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Examination of three 4-mm biopsy specimens from nodules on the right upper limb showed a preserved epidermis and pronounced dermal fibrosis&#44; decreased skin appendages&#44; and a mild superficial and deep periadnexal and perivascular inflammatory infiltrate &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#fig0010">Figs&#46; 2 and 3</a>&#41;&#46; Mucin deposition observed with Alcian blue staining was insignificant&#46; Of note in the blood workup were antinuclear antibodies &#40;&#43;&#41; 1&#47;1280 and anti-RNA polymerase III &#40;&#43;&#41; &#40;RP155&#43;&#43;&#43; and RP11&#43;&#43; subunits&#41;&#46; Color Doppler ultrasound of the skin nodules showed moderately solid&#44; vascularized focal areas in the dermis&#46; Capillaroscopy showed nonspecific microcirculation alterations&#46;</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="fig0005"></elsevierMultimedia><elsevierMultimedia ident="fig0010"></elsevierMultimedia><elsevierMultimedia ident="fig0015"></elsevierMultimedia><p id="par0010" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleBold">What Is Your Diagnosis&#63;</span></p></span><span id="sec0010" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0010">Diagnosis</span><p id="par0015" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Based on the physical examination and the results of the histologic examination and other tests&#44; the patient was diagnosed with nodular morphea associated with systemic sclerosis&#46; The patient was treated with systemic mycophenolate mofetil and intralesional corticosteroid injections for the more severe lesions&#46; She was also evaluated by a rheumatologist&#44; who agreed with the diagnosis&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0015" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0015">Comment</span><p id="par0020" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Morphea&#44; or localized scleroderma&#44; is a rare autoimmune skin disorder characterized by skin and soft tissue inflammation and sclerosis&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0005"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">1</span></a> Nodular &#40;keloid&#41; morphea is a rare form of cutaneous sclerosis secondary to an excessive fibrotic reaction that leads to the formation of multiple skin nodules&#44; similar to keloids&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0010"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span></a> It has been described in association with localized scleroderma or systemic sclerosis with or without active systemic involvement&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0015"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">3</span></a> Clinically&#44; it is characterized by multiple&#44; firm&#44; raised lesions that vary in size from 2&#160;mm to 4 or 5&#160;mm&#44; do not cause pain&#44; generally appear spontaneously&#44; and tend to affect the trunk and upper extremities&#46; Nodules occur in the absence of previous trauma or lesions&#44; although there have been reports of external triggers&#44; including infections&#44; drugs&#44; and environmental exposures&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0020"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">4</span></a> Histologic findings vary and can show <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">a</span>&#41; characteristic hypertrophic or keloid scars&#44; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">b</span>&#41; characteristic scleroderma features&#44; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">c</span>&#41; a combination of morphea and keloid-like features in the same biopsy specimen&#44; and <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">d</span>&#41; morphea-like features in early-stage lesions and keloid-like features in later-stage lesions&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0025"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">5</span></a> Correlation of clinical and histopathologic findings and additional evidence of systemic involvement help confirm a suspected diagnosis of nodular morphea&#46; The differential diagnosis should include localized cutaneous mucinosis&#44; which occurs in association with systemic sclerosis or morphea&#46; Several treatment modalities have been described in the literature and include topical and intralesional corticosteroids&#44; systemic corticosteroids&#44; topical calcipotriol&#44; psoralen photochemotherapy&#44; cyclosporine&#44; <span class="elsevierStyleSmallCaps">d</span>-penicillamine&#44; methotrexate&#44; extracorporeal photochemotherapy&#44; and surgical excision&#46; The results&#44; however&#44; have been variable and unsatisfactory&#46;</p><p id="par0025" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Nodular morphea is a rare condition&#44; with approximately 40 cases described in the literature&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0030"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">6</span></a> It should be suspected in patients with extensive nodular or keloidal lesions&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0020" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0020">Conflicts of interest</span><p id="par0030" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest&#46;</p></span></span>"
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Case for Diagnosis
Multiple Keloid Nodules in a Middle-Aged Woman
Múltiples nódulos queloideos en paciente mujer de mediana edad
M.J. Hernández San Martína,
Corresponding author
majesus.hsm@gmail.com

Corresponding author.
, V. Kaplan Zapatab, C. Morales Huberc
a Departamento de Dermatología, Facultad de Medicina Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
b Servicio de Dermatología, Hospital del Salvador, Santiago, Chile
c Servicio de Patología, Hospital Clínico Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
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    "textoCompleto" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSections"><span id="sec0005" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0005">Case Report</span><p id="par0005" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">A 61-year-old woman presented with a 6-year history of spontaneous&#44; progressive skin nodules on her neck and trunk&#46; Her medical history was remarkable for hypothyroidism&#44; type 2 diabetes&#44; depression&#44; Raynaud phenomenon&#44; and fundoplication surgery for gastroesophageal reflux&#46; Physical examination showed microstomia and multiple&#44; well-circumscribed&#44; flesh-colored nodules on the neck&#44; anterior thorax&#44; back&#44; shoulders&#44; and arms &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0005">Fig&#46; 1</a>&#41;&#46; The nodules were not painful&#44; measured 5 to 10&#160;mm in diameter&#44; and were not fixed to the deep layers&#46; The patient also had a plaque measuring 30&#160;&#215;&#160;30 mm on each forearm and bilateral Raynaud phenomenon with an associated ulcer on the right index finger&#46; Examination of three 4-mm biopsy specimens from nodules on the right upper limb showed a preserved epidermis and pronounced dermal fibrosis&#44; decreased skin appendages&#44; and a mild superficial and deep periadnexal and perivascular inflammatory infiltrate &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#fig0010">Figs&#46; 2 and 3</a>&#41;&#46; Mucin deposition observed with Alcian blue staining was insignificant&#46; Of note in the blood workup were antinuclear antibodies &#40;&#43;&#41; 1&#47;1280 and anti-RNA polymerase III &#40;&#43;&#41; &#40;RP155&#43;&#43;&#43; and RP11&#43;&#43; subunits&#41;&#46; Color Doppler ultrasound of the skin nodules showed moderately solid&#44; vascularized focal areas in the dermis&#46; Capillaroscopy showed nonspecific microcirculation alterations&#46;</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="fig0005"></elsevierMultimedia><elsevierMultimedia ident="fig0010"></elsevierMultimedia><elsevierMultimedia ident="fig0015"></elsevierMultimedia><p id="par0010" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleBold">What Is Your Diagnosis&#63;</span></p></span><span id="sec0010" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0010">Diagnosis</span><p id="par0015" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Based on the physical examination and the results of the histologic examination and other tests&#44; the patient was diagnosed with nodular morphea associated with systemic sclerosis&#46; The patient was treated with systemic mycophenolate mofetil and intralesional corticosteroid injections for the more severe lesions&#46; She was also evaluated by a rheumatologist&#44; who agreed with the diagnosis&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0015" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0015">Comment</span><p id="par0020" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Morphea&#44; or localized scleroderma&#44; is a rare autoimmune skin disorder characterized by skin and soft tissue inflammation and sclerosis&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0005"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">1</span></a> Nodular &#40;keloid&#41; morphea is a rare form of cutaneous sclerosis secondary to an excessive fibrotic reaction that leads to the formation of multiple skin nodules&#44; similar to keloids&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0010"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span></a> It has been described in association with localized scleroderma or systemic sclerosis with or without active systemic involvement&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0015"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">3</span></a> Clinically&#44; it is characterized by multiple&#44; firm&#44; raised lesions that vary in size from 2&#160;mm to 4 or 5&#160;mm&#44; do not cause pain&#44; generally appear spontaneously&#44; and tend to affect the trunk and upper extremities&#46; Nodules occur in the absence of previous trauma or lesions&#44; although there have been reports of external triggers&#44; including infections&#44; drugs&#44; and environmental exposures&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0020"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">4</span></a> Histologic findings vary and can show <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">a</span>&#41; characteristic hypertrophic or keloid scars&#44; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">b</span>&#41; characteristic scleroderma features&#44; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">c</span>&#41; a combination of morphea and keloid-like features in the same biopsy specimen&#44; and <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">d</span>&#41; morphea-like features in early-stage lesions and keloid-like features in later-stage lesions&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0025"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">5</span></a> Correlation of clinical and histopathologic findings and additional evidence of systemic involvement help confirm a suspected diagnosis of nodular morphea&#46; The differential diagnosis should include localized cutaneous mucinosis&#44; which occurs in association with systemic sclerosis or morphea&#46; Several treatment modalities have been described in the literature and include topical and intralesional corticosteroids&#44; systemic corticosteroids&#44; topical calcipotriol&#44; psoralen photochemotherapy&#44; cyclosporine&#44; <span class="elsevierStyleSmallCaps">d</span>-penicillamine&#44; methotrexate&#44; extracorporeal photochemotherapy&#44; and surgical excision&#46; The results&#44; however&#44; have been variable and unsatisfactory&#46;</p><p id="par0025" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Nodular morphea is a rare condition&#44; with approximately 40 cases described in the literature&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0030"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">6</span></a> It should be suspected in patients with extensive nodular or keloidal lesions&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0020" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0020">Conflicts of interest</span><p id="par0030" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest&#46;</p></span></span>"
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Idiomas
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