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Vol. 109. Issue 2.
Pages 98 (March 2018)
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Cutaneous Leiomyosarcoma: On the Importance of Histologic Location
Leiomiosarcoma cutáneo: la importancia de la localización histológica
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B. Llombart
Servicio de Dermatología, Instituto Valenciano de Oncología, Valencia, España
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This issue of Actas Dermo-Sifiliográficas includes a study of the clinical and pathologic features of leiomyosarcomas in a series of 12 patients followed for 15 years.1 Rodríguez-Lomba and colleagues found that 2 of the 4 dermal tumors recurred, 1 of the 2 subcutaneous tumors developed distant metastases, and 5 of the 6 metastases from noncutaneous tumors resulted in death. The authors remind readers of the importance of first ruling out the possibility of metastasis from an undiagnosed leiomyosarcoma when this type of tumor is found in the dermis. They also provide a highly useful algorithm to guide the dermatologist's diagnosis and treatment of these tumors based on histologic findings.

Leiomyosarcoma is a rare neoplasm that develops in muscle tissue. It accounts for 2% to 3% of all cutaneous sarcomas. Clinical signs and symptoms are nonspecific, and a biopsy must include fat-containing tissue for diagnosis.

These sarcomas, as explained by Rodríguez-Lomba et al1 and others,2,3 are traditionally classified in 3 groups with different prognoses: cutaneous, or dermal, forms; subcutaneous forms; and cutaneous metastasis from a noncutaneous leiomyosarcoma. The deeper the lesion, the worse the prognosis. Dermal leiomyosarcoma is of intermediate malignancy. Although it tends to recur locally (24%), the risk of metastasis is low (4%).2 Local spread (37%) and distant metastasis (43%) are more likely in subcutaneous leiomyosarcoma. Finally, metastatic leiomyosarcomas are signs of the progression of a primary tumor, and life expectancy is approximately 16 months after this form is diagnosed.3 The interesting findings Rodríguez-Lomba et al report in this issue are consistent with the earlier literature.

References
[1]
E. Rodríguez-Lomba, I. Molina-López, V. Parra-Blanco, R. Suárez-Fernández, A. Pulido-Pére.
Leiomiosarcoma cutáneo: Características clínicas, histopatológicas y correlación pronóstica en 12 pacientes.
Actas dermosifilogr, (2018),
https://dx.doi:10.1016/j.ad.2017.08.005
[2]
J. Aneiros-Fernandez, J. Antonio Retamero, H. Husein-Elahmed, F. Ovalle, J. Aneiros-Cachaza.
Primary cutaneous and subcutaneous leiomyosarcomas: Evolution and prognostic factors.
Eur J Dermatol, 26 (2016), pp. 9-12
[3]
D.S. Winchester, T.L. Hocker, R.K. Roenigk.
Skin metastases of leiomyosarcoma (LMS): A retrospective review of 21 cases.
J Am Acad Dermatol, 72 (2015), pp. 910-912

Please cite this article as: Llombart B. Leiomiosarcoma cutáneo: la importancia de la localización histológica. Actas Dermosifiliogr. 2018;109:98.

Copyright © 2017. Elsevier España, S.L.U. and AEDV
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