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4&#37; Eo&#44; 9&#37; Baso&#44; and 10&#37; Meta&#41;&#44; and increased levels of erythrocyte sedimentation rate &#40;136<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>mm&#47;h&#41; and C-reactive protein &#40;9&#46;0<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>mg&#47;dl&#41;&#46; A biopsy specimen from the chest showed dense neutrophilic infiltration throughout the edematous dermis &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0005">Fig&#46; 1</a>c&#41;&#46; Bacterial culture resulted sterile&#46; Bone marrow biopsy revealed severe hypocellular bone marrow with a marked decrease of erythroblasts and megakaryocytes&#46; After admission&#44; systemic prednisolone &#40;20<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>mg&#47;day&#41; was started which resulted in the improvement of skin lesions&#46; However&#44; during the course&#44; she complained of severe muscle pain of the right thigh along with fever up to 39<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#176;C&#46; Examination by MRI showed edematous swelling on the right gluteus maximus muscle &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0005">Fig&#46; 1</a>d&#41;&#46; Unfortunately&#44; muscle biopsy was not performed&#44; because her general conditions worsened&#46; Serum creatine kinase level was not elevated and myositis was gradually improved without dose-up of prednisolone&#46; However&#44; her general condition was worsened&#44; and she died of disseminated intravascular coagulation&#44; renal failure&#44; and complete A-V block one month after admission&#46;</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="fig0005"></elsevierMultimedia><p id="par0010" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Sweet&#39;s syndrome is characterized by tender erythematous skin lesions accompanied by fever-up&#44; in which inflammatory cells predominantly consisted of neutrophils infiltrate diffusely in the dermis&#46; Sometimes Sweet&#39;s syndrome presents with atypical variants&#44;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0035"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">1</span></a> and bullous variant is histologically characterized by extensive neutrophilic exocytosis and severe edema of the upper dermis&#46; Whether cases of bullous Sweet&#39;s syndrome are commonly associated with hematological disorders is controversial&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0040"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">2&#44;3</span></a> In the present case&#44; bullous lesions were developed in a patient with active and severe MDS&#46; The patient had no other apparent triggers such as upper airway or gastrointestinal infections and the use of new drugs&#44; for the induction of Sweet&#39;s syndrome&#46; Also&#44; the patient developed non-bullous infiltrative erythema on the knee&#44; and muscle tenderness during the course&#46; So far&#44; several cases of extracutaneous manifestations of Sweet&#39;s syndrome have been reported involving the lung&#44; digestive tract&#44; joints&#44; lymph nodes&#44; liver&#44; spleen&#44; eyes&#44; central nervous system&#44; and bone&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0060"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">4</span></a> Only several cases of neutrophilic myositis have been reported in association with neutrophilic dermatosis<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0055"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">5</span></a>&#59; however&#44; to our knowledge&#44; there have been no reports of neutrophilic myositis in association with bullous Sweet&#39;s syndrome&#46; A previously reported case developed severe sterile neutrophilic myositis as the first manifestation of acute myelogenous leukemia&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0065"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">6</span></a> In the present case&#44; myositis was developed soon after admission&#44; which occurred almost concurrently with cutaneous manifestations&#46; Because of the increased risk of infection&#44; we did not escalate the dose of prednisolone&#59; however&#44; muscle lesions were transient and gradually improved&#46; Because muscle biopsy was not carried out&#44; it is uncertain that the patient developed neutrophilic myositis during the course&#46; Hematoma was unlikely&#44; but other factor such as infection was not denied&#44; because drainage procedures were not performed&#46; In such cases as immunocompromised patients like ours&#44; it is often difficult to decide whether other organ involvement is caused by aseptic neutrophilic infiltration or infection&#46;</p><span id="sec0005" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0005">Conflict of interests</span><p id="par0015" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The authors declare no conflict of interests&#46;</p></span></span>"
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Case and Research Letter
Bullous Sweet's syndrome with myositis
Síndrome de Sweet ampollar con miositis
K. Sato, T. Miura, M. Ohtsuka, T. Yamamoto
Corresponding author
toyamade@fmu.ac.jp

Corresponding author.
Department of Dermatology, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan
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    "textoCompleto" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSections"><p id="par0005" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">A 79-year-old female&#44; who had suffered from myelodysplastic syndrome &#40;MDS&#41; &#40;RAEB-1&#41;&#44; was referred to our department complaining of painful lesions on the neck&#44; chest and lower extremities with fever-up which appeared three weeks previously&#46; She had received occasional transfusion for her MDS&#44; but granulocyte-colony stimulating factor &#40;G-CSF&#41; was not administered&#46; Physical examination showed ill-defined&#44; tender edematous erythemas with bullous and erosive lesions on the chest &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0005">Fig&#46; 1</a>a&#41;&#46; In addition&#44; painful fresh-colored erythematous plaques were scattered on the lower extremities&#46; Laboratory examination showed slightly elevated white blood cell counts &#40;9100&#47;&#956;l with 27&#37; Band&#44; 29&#37; Seg&#44; 12&#37; Lym&#44; 4&#37; Mono&#44; 4&#37; Eo&#44; 9&#37; Baso&#44; and 10&#37; Meta&#41;&#44; and increased levels of erythrocyte sedimentation rate &#40;136<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>mm&#47;h&#41; and C-reactive protein &#40;9&#46;0<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>mg&#47;dl&#41;&#46; A biopsy specimen from the chest showed dense neutrophilic infiltration throughout the edematous dermis &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0005">Fig&#46; 1</a>c&#41;&#46; Bacterial culture resulted sterile&#46; Bone marrow biopsy revealed severe hypocellular bone marrow with a marked decrease of erythroblasts and megakaryocytes&#46; After admission&#44; systemic prednisolone &#40;20<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>mg&#47;day&#41; was started which resulted in the improvement of skin lesions&#46; However&#44; during the course&#44; she complained of severe muscle pain of the right thigh along with fever up to 39<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#176;C&#46; Examination by MRI showed edematous swelling on the right gluteus maximus muscle &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0005">Fig&#46; 1</a>d&#41;&#46; Unfortunately&#44; muscle biopsy was not performed&#44; because her general conditions worsened&#46; Serum creatine kinase level was not elevated and myositis was gradually improved without dose-up of prednisolone&#46; However&#44; her general condition was worsened&#44; and she died of disseminated intravascular coagulation&#44; renal failure&#44; and complete A-V block one month after admission&#46;</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="fig0005"></elsevierMultimedia><p id="par0010" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Sweet&#39;s syndrome is characterized by tender erythematous skin lesions accompanied by fever-up&#44; in which inflammatory cells predominantly consisted of neutrophils infiltrate diffusely in the dermis&#46; Sometimes Sweet&#39;s syndrome presents with atypical variants&#44;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0035"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">1</span></a> and bullous variant is histologically characterized by extensive neutrophilic exocytosis and severe edema of the upper dermis&#46; Whether cases of bullous Sweet&#39;s syndrome are commonly associated with hematological disorders is controversial&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0040"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">2&#44;3</span></a> In the present case&#44; bullous lesions were developed in a patient with active and severe MDS&#46; The patient had no other apparent triggers such as upper airway or gastrointestinal infections and the use of new drugs&#44; for the induction of Sweet&#39;s syndrome&#46; Also&#44; the patient developed non-bullous infiltrative erythema on the knee&#44; and muscle tenderness during the course&#46; So far&#44; several cases of extracutaneous manifestations of Sweet&#39;s syndrome have been reported involving the lung&#44; digestive tract&#44; joints&#44; lymph nodes&#44; liver&#44; spleen&#44; eyes&#44; central nervous system&#44; and bone&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0060"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">4</span></a> Only several cases of neutrophilic myositis have been reported in association with neutrophilic dermatosis<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0055"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">5</span></a>&#59; however&#44; to our knowledge&#44; there have been no reports of neutrophilic myositis in association with bullous Sweet&#39;s syndrome&#46; A previously reported case developed severe sterile neutrophilic myositis as the first manifestation of acute myelogenous leukemia&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0065"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">6</span></a> In the present case&#44; myositis was developed soon after admission&#44; which occurred almost concurrently with cutaneous manifestations&#46; Because of the increased risk of infection&#44; we did not escalate the dose of prednisolone&#59; however&#44; muscle lesions were transient and gradually improved&#46; Because muscle biopsy was not carried out&#44; it is uncertain that the patient developed neutrophilic myositis during the course&#46; Hematoma was unlikely&#44; but other factor such as infection was not denied&#44; because drainage procedures were not performed&#46; In such cases as immunocompromised patients like ours&#44; it is often difficult to decide whether other organ involvement is caused by aseptic neutrophilic infiltration or infection&#46;</p><span id="sec0005" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0005">Conflict of interests</span><p id="par0015" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The authors declare no conflict of interests&#46;</p></span></span>"
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ISSN: 15782190
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