Case and Research Letter
Ichthyosiform Sarcoidosis
Sarcoidosis ictiosiforme
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(B) Ultrasound examination: hypoechoic cystic lesions with anechoic content and posterior reinforcement with increased cartilage thickness in the ultrasounds. (C) Hematoxilin–eosin 10×: intracartilaginous space lacking an epithelial lining with thinning cartilage and hyalinising degeneration along the internal border of the cystic space.</p>" ] ] ] "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "autoresLista" => "A. Lobato-Berezo, M.T.F. Figueras, R.M. Pujol" "autores" => array:3 [ 0 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "A." "apellidos" => "Lobato-Berezo" ] 1 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "M.T.F." "apellidos" => "Figueras" ] 2 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "R.M." "apellidos" => "Pujol" ] ] ] ] ] "idiomaDefecto" => "en" "EPUB" => "https://multimedia.elsevier.es/PublicationsMultimediaV1/item/epub/S0001731022001545?idApp=UINPBA000044" "url" => "/00017310/0000011400000008/v2_202310161122/S0001731022001545/v2_202310161122/en/main.assets" ] "itemAnterior" => array:18 [ "pii" => "S0001731022008924" "issn" => "00017310" "doi" => "10.1016/j.ad.2022.05.026" "estado" => "S300" "fechaPublicacion" => "2023-09-01" "aid" => "3260" "copyright" => "AEDV" "documento" => "simple-article" "crossmark" => 1 "subdocumento" => "crp" "cita" => "Actas Dermosifiliogr. 2023;114:735-7" "abierto" => array:3 [ "ES" => true "ES2" => true "LATM" => true ] "gratuito" => true "lecturas" => array:1 [ "total" => 0 ] "es" => array:11 [ "idiomaDefecto" => true "cabecera" => "<span class="elsevierStyleTextfn">CARTA CIENTÍFICO-CLÍNICA</span>" "titulo" => "Sarcoidosis ictiosiforme" "tienePdf" => "es" "tieneTextoCompleto" => "es" "paginas" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "paginaInicial" => "735" "paginaFinal" => "737" ] ] "titulosAlternativos" => array:1 [ "en" => array:1 [ "titulo" => "Ichthyosiform Sarcoidosis" ] ] "contieneTextoCompleto" => array:1 [ "es" => true ] "contienePdf" => array:1 [ "es" => true ] "resumenGrafico" => array:2 [ "original" => 0 "multimedia" => array:7 [ "identificador" => "fig0010" "etiqueta" => "Figura 2" "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIAFIGURA" "mostrarFloat" => true "mostrarDisplay" => false "figura" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "imagen" => "gr2.jpeg" "Alto" => 679 "Ancho" => 2007 "Tamanyo" => 586418 ] ] "descripcion" => array:1 [ "es" => "<p id="spar0010" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Histopatología de las lesiones de la rodilla derecha a pequeño aumento con presencia de un infiltrado inflamatorio linfohistiocitario con estructuras granulomatosas mal conformadas (hematoxilina/eosina X20) a). A mayor aumento se observa mejor la infiltración granulomatosa de las glándulas ecrinas (hematoxilina/eosina X100), b). Histopatología de las lesiones del muslo con infiltración de glándulas ecrinas por granulomas sarcoideos (hematoxilina/eosina X100), c). Histopatología de las lesiones ictiosiformes pretibiales mostrando hiperqueratosis ortoqueratósica y granulomas sarcoideos dérmicos (hematoxilina/eosina X100), d). e) Tinción inmunohistoquímica para CD136 que muestra una elevada densidad de células CD163 positivas en el área intersticial que rodea los granulomas epitelioides (CD136X100).</p>" ] ] ] "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "autoresLista" => "J. Marcoval, C. Moreno-Vílchez, J. Molinero Caturla, R.M. Penín" "autores" => array:4 [ 0 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "J." "apellidos" => "Marcoval" ] 1 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "C." "apellidos" => "Moreno-Vílchez" ] 2 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "J." "apellidos" => "Molinero Caturla" ] 3 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "R.M." "apellidos" => "Penín" ] ] ] ] ] "idiomaDefecto" => "es" "EPUB" => "https://multimedia.elsevier.es/PublicationsMultimediaV1/item/epub/S0001731022008924?idApp=UINPBA000044" "url" => "/00017310/0000011400000008/v2_202310161122/S0001731022008924/v2_202310161122/es/main.assets" ] "asociados" => array:1 [ 0 => array:18 [ "pii" => "S0001731022008924" "issn" => "00017310" "doi" => "10.1016/j.ad.2022.05.026" "estado" => "S300" "fechaPublicacion" => "2023-09-01" "aid" => "3260" "copyright" => "AEDV" "documento" => "simple-article" "crossmark" => 1 "subdocumento" => "crp" "cita" => "Actas Dermosifiliogr. 2023;114:735-7" "abierto" => array:3 [ "ES" => true "ES2" => true "LATM" => true ] "gratuito" => true "lecturas" => array:1 [ "total" => 0 ] "es" => array:11 [ "idiomaDefecto" => true "cabecera" => "<span class="elsevierStyleTextfn">CARTA CIENTÍFICO-CLÍNICA</span>" "titulo" => "Sarcoidosis ictiosiforme" "tienePdf" => "es" "tieneTextoCompleto" => "es" "paginas" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "paginaInicial" => "735" "paginaFinal" => "737" ] ] "titulosAlternativos" => array:1 [ "en" => array:1 [ "titulo" => "Ichthyosiform Sarcoidosis" ] ] "contieneTextoCompleto" => array:1 [ "es" => true ] "contienePdf" => array:1 [ "es" => true ] "resumenGrafico" => array:2 [ "original" => 0 "multimedia" => array:7 [ "identificador" => "fig0010" "etiqueta" => "Figura 2" "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIAFIGURA" "mostrarFloat" => true "mostrarDisplay" => false "figura" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "imagen" => "gr2.jpeg" "Alto" => 679 "Ancho" => 2007 "Tamanyo" => 586418 ] ] "descripcion" => array:1 [ "es" => "<p id="spar0010" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Histopatología de las lesiones de la rodilla derecha a pequeño aumento con presencia de un infiltrado inflamatorio linfohistiocitario con estructuras granulomatosas mal conformadas (hematoxilina/eosina X20) a). A mayor aumento se observa mejor la infiltración granulomatosa de las glándulas ecrinas (hematoxilina/eosina X100), b). Histopatología de las lesiones del muslo con infiltración de glándulas ecrinas por granulomas sarcoideos (hematoxilina/eosina X100), c). Histopatología de las lesiones ictiosiformes pretibiales mostrando hiperqueratosis ortoqueratósica y granulomas sarcoideos dérmicos (hematoxilina/eosina X100), d). e) Tinción inmunohistoquímica para CD136 que muestra una elevada densidad de células CD163 positivas en el área intersticial que rodea los granulomas epitelioides (CD136X100).</p>" ] ] ] "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "autoresLista" => "J. Marcoval, C. Moreno-Vílchez, J. Molinero Caturla, R.M. Penín" "autores" => array:4 [ 0 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "J." "apellidos" => "Marcoval" ] 1 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "C." "apellidos" => "Moreno-Vílchez" ] 2 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "J." "apellidos" => "Molinero Caturla" ] 3 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "R.M." "apellidos" => "Penín" ] ] ] ] ] "idiomaDefecto" => "es" "EPUB" => "https://multimedia.elsevier.es/PublicationsMultimediaV1/item/epub/S0001731022008924?idApp=UINPBA000044" "url" => "/00017310/0000011400000008/v2_202310161122/S0001731022008924/v2_202310161122/es/main.assets" ] ] "en" => array:15 [ "idiomaDefecto" => true "cabecera" => "<span class="elsevierStyleTextfn">Case and Research Letter</span>" "titulo" => " Ichthyosiform Sarcoidosis" "tieneTextoCompleto" => true "saludo" => "To the Editor:" "paginas" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "paginaInicial" => "T735" "paginaFinal" => "T737" ] ] "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "autoresLista" => "J. Marcoval, C. Moreno-Vílchez, J. Molinero Caturla, R.M. Penín" "autores" => array:4 [ 0 => array:4 [ "nombre" => "J." "apellidos" => "Marcoval" "email" => array:1 [ 0 => "jmarcoval@bellvitgehospital.cat" ] "referencia" => array:2 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">a</span>" "identificador" => "aff0005" ] 1 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">*</span>" "identificador" => "cor0005" ] ] ] 1 => array:3 [ "nombre" => "C." "apellidos" => "Moreno-Vílchez" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">a</span>" "identificador" => "aff0005" ] ] ] 2 => array:3 [ "nombre" => "J." "apellidos" => "Molinero Caturla" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">a</span>" "identificador" => "aff0005" ] ] ] 3 => array:3 [ "nombre" => "R.M." "apellidos" => "Penín" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">b</span>" "identificador" => "aff0010" ] ] ] ] "afiliaciones" => array:2 [ 0 => array:3 [ "entidad" => "Servicio de Dermatología, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, Barcelona, Spain" "etiqueta" => "a" "identificador" => "aff0005" ] 1 => array:3 [ "entidad" => "Servicio de Anatomía Patológica, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, Barcelona, Spain" "etiqueta" => "b" "identificador" => "aff0010" ] ] "correspondencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "cor0005" "etiqueta" => "⁎" "correspondencia" => "Corresponding author." ] ] ] ] "titulosAlternativos" => array:1 [ "es" => array:1 [ "titulo" => "Sarcoidosis ictiosiforme" ] ] "resumenGrafico" => array:2 [ "original" => 0 "multimedia" => array:7 [ "identificador" => "fig0010" "etiqueta" => "Figure 2" "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIAFIGURA" "mostrarFloat" => true "mostrarDisplay" => false "figura" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "imagen" => "gr2.jpeg" "Alto" => 679 "Ancho" => 2007 "Tamanyo" => 586418 ] ] "descripcion" => array:1 [ "en" => "<p id="spar0010" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Histopathology of lesions on the right knee at low magnification with the presence of a lymphohistiocytic inflammatory infiltrate and poorly formed granulomatous structures (hematoxylin–eosin, ×20). A, Increased magnification better reveals the granulomatous infiltration of the eccrine glands (hematoxylin–eosin, ×100). B, Histopathology of the lesions on the thigh, with infiltration of the eccrine glands by sarcoid granulomas (hematoxylin–eosin, ×100). C, Histopathology of pretibial ichthyosiform lesions showing orthokeratotic hyperkeratosis and sarcoid granulomas in the dermis (hematoxylin–eosin, ×100) (D). E, Immunohistochemistry for CD163 showing a high density of CD163-positive cells in the interstitial area surrounding the epithelioid granulomas (CD163, ×100).</p>" ] ] ] "textoCompleto" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSections"><p id="par0005" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Cutaneous lesions specific to systemic sarcoidosis may vary in terms of their clinical appearance and can mimic many skin conditions.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0040"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">1</span></a> Ichthyosiform sarcoidosis is one of the least common sarcoidosis-specific cutaneous manifestations.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0040"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">1,2</span></a></p><p id="par0010" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">A 25-year-old man from Venezuela and resident in Spain for the last 15 years consulted for annular erythematous lesions located mainly on the lower limbs. The lesions were accompanied by thick scales with an ichthyosiform appearance in the pretibial area. The patient's clinical history was unremarkable. He reported that the skin lesions, which were asymptomatic, had first appeared on both lower limbs 4 months earlier. He had not experienced fever, cough, or other systemic symptoms. None of his relatives had had similar lesions. Examination revealed annular erythematous lesions in the proximal aspect of the lower limbs, with a few also visible on the right abdominal flank (<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0005">Fig. 1</a>A and B). On the pretibial area and ankles, the skin was affected by diffuse erythema covered by large polygonal ichthyosiform scales (<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0005">Fig. 1</a>C). Biopsy of one of the annular lesions on the knee revealed a lymphohistiocytic inflammatory infiltrate with poorly formed granulomatous structures arranged in a perivascular, perineural, and periadnexal pattern (<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0010">Fig. 2</a>A and B). Further biopsy of another lesion on the thigh revealed dermal sarcoid granulomas marked by clear syringotropism (<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0010">Fig. 2</a>C). Staining for acid-alcohol-fast bacilli yielded negative results. Biopsy of an ichthyosiform lesion on the ankle also revealed the presence of sarcoid granulomas in the dermis, as well as orthokeratotic hyperkeratosis in the epidermis (<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0010">Fig. 2</a>D). Physical examination revealed no alterations in sensitivity, and staining for acid-alcohol-fast bacilli in smears from the nasal cavity and earlobe were negative. Serology testing for syphilis was negative. Angiotensin-converting enzyme values were high (139<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>U/L [reference range, 8–52<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>U/L]), the chest X-ray revealed bilateral enlarged hilar lymph nodes, and the ophthalmological examination revealed choroidal granulomas.</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="fig0005"></elsevierMultimedia><elsevierMultimedia ident="fig0010"></elsevierMultimedia><p id="par0015" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Macrophages in cutaneous lesions in sarcoidosis were recently reported to be positive for CD163 in patients with systemic involvement.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0050"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">3</span></a> Consistent with the study in our patient with systemic sarcoidosis, immunohistochemistry revealed a high density of CD163<span class="elsevierStyleSup">+</span> cells in the interstitial area surrounding the epithelioid granulomas.</p><p id="par0020" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Ichthyosiform sarcoidosis is clinically characterized by large gray or brown polygonal scales located mainly in the pretibial area.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0055"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">4</span></a> Only 34 cases of ichthyosiform sarcoidosis have been reported. Most affected Black patients, followed by Asian patients, with only 4 cases reported in White patients.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0045"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span></a> Ichthyosiform lesions may be erroneously diagnosed as dry skin, and some authors believe that they may be more prevalent than previously thought, since patients with ichthyosiform sarcoidosis may present other, more apparent types of cutaneous lesions in sarcoidosis.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0055"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">4</span></a></p><p id="par0025" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Histologically, ichthyosiform sarcoidosis is characterized by hyperkeratosis, acanthosis, and a diminished granular layer, all of which occur alongside sarcoid granulomas in the underlying dermis.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0055"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">4</span></a> In some published case reports, the authors stress that the granulomas tend to accumulate around the eccrine glands.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0055"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">4,5</span></a> Syringotropism has been thought to inhibit sweating by blocking or obstructing the eccrine duct, thus leading to xerosis and epidermal abnormalities.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0050"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">3</span></a> In some patients, a diminished sweating response to thermal stimuli has been observed.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0060"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">5</span></a> Hansen disease can also lead to sweating abnormalities, annular lesions, and ichthysiform lesions similar to those we report here.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0065"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">6</span></a> The differential diagnosis with sarcoidosis may prove difficult, since both conditions may be characterized by dermal granulomas arranged in a perineural fashion.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0070"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">7</span></a> Furthermore, in leprosy, development of ichthyosiform lesions has been thought to result from defective functioning of the eccrine glands owing to reduced hydration of the stratum corneum.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0065"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">6</span></a></p><p id="par0030" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">In the patient we describe, sarcoid granulomas infiltrated the eccrine glands. In addition, the perineurally arranged granulomas we identified may have interfered with the innervation of these glands. The findings for the present case support the hypothesis that ichthyosiform lesions in sarcoidosis could be associated with granulomatous infiltration of the eccrine glands or interference in their innervation.</p><span id="sec0005" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0005">Conflicts of Interest</span><p id="par0035" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest.</p></span></span>" "textoCompletoSecciones" => array:1 [ "secciones" => array:2 [ 0 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0005" "titulo" => "Conflicts of Interest" ] 1 => array:1 [ "titulo" => "References" ] ] ] "pdfFichero" => "main.pdf" "tienePdf" => true "multimedia" => array:2 [ 0 => array:7 [ "identificador" => "fig0005" "etiqueta" => "Figure 1" "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIAFIGURA" "mostrarFloat" => true "mostrarDisplay" => false "figura" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "imagen" => "gr1.jpeg" "Alto" => 2394 "Ancho" => 1340 "Tamanyo" => 480203 ] ] "descripcion" => array:1 [ "en" => "<p id="spar0005" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Clinical appearance of annular lesions on the right abdominal flank (A) and proximal aspect of the legs (B). Clinical appearance of ichthyosiform lesions in the pretibial area, with large polygonal scales (C).</p>" ] ] 1 => array:7 [ "identificador" => "fig0010" "etiqueta" => "Figure 2" "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIAFIGURA" "mostrarFloat" => true "mostrarDisplay" => false "figura" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "imagen" => "gr2.jpeg" "Alto" => 679 "Ancho" => 2007 "Tamanyo" => 586418 ] ] "descripcion" => array:1 [ "en" => "<p id="spar0010" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Histopathology of lesions on the right knee at low magnification with the presence of a lymphohistiocytic inflammatory infiltrate and poorly formed granulomatous structures (hematoxylin–eosin, ×20). A, Increased magnification better reveals the granulomatous infiltration of the eccrine glands (hematoxylin–eosin, ×100). B, Histopathology of the lesions on the thigh, with infiltration of the eccrine glands by sarcoid granulomas (hematoxylin–eosin, ×100). C, Histopathology of pretibial ichthyosiform lesions showing orthokeratotic hyperkeratosis and sarcoid granulomas in the dermis (hematoxylin–eosin, ×100) (D). E, Immunohistochemistry for CD163 showing a high density of CD163-positive cells in the interstitial area surrounding the epithelioid granulomas (CD163, ×100).</p>" ] ] ] "bibliografia" => array:2 [ "titulo" => "References" "seccion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "bibs0015" "bibliografiaReferencia" => array:7 [ 0 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0040" "etiqueta" => "1" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Sarcoidosis" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:2 [ 0 => "J. Marcoval" 1 => "J. Mañá" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "LibroEditado" => array:4 [ "editores" => "C.Griffiths, J.Barker, T.O.Bleiker, R.Chalmers, D.Creamer" "titulo" => "Rook's textbook of dermatology" "edicion" => "9th ed." 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| Year/Month | Html | Total | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2024 November | 16 | 13 | 29 |
| 2024 October | 125 | 69 | 194 |
| 2024 September | 116 | 50 | 166 |
| 2024 August | 125 | 75 | 200 |
| 2024 July | 104 | 43 | 147 |
| 2024 June | 134 | 74 | 208 |
| 2024 May | 93 | 45 | 138 |
| 2024 April | 93 | 38 | 131 |
| 2024 March | 119 | 46 | 165 |
| 2024 February | 49 | 38 | 87 |
| 2024 January | 115 | 36 | 151 |
| 2023 December | 56 | 24 | 80 |
| 2023 November | 103 | 40 | 143 |
| 2023 October | 126 | 42 | 168 |
| 2023 September | 114 | 36 | 150 |
| 2023 August | 76 | 53 | 129 |
| 2023 July | 114 | 110 | 224 |
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