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Vol. 101. Issue 4.
Pages 341-348 (May 2010)
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Vol. 101. Issue 4.
Pages 341-348 (May 2010)
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ATP-binding Cassette Transporter ABCB5 Gene is Expressed with Variability in Malignant Melanoma
Expresión variable del gen ABCB5 de las transportadoras de casetes de unión a ATP en el melanoma maligno
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I. Vásquez-Moctezumaa, M.A. Meraz-Ríosb, C.G. Villanueva-Lópeza, M. Magañac, R. Martínez-Maciasd, D.J. Sánchez-Gonzáleze, F. García-Sierraf, N.E. Herrera-Gonzáleza,
Corresponding author
neherrera@gmail.com

Corresponding author.
a Escuela Superior de Medicina, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, México DF, México
b Departamento de Biomedicina Molecular, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional (CINVESTAV-IPN), México DF, México
c Hospital General de México, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), México DF, México
d Unidad de Oncología, Hospital General de México, México DF, México
e Escuela Médico Militar, Universidad de Falcan (UDEFA), México DF, México
f Departamento de Biología Celular, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional (CINVESTAV-IPN), México DF, México
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Abstract
Background

Melanoma is a malignant neoplasm with high metastatic disease risk and elevated mortality. Incidence of melanoma varies according to geographic region and genetic background. Epidemiological studies indicate that acral melanoma (AM) is among the most common melanomas in the Mexican population. While extensive studies have identified genes associated with melanoma, little is known about the genes involved in the pathogenesis of AM.

Objective

To compare the gene expression patterns between primary melanoma and normal skin.

Methods

We used 10 samples of fresh acral melanomas and normal skin for the study of differential gene expression and 22 samples of melanoma for in situ hybridization.

Results

We first identified a gene that was present in a sample of AM and absent in normal skin. DNA sequencing of this differentially expressed gene revealed that it corresponded to ABCB5, a gene recently implicated in the regulation of progenitor cell fusion. Furthermore, we detected ABCB5 expression in other melanoma specimens by RT-PCR. We showed that nine out of ten melanomas were positive for ABCB5 while only one melanoma and normal skin samples were negative. All ABCB5 expressing melanomas had variable gene expression according to in situ hybridization studies, suggesting that the ABCB5 gene may be differentially regulated by individual melanomas.

Conclusions

The ABCB5 gene may be related to the properties of chemoresistance and aggressiveness of melanoma. The high expression found in samples of acral melanoma may provide more insight on the pathogenesis of this common type of melanoma in the Mexican population, frequently associated with poor prognosis.

Keywords:
Melanoma
ABCB gene
Gene expression
Differential display
Resumen
Introducción

El melanoma es una neoplasia maligna que presenta una elevada mortalidad y un alto riesgo de desarrollar metástasis. La incidencia de esta enfermedad varía en función de la región geográfica y el trasfondo genético. Estudios epidemiológicos indican que el melanoma acral es uno de los más comunes en la población mexicana. Hay una gran cantidad de estudios sobre genes asociados al melanoma, sin embargo, se sabe muy poco de los genes que se relacionan con el melanoma acral.

Objetivo

Comparar el patrón de expresión génica entre melanomas acrales primarios y piel sana.

Métodos

Se utilizaron muestras en fresco de 10 lesiones de melanoma acral y piel sana para el estudio de expresión diferencial de genes y 22 muestras de melanoma para la hibridación in situ.

Resultados

Identificamos un gen que estaba presente en una muestra de melanoma acral y ausente en la piel normal. La secuenciación de este gen reveló que correspondía al gen ABCB5, recientemente implicado en la regulación de la fusión de células progenitoras. Al realizar RT-PCR de otros melanomas se detectó la expresión de este gen: 9 de 10 melanomas fueron positivos para ABCB5. Todos los melanomas tuvieron una expresión variable de ABCB5 detectado por hibridación in situ, lo cual sugiere que el gen puede ser regulado diferencialmente en melanomas individuales.

Conclusiones

El gen ABCB5 podría estar relacionado con las propiedades de resistencia a la quimioterapia y la agresividad del melanoma. La elevada expresión encontrada en las muestras de melanoma acral podría ayudar a la mejor comprensión de la patogenia de esta forma frecuente de melanoma en la población mexicana, que se asocia generalmente con un peor pronóstico.

Palabras clave:
Melanoma
Gen ABCB5
Expresión génica
Expresión diferencial de genes
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