Continuing medical education
Psoriasis and comorbid diseases: Epidemiology

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaad.2016.07.064Get rights and content

Psoriasis is a common chronic inflammatory disease of the skin that is increasingly being recognized as a systemic inflammatory disorder. Psoriatic arthritis is a well-known comorbidity of psoriasis. A rapidly expanding body of literature in various populations and settings supports additional associations between psoriasis and cardiometabolic diseases, gastrointestinal diseases, kidney disease, malignancy, infection, and mood disorders. The pathogenesis of comorbid disease in patients with psoriasis remains unknown; however, shared inflammatory pathways, cellular mediators, genetic susceptibility, and common risk factors are hypothesized to be contributing elements. As additional psoriasis comorbidities continue to emerge, education of health care providers is essential to ensuring comprehensive medical care for patients with psoriasis.

Key words

cardiovascular disease
chronic kidney disease
comorbidities
Crohn's disease
depression
metabolic syndrome
nonalcoholic fatty liver disease
psoriasis
psoriatic arthritis
lymphoma
infection

Abbreviations used

BMI
body mass index
BSA
body surface area
CAD
coronary artery disease
CD
Crohn's disease
CEC
cholesterol efflux capacity
CHD
coronary heart disease
CKD
chronic kidney disease
CTCL
cutaneous T-cell lymphoma
CV
cardiovascular
CVD
cardiovascular disease
ESRD
end-stage renal disease
FDG
fluorodeoxyglucose
FRS
Framingham Risk Score
HDL
high-density lipoprotein
IBD
inflammatory bowel disease
IHD
ischemic heart disease
MACE
major adverse cardiovascular events
MI
myocardial infarction
NAFLD
nonalcoholic fatty liver disease
NASH
nonalcoholic steatohepatitis
NMSC
nonmelanoma skin cancer
OR
odds ratio
PET/CT
positron emission tomography/computed tomography
PsA
psoriatic arthritis
RA
rheumatoid arthritis
RR
relative risk or risk ratio
UC
ulcerative colitis

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Supported in part by National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases grants K24AR064310 (Dr Gelfand), T32AR00746532 (Ms Grewal), K23AR063764 (Dr Ogdie), and K23AR068433 (Dr Takeshita), a Dermatology Foundation Career Development Award (Dr Takeshita), the Intramural Research Program at the National Institutes of Health grant ZIAHL006193-02 (Mehta), and a National Institute for Health Research Clinician Scientist Fellowship (grant NIHR/CS/010/014 to Dr Langan). The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the UK Department of Health.

Dr Takeshita has received a research grant (to the Trustees of the University of Pennsylvania) from Pfizer Inc and payment for continuing medical education work related to psoriasis. Dr Mehta is a full-time employee of the US Government. Dr Ogdie receives research grants from AbbVie (to the Group for Research and Assessment of Psoriasis and Psoriatic Arthritis [GRAPPA]), Celgene (to GRAPPA), and Pfizer Inc (to the Trustees of the University of Pennsylvania and GRAPPA), and has served as a consultant for Novartis, receiving honoraria. Dr Van Voorhees has served as a consultant for AbbVie, Amgen, Aqua, AstraZeneca, Celgene, Corrona, Dermira, Janssen, Leo, Novartis, and Pfizer, receiving honoraria; received a research grant from AbbVie; and has other relationship with Merck. Dr Gelfand has served as a consultant for AbbVie, AstraZeneca, Celgene Corp, Coherus, Eli Lilly, Janssen Biologics (formerly Centocor), Sanofi, Merck, Novartis Corp, Endo, and Pfizer Inc, receiving honoraria; receives research grants (to the Trustees of the University of Pennsylvania) from AbbVie, Amgen, Eli Lilly, Janssen, Novartis Corp, Regeneron, and Pfizer Inc; and received payment for continuing medical education work related to psoriasis. Dr Gelfand is a co–patent holder of resiquimod for treatment of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma. No other potential conflicts of interest were declared by the authors.

Date of release: March 2017

Expiration date: March 2020

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