History and Humanities in Dermatology
Advertising in Actas Dermosifiliográficas, 1909–1939
Publicidad en Actas Dermosifiliográficas (1909-1939)
R.M. Díaz-Díaz
Sección de Dermatología, Hospital Universitario Infanta Sofía, San Sebastián de los Reyes, Madrid, Spain
Read
6456
Timeswas read the article
2886
Total PDF
3570
Total HTML
Share statistics
array:24 [ "pii" => "S1578219014000808" "issn" => "15782190" "doi" => "10.1016/j.adengl.2013.10.009" "estado" => "S300" "fechaPublicacion" => "2014-05-01" "aid" => "926" "copyright" => "Elsevier España, S.L. and AEDV" "copyrightAnyo" => "2012" "documento" => "article" "crossmark" => 0 "subdocumento" => "ssu" "cita" => "Actas Dermosifiliogr. 2014;105:367-70" "abierto" => array:3 [ "ES" => true "ES2" => true "LATM" => true ] "gratuito" => true "lecturas" => array:2 [ "total" => 1743 "formatos" => array:3 [ "EPUB" => 39 "HTML" => 1068 "PDF" => 636 ] ] "Traduccion" => array:1 [ "es" => array:19 [ "pii" => "S0001731013004018" "issn" => "00017310" "doi" => "10.1016/j.ad.2013.10.015" "estado" => "S300" "fechaPublicacion" => "2014-05-01" "aid" => "926" "copyright" => "Elsevier España, S.L. and AEDV" "documento" => "article" "crossmark" => 0 "subdocumento" => "ssu" "cita" => "Actas Dermosifiliogr. 2014;105:367-70" "abierto" => array:3 [ "ES" => true "ES2" => true "LATM" => true ] "gratuito" => true "lecturas" => array:2 [ "total" => 1750 "formatos" => array:3 [ "EPUB" => 1 "HTML" => 1401 "PDF" => 348 ] ] "es" => array:13 [ "idiomaDefecto" => true "cabecera" => "<span class="elsevierStyleTextfn">Historia y Humanidades en Dermatología</span>" "titulo" => "Publicidad en <span class="elsevierStyleSmallCaps">Actas Dermosifiliográficas</span> (1909-1939)" "tienePdf" => "es" "tieneTextoCompleto" => "es" "tieneResumen" => array:2 [ 0 => "es" 1 => "en" ] "paginas" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "paginaInicial" => "367" "paginaFinal" => "370" ] ] "titulosAlternativos" => array:1 [ "en" => array:1 [ "titulo" => "Advertising in <span class="elsevierStyleSmallCaps">Actas Dermosifiliográficas</span>, 1909–1939" ] ] "contieneResumen" => array:2 [ "es" => true "en" => true ] "contieneTextoCompleto" => array:1 [ "es" => true ] "contienePdf" => array:1 [ "es" => true ] "resumenGrafico" => array:2 [ "original" => 0 "multimedia" => array:7 [ "identificador" => "fig0015" "etiqueta" => "Figura 3" "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIAFIGURA" "mostrarFloat" => true "mostrarDisplay" => false "figura" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "imagen" => "gr3.jpeg" "Alto" => 1456 "Ancho" => 1000 "Tamanyo" => 148121 ] ] "descripcion" => array:1 [ "es" => "<p id="spar0025" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Anuncio de las fricciones mercuriales de Laboratorios del Norte.</p>" ] ] ] "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "autoresLista" => "R.M. Díaz-Díaz" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "R.M." "apellidos" => "Díaz-Díaz" ] ] ] ] ] "idiomaDefecto" => "es" "Traduccion" => array:1 [ "en" => array:9 [ "pii" => "S1578219014000808" "doi" => "10.1016/j.adengl.2013.10.009" "estado" => "S300" "subdocumento" => "" "abierto" => array:3 [ "ES" => true "ES2" => true "LATM" => true ] "gratuito" => true "lecturas" => array:1 [ "total" => 0 ] "idiomaDefecto" => "en" "EPUB" => "https://multimedia.elsevier.es/PublicationsMultimediaV1/item/epub/S1578219014000808?idApp=UINPBA000044" ] ] "EPUB" => "https://multimedia.elsevier.es/PublicationsMultimediaV1/item/epub/S0001731013004018?idApp=UINPBA000044" "url" => "/00017310/0000010500000004/v1_201404301030/S0001731013004018/v1_201404301030/es/main.assets" ] ] "itemSiguiente" => array:19 [ "pii" => "S157821901400081X" "issn" => "15782190" "doi" => "10.1016/j.adengl.2013.10.010" "estado" => "S300" "fechaPublicacion" => "2014-05-01" "aid" => "917" "copyright" => "Elsevier España, S.L. and AEDV" "documento" => "article" "crossmark" => 0 "subdocumento" => "fla" "cita" => "Actas Dermosifiliogr. 2014;105:371-7" "abierto" => array:3 [ "ES" => true "ES2" => true "LATM" => true ] "gratuito" => true "lecturas" => array:2 [ "total" => 2223 "formatos" => array:3 [ "EPUB" => 44 "HTML" => 1643 "PDF" => 536 ] ] "en" => array:13 [ "idiomaDefecto" => true "cabecera" => "<span class="elsevierStyleTextfn">Original article</span>" "titulo" => "Multidisciplinary Psoriasis and Psoriactic Arthritis Unit: Report of 4 years’ Experience" "tienePdf" => "en" "tieneTextoCompleto" => "en" "tieneResumen" => array:2 [ 0 => "en" 1 => "es" ] "paginas" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "paginaInicial" => "371" "paginaFinal" => "377" ] ] "titulosAlternativos" => array:1 [ "es" => array:1 [ "titulo" => "Experiencia de 4 años de funcionamiento de una unidad multidisciplinar de psoriasis y artritis psoriásica" ] ] "contieneResumen" => array:2 [ "en" => true "es" => true ] "contieneTextoCompleto" => array:1 [ "en" => true ] "contienePdf" => array:1 [ "en" => true ] "resumenGrafico" => array:2 [ "original" => 0 "multimedia" => array:7 [ "identificador" => "fig0010" "etiqueta" => "Figure 2" "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIAFIGURA" "mostrarFloat" => true "mostrarDisplay" => false "figura" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "imagen" => "gr2.jpeg" "Alto" => 679 "Ancho" => 1004 "Tamanyo" => 64756 ] ] "descripcion" => array:1 [ "en" => "<p id="spar0050" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Association between first visits and successive visits to the Psoriasis Rheumatology and Dermatology Unit during the study period.</p>" ] ] ] "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "autoresLista" => "J. Luelmo, J. Gratacos, M. Moreno Martínez-Losa, M. Ribera, J. Romaní, J. Calvet, L. Leal, M. Larrosa" "autores" => array:8 [ 0 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "J." "apellidos" => "Luelmo" ] 1 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "J." "apellidos" => "Gratacos" ] 2 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "M." "apellidos" => "Moreno Martínez-Losa" ] 3 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "M." "apellidos" => "Ribera" ] 4 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "J." "apellidos" => "Romaní" ] 5 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "J." "apellidos" => "Calvet" ] 6 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "L." "apellidos" => "Leal" ] 7 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "M." "apellidos" => "Larrosa" ] ] ] ] ] "idiomaDefecto" => "en" "Traduccion" => array:1 [ "es" => array:9 [ "pii" => "S0001731013003773" "doi" => "10.1016/j.ad.2013.10.009" "estado" => "S300" "subdocumento" => "" "abierto" => array:3 [ "ES" => true "ES2" => true "LATM" => true ] "gratuito" => true "lecturas" => array:1 [ "total" => 0 ] "idiomaDefecto" => "es" "EPUB" => "https://multimedia.elsevier.es/PublicationsMultimediaV1/item/epub/S0001731013003773?idApp=UINPBA000044" ] ] "EPUB" => "https://multimedia.elsevier.es/PublicationsMultimediaV1/item/epub/S157821901400081X?idApp=UINPBA000044" "url" => "/15782190/0000010500000004/v1_201404301027/S157821901400081X/v1_201404301027/en/main.assets" ] "itemAnterior" => array:19 [ "pii" => "S1578219014000791" "issn" => "15782190" "doi" => "10.1016/j.adengl.2013.01.008" "estado" => "S300" "fechaPublicacion" => "2014-05-01" "aid" => "828" "copyright" => "Elsevier España, S.L. and AEDV" "documento" => "article" "crossmark" => 0 "subdocumento" => "ssu" "cita" => "Actas Dermosifiliogr. 2014;105:359-66" "abierto" => array:3 [ "ES" => true "ES2" => true "LATM" => true ] "gratuito" => true "lecturas" => array:2 [ "total" => 6326 "formatos" => array:3 [ "EPUB" => 44 "HTML" => 4614 "PDF" => 1668 ] ] "en" => array:13 [ "idiomaDefecto" => true "cabecera" => "<span class="elsevierStyleTextfn">Revision</span>" "titulo" => "Photosensitivity Due to Thiazides" "tienePdf" => "en" "tieneTextoCompleto" => "en" "tieneResumen" => array:2 [ 0 => "en" 1 => "es" ] "paginas" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "paginaInicial" => "359" "paginaFinal" => "366" ] ] "titulosAlternativos" => array:1 [ "es" => array:1 [ "titulo" => "Fotosensibilidad por tiazidas" ] ] "contieneResumen" => array:2 [ "en" => true "es" => true ] "contieneTextoCompleto" => array:1 [ "en" => true ] "contienePdf" => array:1 [ "en" => true ] "resumenGrafico" => array:2 [ "original" => 0 "multimedia" => array:7 [ "identificador" => "fig0015" "etiqueta" => "Figure 3" "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIAFIGURA" "mostrarFloat" => true "mostrarDisplay" => false "figura" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "imagen" => "gr3.jpeg" "Alto" => 1053 "Ancho" => 600 "Tamanyo" => 83642 ] ] "descripcion" => array:1 [ "en" => "<p id="spar0045" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Phototest in a patient with hydrochlorothiazide-induced photosensitivity. The upper set was exposed to UV-A radiation with a UV 181 AL lamp and the lower set was exposed to UV-B radiation with a solar simulator. An abnormal reaction to UV-A radiation and low UV-B minimal erythema dose can be observed.</p>" ] ] ] "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "autoresLista" => "S. Gómez-Bernal, A. Álvarez-Pérez, L. Rodríguez-Pazos, E. Gutiérrez-González, M.T. Rodríguez-Granados, J. Toribio" "autores" => array:6 [ 0 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "S." "apellidos" => "Gómez-Bernal" ] 1 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "A." "apellidos" => "Álvarez-Pérez" ] 2 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "L." "apellidos" => "Rodríguez-Pazos" ] 3 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "E." "apellidos" => "Gutiérrez-González" ] 4 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "M.T." "apellidos" => "Rodríguez-Granados" ] 5 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "J." "apellidos" => "Toribio" ] ] ] ] ] "idiomaDefecto" => "en" "Traduccion" => array:1 [ "es" => array:9 [ "pii" => "S0001731013001117" "doi" => "10.1016/j.ad.2013.01.010" "estado" => "S300" "subdocumento" => "" "abierto" => array:3 [ "ES" => true "ES2" => true "LATM" => true ] "gratuito" => true "lecturas" => array:1 [ "total" => 0 ] "idiomaDefecto" => "es" "EPUB" => "https://multimedia.elsevier.es/PublicationsMultimediaV1/item/epub/S0001731013001117?idApp=UINPBA000044" ] ] "EPUB" => "https://multimedia.elsevier.es/PublicationsMultimediaV1/item/epub/S1578219014000791?idApp=UINPBA000044" "url" => "/15782190/0000010500000004/v1_201404301027/S1578219014000791/v1_201404301027/en/main.assets" ] "en" => array:20 [ "idiomaDefecto" => true "cabecera" => "<span class="elsevierStyleTextfn">History and Humanities in Dermatology</span>" "titulo" => "Advertising in <span class="elsevierStyleSmallCaps">Actas Dermosifiliográficas</span>, 1909–1939" "tieneTextoCompleto" => true "paginas" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "paginaInicial" => "367" "paginaFinal" => "370" ] ] "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:3 [ "autoresLista" => "R.M. Díaz-Díaz" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:3 [ "nombre" => "R.M." "apellidos" => "Díaz-Díaz" "email" => array:1 [ 0 => "rmaria.diaz@salud.madrid.org" ] ] ] "afiliaciones" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "entidad" => "Sección de Dermatología, Hospital Universitario Infanta Sofía, San Sebastián de los Reyes, Madrid, Spain" "identificador" => "aff0005" ] ] ] ] "titulosAlternativos" => array:1 [ "es" => array:1 [ "titulo" => "Publicidad en <span class="elsevierStyleSmallCaps">Actas Dermosifiliográficas</span> (1909-1939)" ] ] "resumenGrafico" => array:2 [ "original" => 0 "multimedia" => array:7 [ "identificador" => "fig0025" "etiqueta" => "Figure 5" "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIAFIGURA" "mostrarFloat" => true "mostrarDisplay" => false "figura" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "imagen" => "gr5.jpeg" "Alto" => 1600 "Ancho" => 999 "Tamanyo" => 174399 ] ] "descripcion" => array:1 [ "en" => "<p id="spar0035" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Arsenic compounds from Laboratorios FAES.</p>" ] ] ] "textoCompleto" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSections"><span id="sec0005" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0025">Introduction</span><p id="par0005" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">We agree with Dr. Fernández Herrera y Torrelo when he said that our journal, <span class="elsevierStyleSmallCaps">Actas Dermosifiliográficas,</span>is the most valuable legacy and the greatest asset of the Spanish Academy of Dermatology and Venereology (AEDV).<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0005"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">1</span></a></p><p id="par0010" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The journal has published several articles about its own history<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0010"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">2,3</span></a> covering a period that stretches back 102 years.</p><p id="par0015" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The aim of the present article is to contribute some information about the advertising that appeared in the pages of the journal during its first 30 years of publication.</p><p id="par0020" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Like other authors,<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0020"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">4</span></a> we believe that advertisements are a rich source of historical information, providing us as dermatologists, in an entertaining way, a historical review of the treatments used in our specialty over the decades.</p><p id="par0025" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The term <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">marketing</span> refers to the whole process of promoting and selling a product from the moment it is created until it is purchased. This process involves many aspects and it is on these, to a greater or lesser extent, that the commercial success or failure of the product depends. Advertising is one such factor.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0025"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">5</span></a></p><p id="par0030" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">An advertisement is a communication intended to convince the customer of the worth of a product.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0030"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">6</span></a> If we were to apply this definition to the advertisements that appear in our journal, we could say that it is advertising targeting dermatologists through the medium of a medical journal.</p></span><span id="sec0010" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0030">Advertising Between 1909 and 1936</span><p id="par0035" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">From the start of the publication of <span class="elsevierStyleSmallCaps">Actas Dermosifiliográficas</span> in 1909, advertising was present in the journal and the revenue appeared in the society's books under the heading “accounts receivable.” Income from this source, which started out as 260 pesetas, had risen by 1926 to 4430 pesetas.</p><p id="par0040" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Initially, the list of advertisers was rather short and most of the advertisers were private individuals who provided a postal address to which physicians could apply for the products advertised rather than pharmaceutical companies as we know them today. Later, the journal started to publish a list of advertisers, which included some pharmaceutical companies, their business addresses, and the products they sold.</p><p id="par0045" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">In 1932, the Academy's Board of Directors decided to modify the advertising rates and created a new scale with different prices for different types of advertisements depending on where they appeared in the journal (front cover, full page, set in text, display format, etc.) (<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0005">Fig. 1</a>).</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="fig0005"></elsevierMultimedia><p id="par0050" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">In addition to the new scale for advertising, a second rate sheet was produced (called “the 2nd”), which listed the prices for loose inserts (blue or yellow sheets). Very few of these inserts survived when the journals were bound into the volumes now archived in the Academy's library.</p><p id="par0055" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The oldest advertisement that appears in the archive refers to “Iodargirum”, a preparation of iodo-cacodylate of mercury sold by the pharmacist Mr. Llopis (<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0010">Fig. 2</a>).</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="fig0010"></elsevierMultimedia><p id="par0060" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Our review of the advertising published during this period reveals that the products most often advertised were those related to the treatment of sexually transmitted diseases, a finding that agrees with the observation of another author.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0020"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">4</span></a> This predominance is logical when we take into account that the diagnosis and treatment of venereal diseases constituted a large part of the professional activity of dermatologists in the first third of the last century.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0035"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">7</span></a> Advertisements can be found for arsenic compounds, different bismuth compounds for parenteral use, and drugs that combined bismuth, mercury, and arsenic. Also common were advertisements for oral and topical arsenic preparations (<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0015">Fig. 3</a>).</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="fig0015"></elsevierMultimedia><p id="par0065" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Before the Civil War, some pharmaceutical representatives in Spain, such as Robert Soyer, offered dermatologists a wide variety of products for the treatment of patients with tuberculosis, syphilis, and leprosy.</p><p id="par0070" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Given its importance in dermatological practice, topical therapy deserves special mention.</p><p id="par0075" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The topical armamentarium in this era was dominated by a series of products called the <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Dermosas</span> (<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0020">Fig. 4</a>). These were manufactured by a company in northern Spain run by the pharmacist Joaquim Cusí y Fortunet, who founded a family business selling medical products in 1902. Armed with these <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Dermosas</span>, the dermatologists of the day could try to cure a wide variety of skin conditions. Cusí produced a <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Dermosa</span> for the treatment of eczema containing Dohi paste, a compound named after Professor Keizo Dohi that comprised a mixture of tar, sulfur, and zinc oxide in a fatty excipient. Pyodermas were treated with the chloramine-based <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Dermosas</span> Clorazin and Dercusan. Dermatologists also prescribed all-purpose topical treatments that could be used to treat any kind of dermatitis. These included the zinc, oxymercuric, and “refreshing” <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Dermosas</span>, the last of which was a formula devised by Paul Gerson Unna. After application, depending on the case, dressing with Cusí’s waxed mesh or hydrophilic gauze or cotton was recommended.</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="fig0020"></elsevierMultimedia></span><span id="sec0015" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0035">The Period Between 1936 and 1939</span><p id="par0080" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">In the closing months of the Spanish Civil War (1936-1939), advertisements for cosmetics start to appear, including a hair setting lotion called NEOFIX and an advertisement for Perfumería GAL S.A. featuring a text clearly influenced by the political context of the time.</p><p id="par0085" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Advertisements for the treatment of sexually transmitted diseases continue to predominate. These included, Novarsenobenzol (Billon) and an oral arsenic compound, both sold by the Societé Parisienne d’Expansion Chimique (SPECIA)—a predecessor of the pharmaceutical company Rhone-Poulenc—who advertised them with the inducement “included in the standard order of the military health authorities.”</p><p id="par0090" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The same period saw the emergence of the arsenobenzenes, manufactured in Spain by the Fábrica Española de Productos Químicos y Farmacéuticos, S.A. (FAES) (<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0025">Fig. 5</a>) and in Italy by the Istituto Chemioterapico Italiano (ICI) in Florence.</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="fig0025"></elsevierMultimedia><p id="par0095" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Laboratorios Cántabro de Santander advertised Hiposulfin, a product based on sodium thiosulfate that was used as a solvent in the treatment of patients intolerant to arsenobenzols. The company made the point in its advertisements that the product was “as cheap as double-distilled water.”</p><p id="par0100" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Laboratorios Gil in Seville—a precursor of Farmacia “El Globo”—promoted Espirogil, a double iodide of bismuth and quinine, with the advertised advantage that the treatment was painless, although they added the recommendation “soak in hot water to facilitate injection.”</p><p id="par0105" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Advertisement of bismuth-based compounds proliferated, with an interesting note on one from Laboratorios Pons a company located in the town of Lerida (present-day Lleida) indicating that the company has temporarily relocated due to the war when citing as an address “accidentally: Hotel Biarritz - San Sebastian).</p><p id="par0110" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Another advertisement promotes Santal Monal imported directly from Paris for the treatment of gonorrhea (<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0030">Fig. 6</a>). This product was based on methylene blue formulated as a solution for intraurethral injection.</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="fig0030"></elsevierMultimedia><p id="par0115" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The soft chancre could be treated with Dmelcos, a stabilized vaccine with a concentration of 225 million of Ducrey bacilli per cm<span class="elsevierStyleSup">3</span>.</p><p id="par0120" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">At this time new topical products appear, particularly antibacterials, such as “Dermocolesterina” produced by Mazuelos of Osuna, “Bálsamo Angelical” (heavenly balm) sold by Martín Nuñez of Zamora, and “Fomentobiol” by Serva.</p><p id="par0125" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">In short, the illustrated advertisements of the time reflect the start of a growing relationship between the pharmaceutical industry and scientific journals, which serve as a channel for marketing their products to professionals. This relationship, which still continues today, has become a mainstay both for the industry and for the economic viability of medical journals. The products advertised, almost all outdated today, also clearly reflect the therapeutic developments of the time, when they represented a qualitative leap in treatment. Finally, the advertising provides a window onto the social and political conditions of the era and the role of dermatologists, who mainly devoted their time to the management of sexually transmitted diseases.</p></span><span id="sec0020" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0040">Conflicts of Interest</span><p id="par0130" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest.</p></span></span>" "textoCompletoSecciones" => array:1 [ "secciones" => array:9 [ 0 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "xres335150" "titulo" => "Abstract" ] 1 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "xpalclavsec316744" "titulo" => "Keywords" ] 2 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "xres335151" "titulo" => "Resumen" ] 3 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "xpalclavsec316743" "titulo" => "Palabras clave" ] 4 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0005" "titulo" => "Introduction" ] 5 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0010" "titulo" => "Advertising Between 1909 and 1936" ] 6 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0015" "titulo" => "The Period Between 1936 and 1939" ] 7 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0020" "titulo" => "Conflicts of Interest" ] 8 => array:1 [ "titulo" => "REFERENCES" ] ] ] "pdfFichero" => "main.pdf" "tienePdf" => true "fechaRecibido" => "2012-11-02" "fechaAceptado" => "2013-10-23" "PalabrasClave" => array:2 [ "en" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "clase" => "keyword" "titulo" => "Keywords" "identificador" => "xpalclavsec316744" "palabras" => array:3 [ 0 => "Dermatology" 1 => "History" 2 => "Advertising" ] ] ] "es" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "clase" => "keyword" "titulo" => "Palabras clave" "identificador" => "xpalclavsec316743" "palabras" => array:3 [ 0 => "Dermatología" 1 => "Historia" 2 => "Publicidad" ] ] ] ] "tieneResumen" => true "resumen" => array:2 [ "en" => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Abstract" "resumen" => "<p id="spar0005" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">We review advertisements published in the journal <span class="elsevierStyleSmallCaps">Actas Dermosifiliográficas</span> between 1909 and 1939. Treatments for sexually transmitted diseases were advertised with particular frequency, and they offer a case in point that exemplifies the close relationship between the pharmaceutical industry and medical journals.</p>" ] "es" => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Resumen" "resumen" => "<p id="spar0010" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Aportamos algunos datos acerca de los anuncios publicados en la revista <span class="elsevierStyleSmallCaps">Actas Dermosifiliográficas</span> durante el periodo 1909-1939. Destacan los anuncios relacionados con el tratamiento de las enfermedades de transmisión sexual. Son un ejemplo de la estrecha relación existente entre la industria farmacéutica y las revistas médicas.</p>" ] ] "NotaPie" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "☆" "nota" => "<p class="elsevierStyleNotepara" id="npar0005">Please cite this article as: Díaz-Díaz R. Publicidad en <span class="elsevierStyleSmallCaps">Actas Dermosifiliográficas</span> (1909-1939). Actas Dermosifiliogr. 2014;105:367–370.</p>" ] ] "multimedia" => array:6 [ 0 => array:7 [ "identificador" => "fig0005" "etiqueta" => "Figure 1" "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIAFIGURA" "mostrarFloat" => true "mostrarDisplay" => false "figura" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "imagen" => "gr1.jpeg" "Alto" => 547 "Ancho" => 1002 "Tamanyo" => 123308 ] ] "descripcion" => array:1 [ "en" => "<p id="spar0015" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Advertising rates for Actas Dermo-Sifiliográficas. 1932.</p>" ] ] 1 => array:7 [ "identificador" => "fig0010" "etiqueta" => "Figure 2" "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIAFIGURA" "mostrarFloat" => true "mostrarDisplay" => false "figura" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "imagen" => "gr2.jpeg" "Alto" => 1677 "Ancho" => 1001 "Tamanyo" => 312338 ] ] "descripcion" => array:1 [ "en" => "<p id="spar0020" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Iodargirum. 1909.</p>" ] ] 2 => array:7 [ "identificador" => "fig0015" "etiqueta" => "Figure 3" "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIAFIGURA" "mostrarFloat" => true "mostrarDisplay" => false "figura" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "imagen" => "gr3.jpeg" "Alto" => 1456 "Ancho" => 999 "Tamanyo" => 148105 ] ] "descripcion" => array:1 [ "en" => "<p id="spar0025" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Advertisement for mercury rubs from Laboratorios del Norte.</p>" ] ] 3 => array:7 [ "identificador" => "fig0020" "etiqueta" => "Figure 4" "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIAFIGURA" "mostrarFloat" => true "mostrarDisplay" => false "figura" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "imagen" => "gr4.jpeg" "Alto" => 638 "Ancho" => 852 "Tamanyo" => 50623 ] ] "descripcion" => array:1 [ "en" => "<p id="spar0030" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">The <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Dermosas</span> produced by Laboratorios Cusi.</p>" ] ] 4 => array:7 [ "identificador" => "fig0025" "etiqueta" => "Figure 5" "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIAFIGURA" "mostrarFloat" => true "mostrarDisplay" => false "figura" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "imagen" => "gr5.jpeg" "Alto" => 1600 "Ancho" => 999 "Tamanyo" => 174399 ] ] "descripcion" => array:1 [ "en" => "<p id="spar0035" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Arsenic compounds from Laboratorios FAES.</p>" ] ] 5 => array:7 [ "identificador" => "fig0030" "etiqueta" => "Figure 6" "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIAFIGURA" "mostrarFloat" => true "mostrarDisplay" => false "figura" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "imagen" => "gr6.jpeg" "Alto" => 1345 "Ancho" => 999 "Tamanyo" => 212660 ] ] "descripcion" => array:1 [ "en" => "<p id="spar0040" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Santal Monal methylene blue as a treatment for gonorrhea.</p>" ] ] ] "bibliografia" => array:2 [ "titulo" => "REFERENCES" "seccion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "bibs0005" "bibliografiaReferencia" => array:7 [ 0 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0005" "etiqueta" => "1" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Actas Dermo-Sifiliográficas 1909-2009. El legado" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:2 [ 0 => "J. Fernández Herrera" 1 => "A. Torrelo" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:5 [ "tituloSerie" => "Actas Dermosifiliogr" "fecha" => "2009" "volumen" => "100" "paginaInicial" => "642" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19775541" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 1 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0010" "etiqueta" => "2" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Breve historia de Actas Dermo-Sifiliográficas" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:2 [ 0 => "E. Del Río" 1 => "L. Conde Salazar" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Actas Dermosifiliogr" "fecha" => "2006" "volumen" => "97" "paginaInicial" => "159" "paginaFinal" => "168" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16796962" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 2 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0015" "etiqueta" => "3" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Historia de Actas Dermo-Sifiliográficas (I) 1909-1959" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => "E. Del Río" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1016/j.ad.2011.04.002" "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Actas Dermosifiliogr" "fecha" => "2011" "volumen" => "102" "paginaInicial" => "675" "paginaFinal" => "698" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21641567" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 3 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0020" "etiqueta" => "4" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Dermatology related advertisements from the 1920s and 1930s" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => "M.R. Albert" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Int J Dermatol" "fecha" => "2000" "volumen" => "39" "paginaInicial" => "389" "paginaFinal" => "395" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10849135" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 4 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0025" "etiqueta" => "5" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "La Publicidad. Estructuras y relaciones empresariales" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => "A. Medina" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Libro" => array:4 [ "fecha" => "2001" "paginaInicial" => "9" "editorial" => "Acento editorial" "editorialLocalizacion" => "Madrid" ] ] ] ] ] ] 5 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0030" "etiqueta" => "6" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Ayer y hoy de la publicidad en la dermatología española" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:2 [ 0 => "A. Guerra Tapia" 1 => "E. González Guerra" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:5 [ "tituloSerie" => "Med Cuta Iber Lat Am" "fecha" => "2005" "volumen" => "33" "paginaInicial" => "225" "paginaFinal" => "230" ] ] ] ] ] ] 6 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0035" "etiqueta" => "7" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Crítica histórica de la venereología española" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => "l. Olmos" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Actas Dermosifiliogr" "fecha" => "2009" "volumen" => "100" "paginaInicial" => "861" "paginaFinal" => "865" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20038362" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] "idiomaDefecto" => "en" "url" => "/15782190/0000010500000004/v1_201404301027/S1578219014000808/v1_201404301027/en/main.assets" "Apartado" => array:4 [ "identificador" => "6153" "tipo" => "SECCION" "en" => array:2 [ "titulo" => "History and Humanities in Dermatology" "idiomaDefecto" => true ] "idiomaDefecto" => "en" ] "PDF" => "https://static.elsevier.es/multimedia/15782190/0000010500000004/v1_201404301027/S1578219014000808/v1_201404301027/en/main.pdf?idApp=UINPBA000044&text.app=https://actasdermo.org/" "EPUB" => "https://multimedia.elsevier.es/PublicationsMultimediaV1/item/epub/S1578219014000808?idApp=UINPBA000044" ]
| Year/Month | Html | Total | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2024 November | 12 | 13 | 25 |
| 2024 October | 75 | 87 | 162 |
| 2024 September | 86 | 47 | 133 |
| 2024 August | 86 | 87 | 173 |
| 2024 July | 72 | 55 | 127 |
| 2024 June | 68 | 51 | 119 |
| 2024 May | 56 | 64 | 120 |
| 2024 April | 69 | 44 | 113 |
| 2024 March | 74 | 50 | 124 |
| 2024 February | 62 | 54 | 116 |
| 2024 January | 49 | 54 | 103 |
| 2023 December | 59 | 40 | 99 |
| 2023 November | 58 | 64 | 122 |
| 2023 October | 65 | 44 | 109 |
| 2023 September | 51 | 45 | 96 |
| 2023 August | 49 | 42 | 91 |
| 2023 July | 49 | 63 | 112 |
| 2023 June | 42 | 44 | 86 |
| 2023 May | 46 | 58 | 104 |
| 2023 April | 33 | 46 | 79 |
| 2023 March | 40 | 48 | 88 |
| 2023 February | 45 | 41 | 86 |
| 2023 January | 30 | 36 | 66 |
| 2022 December | 43 | 73 | 116 |
| 2022 November | 38 | 56 | 94 |
| 2022 October | 29 | 26 | 55 |
| 2022 September | 15 | 35 | 50 |
| 2022 August | 24 | 43 | 67 |
| 2022 July | 27 | 37 | 64 |
| 2022 June | 19 | 25 | 44 |
| 2022 May | 34 | 45 | 79 |
| 2022 April | 31 | 33 | 64 |
| 2022 March | 51 | 48 | 99 |
| 2022 February | 30 | 39 | 69 |
| 2022 January | 44 | 42 | 86 |
| 2021 December | 61 | 47 | 108 |
| 2021 November | 57 | 49 | 106 |
| 2021 October | 55 | 55 | 110 |
| 2021 September | 43 | 34 | 77 |
| 2021 August | 32 | 35 | 67 |
| 2021 July | 31 | 36 | 67 |
| 2021 June | 24 | 32 | 56 |
| 2021 May | 32 | 29 | 61 |
| 2021 April | 79 | 48 | 127 |
| 2021 March | 52 | 18 | 70 |
| 2021 February | 39 | 22 | 61 |
| 2021 January | 24 | 16 | 40 |
| 2020 December | 46 | 12 | 58 |
| 2020 November | 15 | 16 | 31 |
| 2020 October | 16 | 16 | 32 |
| 2020 September | 30 | 12 | 42 |
| 2020 August | 35 | 15 | 50 |
| 2020 July | 23 | 12 | 35 |
| 2020 June | 31 | 19 | 50 |
| 2020 May | 38 | 21 | 59 |
| 2020 April | 31 | 13 | 44 |
| 2020 March | 46 | 13 | 59 |
| 2020 February | 2 | 2 | 4 |
| 2020 January | 6 | 1 | 7 |
| 2019 December | 5 | 3 | 8 |
| 2019 November | 4 | 1 | 5 |
| 2019 October | 0 | 8 | 8 |
| 2019 September | 0 | 5 | 5 |
| 2019 August | 6 | 1 | 7 |
| 2019 July | 4 | 1 | 5 |
| 2019 June | 4 | 27 | 31 |
| 2019 May | 4 | 79 | 83 |
| 2019 April | 3 | 44 | 47 |
| 2019 March | 2 | 9 | 11 |
| 2019 February | 1 | 7 | 8 |
| 2019 January | 4 | 0 | 4 |
| 2018 December | 2 | 4 | 6 |
| 2018 November | 4 | 0 | 4 |
| 2018 October | 2 | 0 | 2 |
| 2018 September | 4 | 0 | 4 |
| 2018 May | 0 | 4 | 4 |
| 2018 March | 1 | 1 | 2 |
| 2018 February | 31 | 6 | 37 |
| 2018 January | 24 | 9 | 33 |
| 2017 December | 55 | 12 | 67 |
| 2017 November | 27 | 10 | 37 |
| 2017 October | 22 | 15 | 37 |
| 2017 September | 26 | 14 | 40 |
| 2017 August | 28 | 18 | 46 |
| 2017 July | 33 | 24 | 57 |
| 2017 June | 33 | 17 | 50 |
| 2017 May | 24 | 25 | 49 |
| 2017 April | 27 | 19 | 46 |
| 2017 March | 11 | 43 | 54 |
| 2017 February | 13 | 7 | 20 |
| 2017 January | 17 | 21 | 38 |
| 2016 December | 39 | 8 | 47 |
| 2016 November | 48 | 11 | 59 |
| 2016 October | 53 | 12 | 65 |
| 2016 September | 50 | 16 | 66 |
| 2016 August | 53 | 7 | 60 |
| 2016 July | 33 | 10 | 43 |
| 2016 June | 12 | 6 | 18 |
| 2016 May | 5 | 12 | 17 |
| 2016 April | 5 | 4 | 9 |
| 2016 March | 10 | 9 | 19 |
| 2016 February | 9 | 9 | 18 |
| 2016 January | 10 | 9 | 19 |
| 2015 December | 11 | 8 | 19 |
| 2015 November | 7 | 8 | 15 |
| 2015 October | 8 | 7 | 15 |
| 2015 September | 5 | 4 | 9 |
| 2015 August | 9 | 1 | 10 |
| 2015 July | 34 | 7 | 41 |
| 2015 June | 28 | 4 | 32 |
| 2015 May | 34 | 4 | 38 |
| 2015 April | 18 | 3 | 21 |
| 2015 March | 23 | 0 | 23 |
| 2015 February | 27 | 3 | 30 |
| 2015 January | 18 | 2 | 20 |
| 2014 December | 24 | 4 | 28 |
| 2014 November | 9 | 4 | 13 |
| 2014 October | 11 | 7 | 18 |
| 2014 September | 8 | 3 | 11 |
| 2014 August | 6 | 4 | 10 |
| 2014 July | 8 | 5 | 13 |
| 2014 June | 12 | 5 | 17 |
| 2014 May | 13 | 4 | 17 |
Show all
