Case and research letter
Transient Pigmentary Lines of the Newborn
Líneas pigmentarias transitorias del recién nacido
a Servicio de Dermatología, Hospital Arquitecto Marcide, Área Sanitaria de Ferrol, SERGAS, Ferrol, A Coruña, Spain
b Pediatría, Centro de Salud de San Sadurniño, Área Sanitaria de Ferrol, SERGAS, San Sadurniño, A Coruña, Spain
c Servicio de Dermatología, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago de Compostela, SERGAS, Santiago de Compostela, A Coruña, Spain
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B, Dermoscopy reveals irregular arborizing vessels on a light-brown background, whitish structures, and a patchy pigmented reticulum. C. Histology reveals abundant degenerated collagen in the dermis surrounded by palisading granulomas (hematoxylin-eosin ×40).</p>" ] ] ] "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "autoresLista" => "E. Conde-Montero, J.A. Avilés-Izquierdo, M.D. Mendoza-Cembranos, V. Parra-Blanco" "autores" => array:4 [ 0 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "E." "apellidos" => "Conde-Montero" ] 1 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "J.A." "apellidos" => "Avilés-Izquierdo" ] 2 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "M.D." "apellidos" => "Mendoza-Cembranos" ] 3 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "V." 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Monteagudo, E. León-Muiños, Ó. Suárez-Amor, J. Labandeira" "autores" => array:4 [ 0 => array:4 [ "nombre" => "B." "apellidos" => "Monteagudo" "email" => array:1 [ 0 => "benigno.monteagudo.sanchez@sergas.es" ] "referencia" => array:2 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">a</span>" "identificador" => "aff0005" ] 1 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">*</span>" "identificador" => "cor0005" ] ] ] 1 => array:3 [ "nombre" => "E." "apellidos" => "León-Muiños" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">b</span>" "identificador" => "aff0010" ] ] ] 2 => array:3 [ "nombre" => "Ó." "apellidos" => "Suárez-Amor" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">a</span>" "identificador" => "aff0005" ] ] ] 3 => array:3 [ "nombre" => "J." "apellidos" => "Labandeira" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">c</span>" "identificador" => "aff0015" ] ] ] ] "afiliaciones" => array:3 [ 0 => array:3 [ "entidad" => "Servicio de Dermatología, Hospital Arquitecto Marcide, Área Sanitaria de Ferrol, SERGAS, Ferrol, A Coruña, Spain" "etiqueta" => "a" "identificador" => "aff0005" ] 1 => array:3 [ "entidad" => "Pediatría, Centro de Salud de San Sadurniño, Área Sanitaria de Ferrol, SERGAS, San Sadurniño, A Coruña, Spain" "etiqueta" => "b" "identificador" => "aff0010" ] 2 => array:3 [ "entidad" => "Servicio de Dermatología, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago de Compostela, SERGAS, Santiago de Compostela, A Coruña, Spain" "etiqueta" => "c" "identificador" => "aff0015" ] ] "correspondencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "cor0005" "etiqueta" => "⁎" "correspondencia" => "Corresponding Author." ] ] ] ] "titulosAlternativos" => array:1 [ "es" => array:1 [ "titulo" => "Líneas pigmentarias transitorias del recién nacido" ] ] "resumenGrafico" => array:2 [ "original" => 0 "multimedia" => array:7 [ "identificador" => "fig0005" "etiqueta" => "Figure 1" "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIAFIGURA" "mostrarFloat" => true "mostrarDisplay" => false "figura" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "imagen" => "gr1.jpeg" "Alto" => 1125 "Ancho" => 1500 "Tamanyo" => 192636 ] ] "descripcion" => array:1 [ "en" => "<p id="spar0005" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Linear hyperpigmentation in the skin folds of the abdomen and diffuse hyperpigmentation of the navel.</p>" ] ] ] "textoCompleto" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSections"><p id="par0005" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The skin of newborn babies plays a fundamental role in the transition at birth from an aqueous to a predominantly dry environment. Newborn skin is characterized by a relatively thin stratum corneum, the absence of dermal ridges and well-developed collagen fibrils within the papillary dermis, a composition distinct from that of subcutaneous fat, and an immature cutaneous vascular system.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0005"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">1</span></a></p><p id="par0010" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Due to the immaturity of the cutaneous components a series of specific cutaneous reactions occurs during the first few weeks of life, giving rise to a condition known as transient benign cutaneous lesions of the newborn. It is important to recognize these reactions and not to confuse them with infections or signs of internal or genetic diseases in order to avoid alarming parents and performing unnecessary tests and treatments.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0005"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">1,2</span></a></p><p id="par0015" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">This letter describes the case of a 1-month-old infant who presented hyperpigmented lesions that followed the skin folds of the abdomen, consistent with a diagnosis of transient pigmentary lines of the newborn.</p><p id="par0020" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The patient was a 1-month-old male infant who had been referred for assessment of abnormal pigmentation of the abdomen that had been present since birth. He had been born by unassisted vaginal delivery at 39 weeks of gestational age, and had no congenital abnormalities. No physiological scaling or other transient cutaneous lesions were observed in the first days of life, and there was no family history of similar cutaneous lesions.</p><p id="par0025" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Physical examination revealed 4 horizontal hyperpigmented lines that followed the skin folds of the abdomen. Apart from hyperpigmentaion of the navel, no other lesions were observed (<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0005">Fig. 1</a>). The infant's growth and development were normal.</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="fig0005"></elsevierMultimedia><p id="par0030" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">A diagnosis of transient pigmentary lines was established and the parents were informed of the transient nature of the condition. In the following 4 months, without treatment, the linear hyperpigmentation gradually faded and disappeared, and normal skin color was restored.</p><p id="par0035" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Transient pigmentary lines were first described by Gibbs in 1967.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0015"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">3</span></a> This rare condition, one of several forms of transient benign cutaneous lesions that affect newborns,<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0005"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">1</span></a> is referred to in the literature by several terms, including striped hyperpigmentation of the torso,<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0015"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">3,4</span></a> pigmentary lines of the newborn,<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0025"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">5,6</span></a> and transient infantile patterned hyperpigmentation.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0040"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">8</span></a> By searching the PubMed database using the search terms <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">pigmentary lines</span>, <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">pigmentary transient</span>, <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">striped hyperpigmentation</span>, and <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">transient hyperpigmentation</span> we found only 7 other cases consistent with this entity (<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0005">Table 1</a>).<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0015"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">3,5–8</span></a> The condition is characterized by the appearance at birth of several horizontal bands of hyperpigmentation that follow the skin folds of the abdomen, back, or limbs. These bands subsequently fade spontaneously and resolve fully by 2 to 8 months of age. They most commonly affect black or dark-skinned male neonates, and are rare in white infants. Transient pigmentary lines can be associated with abnormal cornification (ichthyosis vulgaris and collodion baby)<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0015"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">3,4</span></a> and pigmentation (vertical linear hypopigmentation of the abdomen,<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0025"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">5</span></a> hyperpigmentation along the spine,<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0035"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">7</span></a> and mottled hyperpigmentation of the back<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0035"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">7</span></a>).No associated extracutaneous anomalies have been described. The etiology and pathogenesis of transient pigmentary lines are unclear; its origin is not thought to be hormonal, but rather a consequence of friction or impaired exfoliation of the embryonic skin, accentuated by the flexed position of the fetus (mechanical trauma associated with hyperkeratosis within the skin folds).<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0015"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">3</span></a></p><elsevierMultimedia ident="tbl0005"></elsevierMultimedia><p id="par0040" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Newborns and infants can be affected by multiple processes that involve altered pigmentation.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0045"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">9,10</span></a> The differential diagnosis of transient pigmentary lines includes hyperpigmentation secondary to congenital adrenal hyperplasia, possibly caused by cross reactivity of adrenocorticotropic hormone with melanocyte-stimulating hormone (MSH) receptors.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0005"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">1</span></a> It should also be distinguished from transient hyperpigmentation which is present in approximately 15% of newborns (particularly dark-skinned males), affects the middle and lower abdomen (black line), the area around the areolas, the axillae, the periungual region, and the genital area (the scrotum in males and the labia and vulva in females), and has been associated by some authors with stimulation in utero by MSH.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0005"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">1,9</span></a></p><p id="par0045" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">In summary, we have presented a new case of transient pigmentary lines in the skin folds of the abdomen in a white infant; this entity has been rarely described in reports or in medical journals and is possibly underdiagnosed, but familiarity with this condition is fundamental for routine dermatologic practice.</p></span>" "pdfFichero" => "main.pdf" "tienePdf" => true "NotaPie" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "☆" "nota" => "<p class="elsevierStyleNotepara">Please cite this article as: Monteagudo B, et al. Líneas pigmentarias transitorias del recién nacido. Actas Dermosifiliogr. 2013;104:537-9.</p>" ] ] "multimedia" => array:2 [ 0 => array:7 [ "identificador" => "fig0005" "etiqueta" => "Figure 1" "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIAFIGURA" "mostrarFloat" => true "mostrarDisplay" => false "figura" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "imagen" => "gr1.jpeg" "Alto" => 1125 "Ancho" => 1500 "Tamanyo" => 192636 ] ] "descripcion" => array:1 [ "en" => "<p id="spar0005" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Linear hyperpigmentation in the skin folds of the abdomen and diffuse hyperpigmentation of the navel.</p>" ] ] 1 => array:7 [ "identificador" => "tbl0005" "etiqueta" => "Table 1" "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIATABLA" "mostrarFloat" => true "mostrarDisplay" => false "tabla" => array:3 [ "leyenda" => "<p id="spar0015" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Abbreviations: F, female; M, male; NA, not available; NF, no follow up.</p>" "tablatextoimagen" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "tabla" => array:1 [ 0 => """ <table border="0" frame="\n \t\t\t\t\tvoid\n \t\t\t\t" class=""><thead title="thead"><tr title="table-row"><th class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Source \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Country \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Sex/Age of Newborn \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Racial Group \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Location of Transient Pigmentary Lines \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Other Skin Lesions \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Extracutaneous Anomalies \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Evolution of Transient Pigmentary Lines \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t\t\t</th></tr></thead><tbody title="tbody"><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Gibbs,<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0015"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">3</span></a> 1967 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">United States \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">M/NA \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Black \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Abdomen \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Collodion babyIchthyosis vulgaris \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Umbilical hernia \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Resolved at 4 mo of age \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Halper et al.,<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0025"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">5</span></a> 1993 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">United States \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">M/6 wk \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Black \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">BackFlankArms \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">No \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">No \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Resolved at 4–6 mo of age \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">M/2 mo \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Black \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Abdomen \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Vertical linear hypopigmentation of the abdomen \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">No \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Resolved at 6 mo of age \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">M/at birth \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Black \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Back \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">No \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">No \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">NF \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Prigent et al.,<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0030"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">6</span></a> 2000 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">France \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">M/3 wk \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Black \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Arms \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">No \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">No \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Resolved at 2–3 mo of age \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Martín et al.,<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0035"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">7</span></a> 2009 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Spain \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">F/2 wk \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">White \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">AbdomenBack \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Hyperpigmentation along the spineScattered hyperpigmented macules on the back \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">No \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Cleared in 6 mo \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Garg et al.,<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0040"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">8</span></a> 2012 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">India \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">M/2 wk \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">NA \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">AbdomenArms \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">No \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">No \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Cleared in 3–6 mo \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Monteagudo et al.,<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tblfn0005"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">a</span></a> 2012 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Spain \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">M/1 mo \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">White \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Abdomen \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Hyperpigmentation of the navel \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">No \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n \t\t\t\t " align="left" valign="\n \t\t\t\t\ttop\n \t\t\t\t">Cleared in 4 mo \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr></tbody></table> """ ] ] ] "notaPie" => array:1 [ 0 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "tblfn0005" "etiqueta" => "a" "nota" => "<p class="elsevierStyleNotepara">Present case.</p>" ] ] ] "descripcion" => array:1 [ "en" => "<p id="spar0010" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Main Characteristics of Cases of Transient Pigmentary Lines of the Newborn Described in the Literature.</p>" ] ] ] "bibliografia" => array:2 [ "titulo" => "References" "seccion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "bibs0005" "bibliografiaReferencia" => array:10 [ 0 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0005" "etiqueta" => "1" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Transient benign cutaneous lesions in the newborn" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => "A.W. Lucky" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "LibroEditado" => array:6 [ "editores" => "L.F.Eichenfield, I.J.Frieden, N.B.Esterly" "titulo" => "Neonatal Dermatology" "paginaInicial" => "85" "paginaFinal" => "98" "edicion" => "2nd ed." "serieFecha" => "2008" ] ] ] ] ] ] 1 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0010" "etiqueta" => "2" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Prevalencia de marcas de nacimiento y lesiones cutáneas transitorias en 1.000 recién nacidos españoles" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => true "autores" => array:6 [ 0 => "B. Monteagudo" 1 => "J. Labandeira" 2 => "E. León-Muiños" 3 => "I. Carballeira" 4 => "A. Corrales" 5 => "M. Cabanillas" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1016/j.ad.2010.08.001" "Revista" => array:7 [ "tituloSerie" => "Actas Dermosifiliogr" "fecha" => "2011" "volumen" => "102" "paginaInicial" => "264" "paginaFinal" => "269" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21324425" "web" => "Medline" ] ] "itemHostRev" => array:3 [ "pii" => "S0016508510013223" "estado" => "S300" "issn" => "00165085" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 2 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0015" "etiqueta" => "3" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Unusual striped hyperpigmentation of the torso. A sequel of abnormalities of epitrichial exfoliation" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => "R.C. Gibbs" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Arch Dermatol" "fecha" => "1967" "volumen" => "95" "paginaInicial" => "385" "paginaFinal" => "386" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6067148" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 3 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0020" "etiqueta" => "4" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Neonatal striped hyperpigmentation of the torso secondary to split lines of the horny layer at birth" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:2 [ 0 => "E. Bonifazi" 1 => "M. Cutrone" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:5 [ "tituloSerie" => "Eur J Pediatr Dermatol" "fecha" => "2011" "volumen" => "21" "paginaInicial" => "184" "paginaFinal" => "185" ] ] ] ] ] ] 4 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0025" "etiqueta" => "5" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Pigmentary lines of the newborn" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:4 [ 0 => "S. Halper" 1 => "D. Rubenstein" 2 => "N. Prose" 3 => "M.L. Levy" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1016/0190-9622(93)70127-f" "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "J Am Acad Dermatol" "fecha" => "1993" "volumen" => "28" "paginaInicial" => "893" "paginaFinal" => "894" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8491889" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 5 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0030" "etiqueta" => "6" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Pigmentation linéaire du nouveau-né" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:3 [ 0 => "F. Prigent" 1 => "C. Aufrant" 2 => "Y. Bompard" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1016/s0929-693x(00)00150-0" "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Arch Pediatr" "fecha" => "2000" "volumen" => "7" "paginaInicial" => "1316" "paginaFinal" => "1317" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11147068" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 6 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0035" "etiqueta" => "7" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Transient pigmentary lines of the newborn" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:3 [ 0 => "J.M. Martín" 1 => "E. Jordá" 2 => "V. Alonso" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1111/j.1525-1470.2009.01038.x" "Revista" => array:5 [ "tituloSerie" => "Pediatr Dermatol" "fecha" => "2009" "volumen" => "26" "paginaInicial" => "768" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20199471" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 7 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0040" "etiqueta" => "8" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Transient infantile patterned hyperpigmentation" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:3 [ 0 => "G. Garg" 1 => "M. Bhalla" 2 => "G.P. Thami" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1111/j.1525-1470.2011.01653.x" "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Pediatr Dermatol" "fecha" => "2012" "volumen" => "29" "paginaInicial" => "372" "paginaFinal" => "373" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22122808" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 8 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0045" "etiqueta" => "9" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Hypermelanoses of the newborn and of the infant" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:2 [ 0 => "A. Taïeb" 1 => "F. Boralevi" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1016/j.det.2007.04.011" "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Dermatol Clin" "fecha" => "2007" "volumen" => "25" "paginaInicial" => "327" "paginaFinal" => "336" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17662898" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 9 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0050" "etiqueta" => "10" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Disorders of hyperpigmentation and melanocytes" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:2 [ 0 => "N.F. Gibbs" 1 => "H.S. Makkar" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "LibroEditado" => array:6 [ "editores" => "L.F.Eichenfield, I.J.Frieden, N.B.Esterly" "titulo" => "Neonatal Dermatology" "paginaInicial" => "397" "paginaFinal" => "422" "edicion" => "2nd ed." "serieFecha" => "2008" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] "idiomaDefecto" => "en" "url" => "/15782190/0000010400000006/v2_202210010908/S1578219013001303/v2_202210010908/en/main.assets" "Apartado" => array:4 [ "identificador" => "6157" "tipo" => "SECCION" "en" => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Case and Research Letters" "idiomaDefecto" => true ] "idiomaDefecto" => "en" ] "PDF" => "https://static.elsevier.es/multimedia/15782190/0000010400000006/v2_202210010908/S1578219013001303/v2_202210010908/en/main.pdf?idApp=UINPBA000044&text.app=https://actasdermo.org/" "EPUB" => "https://multimedia.elsevier.es/PublicationsMultimediaV1/item/epub/S1578219013001303?idApp=UINPBA000044" ]
| Year/Month | Html | Total | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2024 November | 31 | 10 | 41 |
| 2024 October | 294 | 65 | 359 |
| 2024 September | 340 | 49 | 389 |
| 2024 August | 412 | 83 | 495 |
| 2024 July | 405 | 60 | 465 |
| 2024 June | 337 | 62 | 399 |
| 2024 May | 317 | 83 | 400 |
| 2024 April | 318 | 59 | 377 |
| 2024 March | 438 | 36 | 474 |
| 2024 February | 350 | 36 | 386 |
| 2024 January | 433 | 38 | 471 |
| 2023 December | 359 | 41 | 400 |
| 2023 November | 305 | 58 | 363 |
| 2023 October | 402 | 44 | 446 |
| 2023 September | 449 | 37 | 486 |
| 2023 August | 383 | 28 | 411 |
| 2023 July | 358 | 45 | 403 |
| 2023 June | 247 | 34 | 281 |
| 2023 May | 315 | 49 | 364 |
| 2023 April | 225 | 35 | 260 |
| 2023 March | 302 | 70 | 372 |
| 2023 February | 192 | 70 | 262 |
| 2023 January | 176 | 53 | 229 |
| 2022 December | 126 | 61 | 187 |
| 2022 November | 72 | 38 | 110 |
| 2022 October | 72 | 53 | 125 |
| 2022 September | 106 | 55 | 161 |
| 2022 August | 57 | 55 | 112 |
| 2022 July | 58 | 48 | 106 |
| 2022 June | 57 | 52 | 109 |
| 2022 May | 292 | 60 | 352 |
| 2022 April | 385 | 58 | 443 |
| 2022 March | 425 | 93 | 518 |
| 2022 February | 399 | 64 | 463 |
| 2022 January | 444 | 58 | 502 |
| 2021 December | 349 | 37 | 386 |
| 2021 November | 281 | 53 | 334 |
| 2021 October | 329 | 74 | 403 |
| 2021 September | 228 | 47 | 275 |
| 2021 August | 273 | 57 | 330 |
| 2021 July | 305 | 53 | 358 |
| 2021 June | 440 | 302 | 742 |
| 2021 May | 395 | 121 | 516 |
| 2021 April | 618 | 158 | 776 |
| 2021 March | 271 | 60 | 331 |
| 2021 February | 246 | 44 | 290 |
| 2021 January | 217 | 44 | 261 |
| 2020 December | 149 | 31 | 180 |
| 2020 November | 162 | 18 | 180 |
| 2020 October | 110 | 14 | 124 |
| 2020 September | 107 | 10 | 117 |
| 2020 August | 110 | 25 | 135 |
| 2020 July | 106 | 20 | 126 |
| 2020 June | 99 | 24 | 123 |
| 2020 May | 681 | 30 | 711 |
| 2020 April | 48 | 17 | 65 |
| 2020 March | 35 | 16 | 51 |
| 2020 February | 6 | 0 | 6 |
| 2020 January | 4 | 0 | 4 |
| 2019 December | 8 | 2 | 10 |
| 2019 November | 4 | 0 | 4 |
| 2019 September | 8 | 0 | 8 |
| 2019 August | 4 | 1 | 5 |
| 2019 July | 4 | 1 | 5 |
| 2019 June | 6 | 5 | 11 |
| 2019 May | 5 | 15 | 20 |
| 2019 April | 2 | 3 | 5 |
| 2019 March | 2 | 8 | 10 |
| 2019 February | 2 | 3 | 5 |
| 2019 January | 1 | 5 | 6 |
| 2018 December | 5 | 2 | 7 |
| 2018 November | 2 | 0 | 2 |
| 2018 October | 3 | 0 | 3 |
| 2018 September | 3 | 31 | 34 |
| 2018 August | 0 | 57 | 57 |
| 2018 July | 0 | 50 | 50 |
| 2018 June | 0 | 47 | 47 |
| 2018 May | 0 | 46 | 46 |
| 2018 April | 0 | 55 | 55 |
| 2018 March | 18 | 37 | 55 |
| 2018 February | 384 | 31 | 415 |
| 2018 January | 395 | 32 | 427 |
| 2017 December | 283 | 30 | 313 |
| 2017 November | 356 | 37 | 393 |
| 2017 October | 363 | 15 | 378 |
| 2017 September | 241 | 30 | 271 |
| 2017 August | 247 | 34 | 281 |
| 2017 July | 251 | 33 | 284 |
| 2017 June | 237 | 46 | 283 |
| 2017 May | 274 | 54 | 328 |
| 2017 April | 278 | 36 | 314 |
| 2017 March | 284 | 61 | 345 |
| 2017 February | 432 | 41 | 473 |
| 2017 January | 436 | 41 | 477 |
| 2016 December | 295 | 22 | 317 |
| 2016 November | 212 | 38 | 250 |
| 2016 October | 253 | 35 | 288 |
| 2016 September | 333 | 26 | 359 |
| 2016 August | 296 | 21 | 317 |
| 2016 July | 191 | 14 | 205 |
| 2016 June | 9 | 13 | 22 |
| 2016 May | 7 | 7 | 14 |
| 2016 April | 4 | 31 | 35 |
| 2016 March | 2 | 21 | 23 |
| 2016 February | 3 | 1 | 4 |
| 2016 January | 8 | 15 | 23 |
| 2015 December | 6 | 6 | 12 |
| 2015 November | 5 | 5 | 10 |
| 2015 October | 17 | 6 | 23 |
| 2015 September | 9 | 3 | 12 |
| 2015 August | 10 | 1 | 11 |
| 2015 July | 203 | 12 | 215 |
| 2015 June | 150 | 13 | 163 |
| 2015 May | 101 | 15 | 116 |
| 2015 April | 115 | 7 | 122 |
| 2015 March | 319 | 10 | 329 |
| 2015 February | 109 | 14 | 123 |
| 2015 January | 93 | 6 | 99 |
| 2014 December | 96 | 7 | 103 |
| 2014 November | 86 | 5 | 91 |
| 2014 October | 79 | 4 | 83 |
| 2014 September | 72 | 8 | 80 |
| 2014 August | 80 | 4 | 84 |
| 2014 July | 73 | 6 | 79 |
| 2014 June | 85 | 6 | 91 |
| 2014 May | 68 | 7 | 75 |
| 2014 April | 56 | 7 | 63 |
| 2014 March | 69 | 11 | 80 |
| 2014 February | 44 | 6 | 50 |
| 2014 January | 87 | 12 | 99 |
| 2013 December | 34 | 3 | 37 |
| 2013 November | 27 | 7 | 34 |
| 2013 October | 14 | 4 | 18 |
| 2013 September | 3 | 3 | 6 |
| 2013 August | 4 | 4 | 8 |
| 2013 July | 0 | 2 | 2 |
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