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Practical Dermoscopy
Spot the Differences Between 2 Pigmented Papules
Encuentra las diferencias entre 2 pápulas pigmentadas
P. Zaballos Diego
Servicio de Dermatología, Hospital de Sant Pau i Santa Tecla de Tarragona, Tarragona, Spain
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    "textoCompleto" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSections"><span id="sec0005" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0005">Comment</span><p id="par0005" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The 2 patients presented pigmented lesions with a similar clinical &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0005">Fig&#46; 1</a>&#41; and dermoscopic &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0010">Fig&#46; 2</a>&#41; appearance&#46; However&#44; detailed evaluation of the dermoscopic images provides clues to the diagnosis in each case&#46; Both tumors are formed of multiple&#44; dark&#44; round or oval structures in apposition&#46; In my opinion&#44; one of the diagnostic keys is to determine whether or not these structures are dark lacunae&#46; Dark lacunae are multiple&#44; well-defined&#44; round or oval structures that are dark blue&#44; violaceous&#44; or black&#46; Histologically&#44; these structures are seen to be partially or completely thrombosed dilated blood vessels in the dermis&#44; and their presence is highly suggestive of solitary angiokeratoma &#40;sensitivity&#44; 93&#46;8&#37;&#59; specificity&#44; 99&#46;1&#37;&#41;&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0005"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">1</span></a> An important negative finding of lacunae is that there are no vascular structures in their interior&#46;</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="fig0005"></elsevierMultimedia><elsevierMultimedia ident="fig0010"></elsevierMultimedia><p id="par0010" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">In the dermoscopic image of the first patient there are multiple&#44; well-defined&#44; round&#44; oval&#44; or occasionally polygonal structures &#40;slightly out of focus on the right side of the image&#41; that are violaceous or dark blue and do not contain blood vessels&#46; These structures are dark lacunae and the diagnosis suggested by the dermoscopic image is solitary angiokeratoma&#46;</p><p id="par0015" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">In the dermoscopic image of the second patient the structures are slightly different&#46; They are multiple&#44; round or oval structures but they are poorly defined and are grayish-blue in color&#46; Furthermore&#44; a vascular structure&#44; in perfect focus&#44; formed of a thick central blood vessel that branches into smaller vessels&#44; is visible in one of the structures at the left inferior pole of the nodule&#46; Based on the comments above&#44; these structures cannot be called lacunae&#46; However&#44; their description does match that of a recognized dermoscopic feature&#58; large blue-gray ovoid nests&#46; This is 98&#37; specific for basal cell carcinoma&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0010"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span></a> Thus&#44; if no criteria for a melanocytic lesion are observed and we recognize that the vascular structure described is a tree-like or arborizing telangiectasia&#44; which has a positive predictive value of 94&#37; for basal cell carcinoma&#44;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0015"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">3</span></a> we should make a dermoscopic diagnosis of pigmented basal cell carcinoma&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0010" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0010">Conflicts of Interest</span><p id="par0020" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The author declares that he has no conflicts of interest&#46;</p></span></span>"
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Article information
ISSN: 15782190
Original language: English
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Idiomas
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