Opinion Article
Editorial Policies and Equality: The Importance of Publishing an Author's Given Name
Políticas de igualdad en el proceso editorial. Importancia de incluir el nombre de pila en las publicaciones científicas
I. Betlloch-Mas
Servicio de Dermatología, Hospital General (Instituto de Investigación ISABIAL), Alicante, España
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Betlloch-Mas" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:3 [ "nombre" => "I." "apellidos" => "Betlloch-Mas" "email" => array:1 [ 0 => "betlloch_isa@gva.es" ] ] ] "afiliaciones" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "entidad" => "Servicio de Dermatología, Hospital General (Instituto de Investigación ISABIAL), Alicante, España" "identificador" => "aff0005" ] ] ] ] "titulosAlternativos" => array:1 [ "es" => array:1 [ "titulo" => "Políticas de igualdad en el proceso editorial. Importancia de incluir el nombre de pila en las publicaciones científicas" ] ] "textoCompleto" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSections"><p id="par0005" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The editors of scientific journals are the gatekeepers who ensure compliance with ethical standards throughout the publishing process. These standards cover different aspects, such as ensuring the authenticity of the manuscripts, the correct application of scientific work, and the originality of the authorship. The ethical framework that guarantees the development of the scientific process is based on detailed guidelines that are applied to different facets of research, such as the CONSORT guidelines, which have led to improved notification of randomized trials, the PRISMA guidelines for systematic reviews, and the ARRIVE guidelines for research on animals.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0105"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">1</span></a></p><p id="par0010" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">One of the aspects to be taken into account within this ethical framework is gender equality in scientific production. Most public bodies, scientific organizations, and research institutes include regulations on equality policies. Many scientific medical journals, such as <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">The Lancet</span> and <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Nature</span> at the international level, or <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Gaceta Sanitaria</span> in Spain,<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0110"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span></a> have adopted policies to promote gender equality in the publishing process, in line with the recommendations of the European Association of Science Editors.</p><p id="par0015" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">These policies include minimum recommendations on 2 aspects: how to take sex and gender into account in scientific publications, and actions to promote gender equality in journal management.</p><p id="par0020" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The first point, on recommendations regarding sex and gender in scientific publications, is based on the importance of considering sex and gender as determining factors of health and wellbeing, which must be properly considered among risk factors, biological mechanisms, clinical manifestations and disease treatment in any research process.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0105"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">1</span></a> Sex refers to the biological characteristics of men and women, and gender is based on socially conditioned inequalities. Both terms are often used interchangeably and although they are conceptually different, they may be interrelated and one may affect the other.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0115"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">3</span></a> The SAGER guidelines<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0105"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">1</span></a> were published to help authors to prepare their manuscripts; these guidelines provide indications on the equal incorporation of sex and gender in research and make it clear that integrating these aspects makes science more rigorous and ethical.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0120"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">4,5</span></a> Their design makes it possible to include evaluation of the presence of men and women, and the gender perspective in all manuscripts, as an integral part of the publishing process.</p><p id="par0025" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The second point refers to the promotion of gender equality in journal management and has to do with the presence of women in the decision-making bodies of journals and in the authorship of scientific publications. In general, representation of women in decision-making bodies in science, such as the editorial boards of journals, is low if we consider the high percentage of women with higher academic qualifications.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0110"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span></a> A study of 60 journals carried out in 2011<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0130"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">6</span></a> found that women on editorial boards accounted for les than 20%, and only 16% of editors in chief were women. Similarly, a smaller percentage of women was found on the editorial boards of 131 Spanish journals, although the proportion showed an upward trend.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0135"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">7</span></a></p><p id="par0030" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The participation of women in the authorship of scientific publications reveals different data. According to a global bibliometric analysis,<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0140"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">8</span></a> a smaller proportion of women than men are authors (first authors and co-authors), and manuscripts signed by women attract fewer citations.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0140"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">8</span></a> However, a potential improvement in the visibility of the careers of female researchers<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0145"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">9,10</span></a> and a trend toward a reduction in differences over the past decade were observed.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0155"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">11</span></a></p><p id="par0035" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Little data is available in Spain,<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0160"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">12</span></a> as most journals do not include the first names of their authors and the involvement of women in the authorship of scientific articles is therefore difficult to determine. Thus, when establishing basic recommendations regarding journal management, one of the first measures to consider to determine whether articles are signed by men or by women is to include the full name of the authors.</p><p id="par0040" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Raising the visibility of women in the area of science and innovation is one of the goals put forward at the recently created Observatory on Women, Science and Innovation for gender equality in the Spanish system of science, technology and innovation.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0165"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">13</span></a></p><p id="par0045" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Moreover, the Spanish Foundation for Science and Technology (FECTY)<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0170"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">14</span></a> recommends using the complete form of first names to distinguish between genders or potential homonyms. While databases may establish guidelines aimed at encouraging normalization of author names, their scope of action is restricted. Journals, however, are considered to be able to play an important role in normalizing names through their editorial policies and their instructions to authors.</p><p id="par0050" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Many bibliometric studies have been carried out in the field of dermatology to study scientific production in relation to authors, institutions, geographic areas, type of journal, topic field, and bibliographic references.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0175"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">15–17</span></a> It would also be helpful to include an analysis of author sex in the bibliometric studies. A review of different scientific publications in dermatology worldwide shows that many of these publications include the full names of the authors, whereas others, such as Actas Dermo-Sifilográficas has still not adopted this policy, thus making this gender analysis more difficult to perform. It is not known whether gaps that may hinder advancement in dermatology exist in the productivity of women who take part in authoring scientific publications.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0190"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">18</span></a></p><p id="par0055" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">There is a high percentage of women in medicine and specifically in dermatology,<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0195"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">19</span></a> and the number of female dermatologists in the Spanish Academy of Dermatology and Venereology (AEDV) has gradually increased.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0200"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">20</span></a> Women are strongly represented on the editorial board and management team of the journal <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Actas Dermo-Sifilográficas</span> and the same is probably true of scientific production; however, we cannot be sure of this, as it is currently impossible to determine the degree of participation of women in the publications because the full names of the authors are not shown.</p><p id="par0060" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Including the first names of authors in the articles of Actas Dermo-Sifilográficas would be an important step for measuring and analyzing the participation of women in its publications and would help to decide the equality policies to be applied.</p><p id="par0065" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The journal <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Actas Dermo-Sifilográficas</span> is an important channel for communicating scientific advances in the field of dermatology in Spanish and, as such, should include equality policies throughout the publishing process. This would be a further step in the commitment to progress in equality between the sexes in research.</p><p id="par0070" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Including the first names of authors may highlight the real situation of the publication, allow for bibliometric analyses that include gender analysis, and may be another element in the journal's progress toward excellence.</p></span>" "pdfFichero" => "main.pdf" "tienePdf" => true "fechaRecibido" => "2018-12-31" "fechaAceptado" => "2019-01-10" "NotaPie" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "☆" "nota" => "<p class="elsevierStyleNotepara" id="npar0005">Please cite this article as: Betlloch Mas I. Editorial Policies and Equality: The Importance of Publishing an Author's Given Name. 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| Year/Month | Html | Total | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2024 November | 13 | 12 | 25 |
| 2024 October | 80 | 35 | 115 |
| 2024 September | 77 | 19 | 96 |
| 2024 August | 84 | 54 | 138 |
| 2024 July | 56 | 28 | 84 |
| 2024 June | 70 | 34 | 104 |
| 2024 May | 73 | 28 | 101 |
| 2024 April | 63 | 31 | 94 |
| 2024 March | 56 | 26 | 82 |
| 2024 February | 45 | 34 | 79 |
| 2024 January | 37 | 30 | 67 |
| 2023 December | 38 | 22 | 60 |
| 2023 November | 43 | 31 | 74 |
| 2023 October | 42 | 24 | 66 |
| 2023 September | 57 | 30 | 87 |
| 2023 August | 27 | 26 | 53 |
| 2023 July | 35 | 27 | 62 |
| 2023 June | 35 | 39 | 74 |
| 2023 May | 60 | 29 | 89 |
| 2023 April | 38 | 23 | 61 |
| 2023 March | 53 | 25 | 78 |
| 2023 February | 46 | 19 | 65 |
| 2023 January | 26 | 29 | 55 |
| 2022 December | 42 | 42 | 84 |
| 2022 November | 33 | 25 | 58 |
| 2022 October | 39 | 23 | 62 |
| 2022 September | 18 | 39 | 57 |
| 2022 August | 20 | 35 | 55 |
| 2022 July | 24 | 37 | 61 |
| 2022 June | 22 | 29 | 51 |
| 2022 May | 47 | 39 | 86 |
| 2022 April | 56 | 31 | 87 |
| 2022 March | 47 | 62 | 109 |
| 2022 February | 71 | 31 | 102 |
| 2022 January | 94 | 42 | 136 |
| 2021 December | 62 | 45 | 107 |
| 2021 November | 75 | 44 | 119 |
| 2021 October | 137 | 62 | 199 |
| 2021 September | 60 | 34 | 94 |
| 2021 August | 48 | 26 | 74 |
| 2021 July | 61 | 19 | 80 |
| 2021 June | 68 | 25 | 93 |
| 2021 May | 63 | 34 | 97 |
| 2021 April | 147 | 42 | 189 |
| 2021 March | 79 | 24 | 103 |
| 2021 February | 50 | 15 | 65 |
| 2021 January | 46 | 13 | 59 |
| 2020 December | 44 | 16 | 60 |
| 2020 November | 39 | 15 | 54 |
| 2020 October | 22 | 7 | 29 |
| 2020 September | 19 | 11 | 30 |
| 2020 August | 20 | 12 | 32 |
| 2020 July | 11 | 18 | 29 |
| 2020 June | 17 | 19 | 36 |
| 2020 May | 21 | 14 | 35 |
| 2020 April | 22 | 11 | 33 |
| 2020 March | 22 | 5 | 27 |
| 2020 February | 8 | 7 | 15 |
| 2020 January | 2 | 4 | 6 |
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