abst0020" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0025">Conclusiones</span><p id="spar0020" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">En la poblaci&#243;n estudiada se observa una mayor frecuencia de sensibilizaci&#243;n respecto al resto de Espa&#241;a para la mayor&#237;a de los al&#233;rgenos&#44; siendo estas diferencias especialmente llamativas en el caso del n&#237;quel&#44; de la metilcloroisotiazolinona&#47;metilisotiazolinona y de la parafenilendiamina&#46;</p></span>"
        "secciones" => array:4 [
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          1 => array:2 [
            "identificador" => "abst0010"
            "titulo" => "Material y m&#233;todos"
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            "identificador" => "abst0015"
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      "en" => array:3 [
        "titulo" => "Abstract"
        "resumen" => "<span id="abst0025" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0035">Background and objectives</span><p id="spar0025" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Contact dermatitis is a common reason for consultation in dermatology&#46; Sensitization levels and frequency&#44; however&#44; vary from one population to the next&#46; The aim of this study was to review patch test results showing sensitization to allergens in the Spanish standard series in the Canary Islands&#44; where a large proportion of the population works in tourism&#46;</p></span> <span id="abst0030" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0040">Material and methods</span><p id="spar0030" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Retrospective&#44; descriptive study of data from the dermatology department&#39;s contact dermatitis unit at Complejo Hospitalario Universitario Insular in Las Palmas de Gran Canaria&#44; Spain&#46; We studied results recorded for patients patch tested with the Spanish standard series between January 2005 and June 2018&#46;</p></span> <span id="abst0035" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0045">Results</span><p id="spar0035" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Data for 1568 patients were studied&#59; 71&#46;6&#37; were women&#44; and overall rates of atopy &#40;14&#46;2&#37;&#41; and occupational dermatitis &#40;15&#46;8&#37;&#41; were low&#46; Most patients with a positive test &#40;65&#46;2&#37;&#41; were older than 40<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>years&#46; The main allergens eliciting positive reactions were nickel &#40;36&#46;5&#37;&#41;&#44; methylchloroisothiazolinone&#47;methylisothiazolinone &#40;11&#46;9&#37;&#41;&#44; methylisothiazolinone &#40;11&#46;8&#37;&#41;&#44; paraphenylenediamine &#40;7&#46;5&#37;&#41;&#44; and potassium dichromate &#40;6&#46;3&#37;&#41;&#46;</p></span> <span id="abst0040" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0050">Conclusions</span><p id="spar0040" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Contact sensitization rates were higher than those reported elsewhere in Spain for most of the allergens studied&#46; The differences were particularly notable for nickel&#44; methylchloroisothiazolinone&#47;methylisothiazolinone&#44; and paraphenylenediamine&#46;</p></span>"
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                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">PPD&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">7&#44;5 &#40;118&#47;1&#46;568&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">4&#44;9 &#40;77&#47;1&#46;568&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Dicromato pot&#225;sico&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">6&#44;3 &#40;98&#47;1&#46;568&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">3&#44;8 &#40;60&#47;1&#46;568&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Cloruro de cobalto&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">5&#44;8 &#40;91&#47;1&#46;568&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">1&#44;8 &#40;29&#47;1&#46;568&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">MDBGN&#47;Euxyl K400&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">3&#44;7 &#40;58&#47;1&#46;568&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">0&#44;7 &#40;11&#47;1&#46;568&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Mezcla de fragancias<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>II<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tblfn0005"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">a</span></a>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">3&#44;6 &#40;19&#47;524&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">2&#44;5 &#40;13&#47;524&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Mezcla de fragancias<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>I&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">3&#44;1 &#40;48&#47;1&#46;568&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">1&#44;9 &#40;30&#47;1&#46;568&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Mezcla de carbas&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">2&#44;9 &#40;45&#47;1&#46;568&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">0&#44;8 &#40;12&#47;1&#46;568&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Mezcla de tiuram&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">2&#44;7 &#40;43&#47;1&#46;568&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">1&#44;1 &#40;17&#47;1&#46;568&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">B&#225;lsamo de Per&#250;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">2&#44;6 &#40;41&#47;1&#46;568&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">0&#44;8 &#40;12&#47;1&#46;568&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Resina de P-ter-butilfenol formaldeh&#237;do&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">2&#44;4 &#40;38&#47;1&#46;568&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">1&#44;2 &#40;18&#47;1&#46;568&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Colofonia&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">2 &#40;31&#47;1&#46;568&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">0&#44;8 &#40;13&#47;1&#46;568&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Formaldeh&#237;do&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">1&#44;7 &#40;27&#47;1&#46;568&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">0&#44;6 &#40;9&#47;1&#46;568&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Lyral<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tblfn0005"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">a</span></a>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">1&#44;7 &#40;9&#47;524&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">1&#44;2 &#40;6&#47;524&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Mercaptobenzotiazol&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">1&#44;4 &#40;22&#47;1&#46;568&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">1 &#40;15&#47;1&#46;568&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Mezcla de ca&#237;nas&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">1&#44;3 &#40;21&#47;1&#46;568&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">0&#44;3 &#40;5&#47;1&#46;568&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">IPPD &#47; Mezcla de gomas negras&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">1&#44;3 &#40;20&#47;1&#46;568&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">0&#44;6 &#40;9&#47;1&#46;568&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Resina epoxi&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">1&#44;2 &#40;18&#47;1&#46;568&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">0&#44;3 &#40;5&#47;1&#46;568&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Mezcla mercapto&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">1 &#40;16&#47;1&#46;568&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">0&#44;7 &#40;11&#47;1&#46;568&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Alcoholes de la lana&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">1 &#40;15&#47;1&#46;568&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">0&#44;6 &#40;10&#47;1&#46;568&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Diclorato de etilendiamina&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">0&#44;9 &#40;14&#47;1&#46;568&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">0&#44;4 &#40;6&#47;1&#46;568&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Quaternium-15&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">0&#44;8 &#40;12&#47;1&#46;568&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">0&#44;2 &#40;3&#47;1&#46;568&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Sulfato de neomicina&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">0&#44;6 &#40;10&#47;1&#46;568&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">0&#44;1 &#40;1&#47;1&#46;568&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Budesonida&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">0&#44;6 &#40;3&#47;524&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">0 &#40;0&#47;524&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">0&#44;2 &#40;1&#47;524&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">Imidazolidinil urea<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tblfn0010"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">b</span></a>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">0&#44;4 &#40;2&#47;524&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">0&#44;2 &#40;1&#47;524&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Mezcla de parabenos&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">0&#44;3 &#40;4&#47;1&#46;568&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">0&#44;1 &#40;1&#47;1&#46;568&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Diazolidinil urea<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tblfn0010"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">b</span></a>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">0&#44;2 &#40;1&#47;524&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">0 &#40;0&#47;524&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Mezcla de lactonas&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">0&#44;1 &#40;1&#47;1&#46;568&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">0&#44;1 &#40;1&#47;1&#46;568&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">Pivalato de tixocortol&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">Tiomersal<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tblfn0015"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">c</span></a>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">0&#44;1 &#40;1&#47;1&#46;190&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">Primina<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#tblfn0005"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">a&#44;c</span></a>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">0&#44;2 &#40;1&#47;517&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">Clioquinol&#47;mezcla de quinole&#237;nas<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tblfn0015"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">c</span></a>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">0&#44;3 &#40;4&#47;1&#46;190&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">0&#44;2 &#40;2&#47;1&#46;190&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr></tbody></table>
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              "nota" => "<p class="elsevierStyleNotepara" id="npar0015">Retirados de la Bater&#237;a Est&#225;ndar&#46;</p> <p class="elsevierStyleNotepara" id="npar0020">IPPD&#58; isopropil-N-fenil-p-fenilendiamina&#59; MCl&#47;MIT&#58; metilcloroisotiazolinona&#47;metilisotiazolinona&#59; MDBGN&#58; metildibromoglutaronitrilo&#59; MIT&#58; metilisotiazolinona&#59; PPD&#58; parafenilendiamina&#46;</p>"
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                  \t\t\t\t\tvoid\n
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                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Al&#233;rgeno&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">GC 2005-2018&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Marbella 2005-2010<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0210"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">12</span></a>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Espa&#241;a 2008<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0215"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">13</span></a>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Espa&#241;a 2012<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0180"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">6</span></a>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">N&#237;quel&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">36&#44;5&#37;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">25&#44;9&#37;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">25&#44;4&#37;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">25&#44;3&#37;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">MCl&#47;MIT&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">11&#44;9&#37;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">8&#44;4&#37;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">MIT<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tblfn0025"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">b</span></a>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">11&#44;8&#37;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">&#8722;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">&#8722;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">PPD&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">7&#44;5&#37;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">4&#44;2&#37;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">4&#44;5&#37;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Dicromato pot&#225;sico&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">6&#44;3&#37;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">7&#44;6&#37;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">5&#44;8&#37;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">5&#37;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Cloruro de cobalto&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">5&#44;8&#37;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">4&#44;5&#37;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">5&#44;2&#37;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">5&#44;3&#37;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">MDBGN&#47;Euxyl K400&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">3&#44;7&#37;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">&#8722;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">&#8722;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">2&#44;1&#37;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Mezcla de fragancias<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>II&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">3&#44;6&#37;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">&#8722;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">&#8722;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">2&#44;9&#37;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Mezcla de fragancias<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>I&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">3&#44;1&#37;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">3&#44;8&#37;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">5&#37;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">4&#44;4&#37;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Mezcla de carbas&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">2&#44;9&#37;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">2&#44;7&#37;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">1&#44;5&#37;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">2&#37;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Mezcla de tiuram&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">2&#44;7&#37;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">2&#44;4&#37;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">2&#44;2&#37;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">1&#44;7&#37;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">B&#225;lsamo de Per&#250;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">2&#44;6&#37;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">0&#44;7&#37;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">5&#44;1&#37;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">2&#44;5&#37;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Resina de P-ter-butilfenol formaldeh&#237;do&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">2&#44;4&#37;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">3&#37;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">0&#44;7&#37;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">1&#44;5&#37;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Colofonia&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">2&#37;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">1&#44;9&#37;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">1&#44;2&#37;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">1&#44;4&#37;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Formaldeh&#237;do&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">1&#44;7&#37;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">0&#44;6&#37;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">2&#44;6&#37;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">1&#44;4&#37;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Lyral&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">1&#44;7&#37;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">&#8722;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">&#8722;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">1&#44;2&#37;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Mercaptobenzotiazol&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">1&#44;4&#37;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">0&#44;6&#37;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">0&#44;9&#37;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">0&#44;4&#37;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Mezcla de ca&#237;nas&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">1&#44;3&#37;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">1&#44;9&#37;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">1&#44;7&#37;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">1&#44;5&#37;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">IPPD &#47; Mezcla de gomas negras&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">1&#44;3&#37;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">1&#44;7&#37;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">1&#44;2&#37;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">0&#44;8&#37;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Resina epoxi&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">1&#44;2&#37;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">0&#44;8&#37;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">0&#44;7&#37;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">1&#44;1&#37;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Mezcla mercapto&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">1&#37;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">0&#44;4&#37;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">1&#44;6&#37;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">0&#44;6&#37;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Alcoholes de la lana&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">1&#37;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">0&#44;7&#37;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">0&#44;7&#37;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">0&#44;6&#37;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Diclorato de etilendiamina&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">0&#44;9&#37;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">1&#44;3&#37;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">1&#44;1&#37;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">0&#44;9&#37;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Quaternium-15&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">0&#44;8&#37;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">1&#44;3&#37;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">1&#44;3&#37;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">1&#37;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Sulfato de neomicina&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">0&#44;6&#37;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">0&#44;5&#37;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">1&#44;2&#37;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">0&#44;9&#37;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Budesonida&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">0&#44;6&#37;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">0&#44;5&#37;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">1&#44;4&#37;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">0&#44;6&#37;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Fenoxietanol&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">0&#44;4&#37;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">&#8722;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">&#8722;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">0&#44;4&#37;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Imidazolidinil urea<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tblfn0025"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">b</span></a>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">0&#44;4&#37;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">0&#37;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">&#8722;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">0&#44;5&#37;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Mezcla de parabenos&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">0&#44;3&#37;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">0&#44;1&#37;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">0&#44;3&#37;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">0&#44;4&#37;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Diazolidinil urea<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tblfn0025"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">b</span></a>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">0&#44;2&#37;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">0&#44;2&#37;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">&#8722;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">0&#44;6&#37;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Mezcla de lactonas&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">0&#44;1&#37;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">0&#37;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">0&#44;2&#37;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">0&#44;5&#37;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Pivalato de tixocortol&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">0&#44;1&#37;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">0&#44;8&#37;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">0&#44;2&#37;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
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                            4 => "I&#46;R&#46; White"
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Article information
ISSN: 00017310
Original language: Spanish
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