A management approach to incompletely excised basal cell carcinomas of skin

Abstract

There were 187 incompletely resected basal cell carcinomas (BCC) of skin referred to the Princess Margaret Hospital between 1970 and 1985. Median age at presentation was 62 years. The commonest location of these lesions was in the head and neck region (93%). One hundred twenty lesions were immediately treated: 119 were irradiated and 1 was excised. The remaining 67 lesions were managed expectantly. Follow-up time for the entire population ranged from 1 month to 17 years, with a median time of 2.7 years. The 5-year probability of remaining relapse-free in the group immediately treated was 91% versus 61% if managed expectantly (p = 0.0001). If only lateral margins were positive, the crude probability of local failure was $\text{3}\text{18}$ (17%), versus $\text{9}\text{27}$ (33%) if the deep margins were involved (p = 0.2). Once relapse occurred in the group of lesions treated expectantly, $\text{17}\text{20}$ (85%) of these relapses were salvaged by either radiation or surgery. The 10-year actuarial probability of local control for the lesions immediately treated and observed were similar: 92% and 90%, respectively (p = 0.5). An economic analysis revealed that immediate radiation treatment saved the health system only $223.00 per patient. Since there is no difference in the ultimate local control between these two approaches, and these elderly patients may be spared the morbidity of unnecessary treatments, it is suggested that a policy of observation may be adopted for basal cell carcinomas of skin which have been incompletely excised.